Leonardo Rulebook

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

• Object of the Game
• Contents
• Setup
• Turn Structure
  • 1. Simultaneous Selection of 2 Player Cards
  • 2. Movement of the Character and Resolution
  • Preparing a New Turn
• End of the Game
• Warning
• Invention Captions

Object of the Game

You must build and collect the inventions of Leonardo da Vinci. To do so, you need to gather the Materials (cards) required to construct them. Each invention has a point value that depends on the complexity of the invention and the type of material. At the end of the game, the player with the highest score is the winner.

Contents

• 3 cardboard Character pawns: Leonardo, Gioconda and the cat Pardo (attach them to their bases)
• 18 invention pieces (cut-outs)
• 1 game board
• 65 Collection cards (50 Material cards and 15 Painting cards)
• 18 Invention cards
• 24 Player cards (in 4 colours: 3 Character and 3 Movement cards per player)
• 1 robot token "Tiglio" (to indicate the first player of the turn)

Setup

1. Place the game board in the centre of the table.

2. Each player takes one set of Player cards of the same colour (6 cards per player).

3. Take the Collection cards and the Invention cards. Shuffle the two decks separately and place them face down next to the game board.

4. Turn over the first 6 Collection cards and the first 3 Invention cards and place them face up on the corresponding spaces of the game board.

5. Place the 3 invention pieces (also attached to their bases) corresponding to the Invention cards on the game board in the centre of the circle (the Vitruvian Man).

6. Depending on the number of players:

   • 2 or 3 players: place 2 of the Character pawns next to 2 Invention cards, on the outer side of the circle formed by the cards. Remove the remaining Character and the corresponding Player cards (they will not be needed in this game).
   • 4 players: place the 3 Character pawns next to the 3 Invention cards, on the outer side of the circle formed by the cards.

   Important: during the game, no player owns a Character; all players share them. During turns, you may use any Character you want.

7. Give the robot token "Tiglio" to the youngest player.

Turn Structure

The game is played in turns, clockwise (to the left).

1. Simultaneous Selection of 2 Player Cards

At the start, all players simultaneously and secretly choose, from their Player cards, 1 card showing a Character and 1 card showing a number (Movement). When all players have chosen their cards and placed them face down on the table in front of them, they reveal them simultaneously by turning them face up.

2. Movement of the Character and Resolution

Now, the player who has the "Tiglio" token plays first: they move the Character shown on the chosen card clockwise around the circle by as many spaces as the number shown on the chosen Movement card. It is mandatory to use the entire movement!

Example: Marco chooses Gioconda and the card with the number 2. He moves Gioconda 2 spaces. The pawn stops next to the Rope (a type of Material card), so Marco takes the Rope card and places it face up in front of him.

When the Character pawn stops, look at what is on the space:

• There are no cards: you have finished your turn.
• There is a Material card: take the card and place it face up in front of you.
• There is an Invention card: take the card and the corresponding invention piece (detach it and leave its base on the circle of the Vitruvian Man), but only if you already have in front of you all of the Material cards required for that invention! Discard the required Material cards and the Invention card. If you do not have the correct Material cards, the Invention card stays on the game board and your turn ends.

Example: Sara moves Leonardo to the Arcolaio (spinning wheel) Invention card. She has the 2 required Material cards (Metal and Wood), so she can take the Invention card and its corresponding invention piece. She then discards the Metal, Wood and Invention cards. If she had not had one or both of the Material cards, Leonardo would have stopped next to the Invention card and Sara's turn would have ended.

• There is a Painting card: take the card. Each Painting card has its own special effect:

Card	Effect
The Vitruvian Man	Allows you to play an extra turn alone (the "Tiglio" token does not change hands during this special turn) after all players have finished the current turn. The other players do nothing during this turn.
The Lady with the Ermine	Allows you to immediately steal 1 Material card from another player.
Gioconda	Allows you to take 1 card of your choice from those remaining on the game board, but only after all players have finished their current turn. You may take a Material card or an Invention card (if you already have the required materials).
Self-Portrait	It is a joker. You may use it, at any time, as if it were any Material card.
Studies for the Horse	Allows you to exchange 1 of your Material cards with 1 Material card of another player, without that player being able to object.

Discard the Painting card after playing it.

After the player with the "Tiglio" token has played, all the other players play in turn, clockwise. On their turn, they advance the Character they chose by as many spaces as the number on their Movement card and take the card on the space where their movement ends (if possible, see above).

Preparing a New Turn

When all players have played (and the player who used the Gioconda card has taken a card), replace all the missing cards on the game board with cards taken from the Collection and Invention decks. If there is a new Invention card, also place its corresponding invention piece on the game board (place it on the available base removed from the previously won invention).

Now all players take back into their hands the 2 cards they played earlier (Character and Movement) for the next turn. If a player had the Painting card "The Vitruvian Man", they now play their extra turn alone. Before the next turn begins, the missing cards on the game board are replaced again.

The "Tiglio" token is handed to the player on the left of the player who had it, and a new turn begins.

End of the Game

The game ends immediately when one of the two card decks (Inventions or Collection) runs out and there are therefore no cards left to refill the spaces on the game board.

Now calculate the score! Your score is the value of your Inventions plus 1 point for each Material card you still have in front of you. The player with the most points wins.

Example: At the end of the game, Marco has 3 Inventions: the Mezzo Volante (flying machine), worth 11 points, the Doccia (shower), worth 6 points, and the Barca a Pale (paddle boat), worth 5 points. He totals 22 points. He also has 2 Material cards in front of him, worth 2 points. So his final score is 24 points.

Tie-break: in case of a tie, the player with the greater number of Invention cards wins (or of Material cards, if still tied). If two players are still tied, play another game of Leonardo to determine the winner!

Warning

WARNING! Not suitable for children under 36 months. Small parts. Choking hazard. Please keep these instructions.

Invention Captions

The captions on the last page of the rules are printed in Italian, French, English, German and Spanish. The English captions are reproduced below in the order printed; the names of the inventions are not printed in these captions.

1. Leonardo's first idea for manned flight. The wings resemble those of a bat and bend independently.
2. The winged spindle allows the stretching, twisting, and winding of the same piece of thread. With the wool winder, Leonardo laid the groundwork for continious spinning.
3. In order to speed up boat navigation, Leonardo imagined paddles powered by muscular strength. This was a precursor of the steamboat.
4. This invention came from one of Leonardo's apprentice's drawings, but the most important part is Leonardo's study of the chains.
5. Leonardo's odometer looks like a wheelbarrow with a small hole through which stones, pebbles, or seeds can fall.
6. This tortoise-shaped vehicle was armed with cannons on all sides. It could move in any direction thanks to gears and handles.
7. Leonardo added improvements to this ancient war machine, such as a self-locking mechanism that made it easier to fire.
8. Leonardo studied a gliding machine that a man could turn by moving his body.
9. One of Leonardo's great passions was hydraulics. He studied the sluices that allow boats to move between waters at different heights.
10. Leonardo imagined a way to walk on water: he equipped a man with 2 floats tied to the feet and 2 poles for balancing with his arms.
11. During his stay in Florence (1469-1481), Leonardo was inspired by the cranes Brunnelleschi used to build the Duomo.
12. By imitating a duck's limbs, Leonardo made gloves for the wrists and ankles that allow a swimmer to move through water more smoothly.
13. Leonardo's flying ship had bat-like wings and a rudder. This is one of the most imaginative flying machines conceived by Leonardo.
14. In his letter to Ludovico il Moro, Leonardo describes many revolving, joint, and gantry bridges, often with a military purpose.
15. Leonardo designed a diving suit so soldiers could damage an enemy's boat in a harbor. He used 2 tubes: one to breathe in, and one to breath out.