La Bataille de Mont Saint Jean Rulebook

Table of Contents

Règlement des Marie-Louise (Series Rules)
Mont Saint-Jean Exclusive Rules

Règlement des Marie-Louise (Series Rules)

1.0 Introduction

The Règlement des Marie-Louise may be used with all games in the series Les Batailles dans l'Âge de l'Empereur Napoléon Ier. This Rulebook is intended to be a guide to tactical warfare in the early Nineteenth Century. If a player wishes to perform an action that is not covered in these rules, or if he is unsure as to its verifiability in these rules, then that action should be considered illegal.

2.0 Rules Questions

Send questions or comments to the following address:

Clash of Arms Games 1804 Hoffmansville Road PO Box 212 Sassamansville, PA. 19472-0212

Or e-mail us at: [email protected], "Attention: Rules Questions La Bataille"

Readers can also try the La Bataille forum on ConsimWorld at http://www.consimworld.com.

3.0 The Game Equipment

An inventory of the contents of each game is given on the back of the game box. If any of these parts are missing or defective please write to the above address for replacements.

3.1 The Organizational Displays. The Organizational Displays have been organized to show players the command relationships between combat units and their leaders. This is important when determining command status during play. As units and leaders are eliminated through casualties or surrender they are returned to the Organizational Display and placed face down.

3.2 The Passage of Time Recorder. The Passage of Time Recorder is used to keep track of the various game turns. The Game Turn Marker should be placed in the space appropriate to the turn currently in play. Each hour is subdivided into three turns: The O'clock (:00), the :20, and the :40. This chart also includes a summary of the Sequence of Play, which is discussed later in these rules.

3.3 The Assaut et Mêlée/Combat à Feu Charts. This chart is back-printed with the Assaut et Mêlée Chart on one side and the Combat à Feu (Fire Combat) Chart on the other. The use of these two charts is discussed under their appropriate headings later in this rulebook.

3.4 Exclusive Rules. Each game may come with a set of Exclusive rules outlining the scenarios and rules particular to that game. The Exclusive Rules take precedence over the rules herein.

4.0 Game Scale

The exact game scale may vary from game to game. In general, each hexagon (hex) represents an area roughly 85 to 115 meters across. Each turn represents a period of 20 minutes. Each Increment of strength represents roughly 100 infantrymen, 50 cavalrymen and their horses, or a section of artillery (2-4 guns depending on their national doctrine, effectiveness, efficiency and economy).

5.0 The Playing Pieces

5.1 Combat Units

5.1.1 Front Side: The color (front) side of a combat unit counter shows the type of unit (infantry, cavalry or artillery), its tactical organization (whether it is a regiment, battalion, or company/squadron), appellation (which regiment, battalion or company/squadron it is and to which corps, division or brigade it belongs), as well as its starting strength and its Movement Potential. For purposes of this game series, the terms battery or artillery company are interchangeable and correspond to a single artillery counter.

••• Infantry or Cavalry Regiment
•• Infantry Battalion
• Infantry Company, Cavalry Squadron or Artillery Company/Battery

5.1.2 Reverse Side: The reverse side of the counter (its black and white side) reveals specific information about the unit. To simulate the Fog of War an opposing player may view only the general (color) side of a counter. Lastly, the specific sides of all counters belonging to the Foes of Napoleon are tinted gray in order to facilitate set-up.

5.1.3 Infantry, 5.1.4 Cavalry, 5.1.5 Artillery: each unit type's counter carries a front (general) side and a reverse (specific) side, illustrated on the physical counter sheet.

5.2 Leaders. Leaders represent the interjection of personality at an immediate place and time on the game map. Leaders are not considered to be Combat units.

5.2.1 The general side of their counter displays uniform and rank, Movement Potential, and his place in the chain of command. The specific side of the leader counter tells us who he is and how his presence with combat units will affect their performance by modifying dice rolls that concerns them.

NOTE: In some cases a leader may have differing mêlée modifiers for attack and defense. These have the form of two numbers separated by a slash, such as 2/3, indicating a modifier for attack of +2 and a modifier for defense of +3. Occasionally players may even encounter leaders that have negative values. These leaders adversely affect the units they are stacked with by subtracting from the specific roll of the dice.

5.3 Informational Markers. These show the effects of combat upon the combat units they mark, or the manner by which a combat unit reacts to what is going on around it. Informational Markers are part of the combat unit they are stacked with and are only removed when the situation that incurred their use has changed.

5.3.1 Number Markers: Number markers are used to indicate the current number of casualties accrued by a combat unit or to indicate the Roll to Close distance for an Assault or an Old Guard Charge. When casualties occur a marker reflecting that amount is placed beneath the combat unit counter. Further losses to this same combat unit are recorded by replacing this marker with one stating the new total.

5.3.2 Disorder and Plus Grande Désordre (Routed): All combat units begin the game in Good Order. Markers are used to show that the unit is no longer in Good Order, but in one of two states of Disorder.

5.3.3 Exhausted: Cavalry units begin the game "Ready" (no marker). Whenever a cavalry unit performs certain actions an Exhausted marker is placed on top of it to show the current status of its horses.

5.3.4 In Square (en Carré) Formation: When an infantry combat unit is in Square one of these markers is placed on top of it.

5.3.5 Road Column: Combat units deployed so as to take advantage of movement on or along a road or trail have this marker placed on top of them.

5.3.6 Assaut Markers: Infantry combat units that are assaulting are tagged with this marker indicating that they must attack the enemy combat unit it points to in the forthcoming Assault Segment.

5.3.7 Charge Markers: Cavalry units that Charged are marked with this counter to show that they have already moved and conducted Mêlée this turn.

5.3.8 Maneuver Units (MUs): This marker is placed upon a leader counter during the Command Segment to indicate that it is available for movement that turn. A duplicate marker (with the same number) is placed in the draw cup. When this marker is drawn from the cup the leader and all units and/or leaders under his command (all units and leaders comprising the Maneuver Unit) are activated (8.4).

5.3.9 Corps Activation Markers: When a corps leader is Activated by his army commander mark him with a Corps Activation Marker (8.4.3.1).

5.3.10 Action Chits: There are four "Action chits" that are placed in the draw cup along with the Maneuver Unit markers during the Command Segment. These Action chits represent random interruptions in the Maneuver Segment indicating the following:

When Reinforcements arrive;
When artillery may execute a special Fire Attack;
When leaders that are not part of a MU may move;
When combat units that are not In Command may Regroup by moving to place themselves within the Command Span of their leader.

See Rule 8.7 for a further explanation of Action Chits.

6.0 The Dice and Charts

The system requires the use of two six-sided dice of different colors. One is designated as the first digit, while the other as the second digit. A roll of these dice thus affords thirty-six possible results and is read off as whole numbers from 11 to 66. The Assaut et Mêlée Chart conceptualizes these thirty-six possible results by breaking down their left hand columns accordingly into six major sections representing the first die result, which are in turn broken into six subsections representing the second die result.

6.1 Modifying Dice Rolls. When modifications to a roll of the dice are called for, they are given in base 10 (as opposed to the base 6 determined by the sides of the dice). If a dice roll of 35 was modified by +9 the player would start with 35 then count up nine for the modified result (count up starting with 36, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 51, and 52).

7.0 Sequence of Play

7.1 Command Segment

7.1.1 Command Point Phase: Each side determines the number of Command Points (CPs) they have for the coming turn. Consult the scenario rules in the Exclusive Rules to determine how many Command Points each side receives. For more information on Command see Rule 8.0.

7.1.2 Command Tracing Phase: The interrelationship between Army leaders, Corps leaders, Aides-de-camp, Division leaders, Brigade leaders and their combat units are determined. Every unit and leader on the game map is determined to be either In or Out of Command. Units and leaders can only be placed In Command during the Command Segment. Thus units which are Out of Command during the Command Segment will remain Out of Command for the duration of the current turn. Units which are In Command may lose their In Command status due to enemy actions (8.4.3.5).

7.1.2.1 Division, Corps and Army Assets: Assign Division, Corps and Army Assets to leaders (8.4.3.3). Division, Corps and Army Assets are units, such as cavalry units, artillery or sapper units, which may be assigned to subordinate leaders. Hereafter they may be simply referred to as Assets.

7.1.3 Maneuver Unit (MU) Creation Phase: Command Points (CPs) are spent to create Maneuver Units (8.4). For every CP a side has, it may create one MU. Sides alternate creating MUs, with the side with the most CPs going first. In the event of a tie roll the dice to determine who goes first. As each MU is created, the leader of the MU is marked with a MU marker and the duplicate chit of this MU marker (with the same number) placed into the draw cup.

7.1.3.1 Light Cavalry Initiative: After all CP's have been spent by both sides, light cavalry leaders who are eligible may roll for initiative (8.5).

7.1.4 Action Chits: After all MU markers that can be created for both sides have been placed into the draw cup, all Action chits are also placed into the cup.

7.2 Maneuver Segment. Players alternate drawing chits from the draw cup. Chits are drawn randomly. If the chit drawn is a MU then the MU it represents becomes active and all parts of it may move at this time. If the chit drawn from the draw cup is an Action chit, then all actions particular to that chit are executed. No further chits are drawn from the cup until all activity associated with the current chit, or in the case of an active MU, all units and leaders belonging to that MU's movement, cease. As leaders move flip them to their specific side to indicate they have moved this turn. When the draw cup is empty the Maneuver Segment ends.

7.2.1 At the end of the Maneuver Segment flip all leaders that moved back to their general side.

7.3 Fire Combat Segment. All units that can conduct a Fire Attack and that have a target within their Line of Sight and Range, now fire. Artillery units must be unlimbered in order to make a Fire Attack. All Fire Attacks are considered simultaneous, and as such, losses incurred due to fire combat do not affect the unit's ability to return fire in the same segment at the strength with which it began the segment.

7.4 Assault Segment. Assaults are resolved. The side with the most Assaut Markers currently marking Assaults on the game map resolves an Assault first, thereafter Assaults are resolved alternating side to side. In the event of a tie roll the dice to determine who goes first. As Assaults are resolved the Assaut Markers are removed. When all Assaults have been resolved, the Assault Segment ends.

7.5 Reorganization Segment

7.5.1 Recovery from Disorder: Units in Disorder that are not adjacent to enemy combat units make Morale Checks to recover Good Order (20.2).

7.5.2 Recovery from PGD: Units in Plus Grand Désordre (PGD) may possibly be compelled to Rout or attempt to recover Good Order (20.2).

7.5.3 Morale Level Determination: Morale Levels are determined every hour in the Reorganization Segment of the :40 turn (20.3).

7.5.4 Cavalry Readiness Recovery: Exhausted cavalry, which do not have a Charge marker, may possibly recover Readiness at this time (19.13).

7.5.5 Administrative March Completion: Remove any Administrative March MU (8.7) markers which are already flipped over. MUs making an Administrative March whose leader reached the destination hex this turn, now flip their MU markers over.

7.5.6 House Keeping

Charge Markers: Remove Charge markers from units.
Leaders: Flip leaders who have moved back to their general side.
Prone Markers: Remove flipped Prone Markers from units which stood up during the Maneuver Segment.

7.6 Turn Adjustment Segment. After the preceding segment has been completed the game turn ends. Advance the Passage of Time Recorder. If this is the last turn of the game, victory is determined at this time and a winner declared.

8.0 Command

The command system consists of three components: leaders, Command Points (CPs) and Maneuver Units (MUs). In short, leaders command the MUs purchased with the CPs awarded in the Command Segment. Maneuver Units are not a representation of command. They are an abstract means by which movement is randomized. Command Points are a representation of an army's ability to effectively maneuver in the face of the enemy. The more leaders on the field of battle with rank sufficient to impel the men to Maneuver, the better able that army will be to act decisively. The Organizational Displays show the command structure of each army on the field.

8.1 Leaders. Leaders represent the leader himself plus any attendant staff which accompanies him.

8.1.1 Stacking: Leaders themselves do not have a stacking value and any number may stack in a hex. When stacked with a leader, all units in the hex benefit from the leader's bonuses. Leader bonuses are in effect at all times. For instance, a stack that is PGD and containing a leader involuntarily moves through a hex containing a friendly unit in Good Order. For that brief moment, when the stacking violation Morale Check is made, the units in Good Order in the hex benefit from the leader's Morale Bonus.

8.1.2 Movement: When a leader completes his movement flip the counter over to its specific side indicating the leader may not voluntarily move again this turn. When the Reorganization Segment is over flip all these leader counters back to their general side.

8.1.3 Line of Sight: Unaccompanied by units, leaders never block LOS.

8.1.4 Capture: Leaders never in any way inhibit the movement of friendly or enemy combat units. If enemy units enter its hex the leader will "fly" to the nearest hex containing a friendly unit (just pick him up and move him there). Leaders can only be captured when the units they are stacked with surrender (a DS result on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart), or are reduced to zero increments, or are forced to Rout while the hex they are in is completely surrounded by enemy units, or an enemy unit enters the leader's hex while the hex they are in is completely surrounded by enemy units. Leaders may move through hexes solely occupied by enemy leaders. However, they may not stop in these hexes.

8.1.5 Leaders and Movement with Other Units: Leaders may assume the Movement Potential of the units they are stacked with as long as they began the segment stacked with that unit. Regardless of the difference between the unit's and the leader's natural Movement Potential, a leader may accompany that unit for the duration of its Maneuver.

8.1.6 Leaders and Rout Movement: Leaders which are stacked with units who become PGD must accompany those units the instant they conduct their Rout movement and must remain with them throughout the first turn of Rout movement. On subsequent turns the Leader may move away from the PGD units during the Leader Action Chit.

8.1.7 Multiple Leaders in a Hex: When more than one leader is in the hex the highest ranking leader is in command (rank as in their relative position in the chain of command). The leader in command of the hex is the one whose bonuses must be used. If multiple leaders are in the hex and have the same rank then the owning player may decide whose bonuses are used. Consult the Organizational Display for the bureaucratic relationship of each leader.

8.2 Leader Casualties. Leaders may never be the targets of Assault, Mêlée or Fire Attacks. They are "inadvertently" wounded or killed as a result of combat that they are involved in. Whenever a natural (unmodified) 64, 65, 66 is rolled on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart, or a 65 or 66 is rolled on the Combat à Feu Chart, and there is a leader stacked with units in the target hex, or an 11 or 12 is rolled on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart and there is a leader stacked with the Assaulting units, there is a leader casualty. The owning player rolls one die and consults the Leader Casualty Chart.

8.2.1 Random Selection: If there is more than one leader in a hex, fate must choose between one and the other. Roll the dice to choose.

8.2.2 Mortal Wounds: If a leader is mortally wounded, all units in the hex must make a Morale Check subtracting the leader's Morale Bonus. In other words, his bonus lessens the chances the unit will pass rather than improves it. Units make this Morale Check the moment the casualty occurs and apply its result immediately.

EXCEPTION: Leaders with negative Morale modifiers do not add their Morale modifier to the die roll. Consider their Morale modifier to be 0.

8.2.3 Recovery from Wounds: Wounded leaders should be removed from the map and placed on the Passage of Time Recorder. They return to the field of battle at a friendly depot hex when the Reinforcement Action chit is activated, and the term of their recovery has expired.

8.2.4 Replacement Leaders: When a leader becomes a casualty or is captured and is removed from the game map, his place in the chain of command may be taken by any other Aide de Camp. When the casualty occurs identify the replacement leader. The replacement leader moves to assume his new command (8.2.5.3).

8.2.4.1 Step Down: If there are no replacement leaders available for divisional/brigade leaders removed from the game, then the corps leader from the corps to which that division/brigade belongs must step down from his corps command and assume command of that division/brigade. A leader replacement must be performed if possible instead of a "step down". After stepping down, the corps leader will function as the division/brigade leader. The side to which he belongs loses any CP which might be associated with him, and his corps can no longer be Activated (8.4.3.1) and cannot create a corps sized MU.

8.2.4.2 Step Up: If a returning leader allows one of the corps leader's subordinates to be replaced the corps leader may resume his place in the chain of command, re-establishing his corps and CP if any.

8.2.5 Leader Casualties and Command: When a leader becomes a casualty any MU Marker which may be present on the leader and its duplicate in the draw cup is removed. The MU is thus forfeit for the turn.

8.2.5.1 Loss of Command Points: When a leader becomes a casualty, or is forced to "Step Down," any Command Points associated with that leader are lost. If the leader was wounded then his Command Point will be regained the turn after the leader re-enters play. The CP can also be regained if another returning leader allows him to "Step Up" to his place in the chain of command.

8.2.5.2 Corps Disbandment: Any fallen corps leader that cannot be replaced, or is forced to "Step Down," effectively causes the disbanding of the corps he commanded, requiring any future CPs to be spent at the individual division/brigade level for the creation of MUs (i.e. they may not be Activated (8.4.3.1)). The corps can be re-established the turn after the wounded Corps leader returns or another returning leader allows him to "Step Up" to his place in the chain of command.

8.2.5.3 Re-establishing Command: Replacement leaders are enacted the moment they are needed. However, they must move to the place where they are needed. They do not automatically appear there. Replacement leaders move when the Leader Action chit is activated or with a MU if part of one. The new role of a leader must be announced to all players and recorded as such for future reference. Replacement is temporary in the case of wounded leaders who subsequently are able to return to the battlefield. In this case, the returning leader will reassume his command at the start of the turn following the one in which he stacks with the leader currently serving as his replacement.

8.3 Command Segment. During the Command Point Phase players determine the number of Command Points they have available per side. During the Command Tracing Phase, the command status of every unit and leader is determined. The status of leaders and units is either In Command or Out of Command. A unit must be In Command to form part of a Maneuver Unit (MU).

8.3.1 Command Span and Command Status: A combat unit is In Command if it is within the Command Span of its immediate superior officer. If the unit is an Asset of a superior leader it is In Command if it is within the Command Span of the subordinate leader to which it is assigned. The Command Span of division and brigade leaders is three hexes. In other words, any part of that division/brigade as defined and portrayed by the Organizational Display, that is within three hexes of the divisional/brigade leader, and is not PGD, is In Command. Any part of that division/brigade that is four or more hexes away from that leader, or in PGD, is Out of Command. The Command Span of a division or brigade leader may not be traced through a hex containing a unit of a different command.

NOTE: Assets belonging to the same superior organization, division, corps or army, do not count as units of a different command.

Division leaders are in turn In Command if they are within six hexes of their corps leaders. Corps leaders are In Command if they are within ten hexes of their army leader. In some cases there are brigade leaders which may report to a division leader, a corps leader or even an army leader. In each case the brigade leader is considered In Command if he is within the Command Span of his immediate superior. That is he is In Command if within 3, 6 or 10 hexes if his superior was a division, corps or army leader, respectively. Consult the Exclusive Rules to determine the exact Command Span of each echelon of command and the size of MUs which may be formed. Besides Command Span units meeting the requirements of being part of a March Column MU (8.6) or in a Static Position (8.8) may be In Command.

8.3.1.1 Command Rung Independence: The command status of each rung of the ladder of command is independent of the next highest rung. In other words, if combat units are within their division leader's span they are In Command, regardless of the fact that their division leader may not be In Command from his corps leader. In such a case, the division may be created as a MU, but the division may not be part of a corps level MU.

8.3.2 Command Points (CPs): Command Points are the currency by which MUs are bought. Generally, a side is awarded a CP for designated leaders presently on the field of battle. Leaders that are scheduled to arrive as reinforcements that turn do not count towards this. During the Command Point Phase, consult the Exclusive Rules to determine which leaders have CPs associated with them and the number of Command Points available. In addition to awarded CPs, designated light cavalry leaders may possibly roll for initiative (8.5) to form their own MU.

8.3.3 Purchasing Maneuver Units: A side may purchase a number of MUs equal to the number of CPs it has available to it that turn. For example, if a side has four CPs, it may create four MUs. Though CPs are affiliated with particular leaders, there is no restriction on where the CPs may be spent to create MUs. Any CP may be spent on any MU on that player's side, unless the scenario has additional restrictions.

8.4 Maneuver Units (MUs). While the physical act of moving a counter or stack of counters is merely a function of expending Movement Potential and entering hexes, moving decisively (so as to affect the enemy) is done by organizational grouping. These groupings are called Maneuver Units (MUs). MUs can be as large as a corps or as small as a leader with a single combat unit. Regardless of size, all movement of the current MU must be completed prior to moving any part of another MU. Combat units and leaders potentially belong to more than one MU. For instance, in the French army a combat unit belongs to a division as well as a corps, each of which could constitute MUs in a single turn. However, in the resolution of the movement within a particular turn a combat unit may voluntarily move only once, and thus only be part of a single MU.

EXAMPLE: The French player has designated both the Center Wing and Foy's Division of that wing as MUs in the hopes that by putting both chits in the draw cup he increases the likelihood one will be pulled prior to an Allied chit. The chit for Foy's division is pulled first. Its movement is summarily executed. Later that turn the chit for the Center Wing is pulled. Foy's division may not move again. Conversely, had the chit for the Center Wing been pulled first and Foy's division been moved as part of that MU, the chit for Foy's division remaining in the draw cup would thereafter be a dud, the division having already moved that turn.

8.4.1.1 Maneuver Unit Assignment: During the MU Creation Phase of the Command Segment, players spend their Command Points (CPs) creating MUs. Sides alternate creating MUs, with the side with the most CPs going first. In the event of a tie, roll the dice to determine who goes first. As each CP is spent a MU marker is placed upon a grouping the player wishes to move that turn. After designating the MU on the battlefield, the duplicate of this marker is placed into the draw cup. After all CP's have been spent by both sides, light cavalry leaders who are eligible may roll for initiative (8.5).

8.4.2 What Constitutes a MU: Any leader on the game map can constitute a MU. Expanding the size of this most basic MU is a function of Command Span and hierarchy (chain of command). For instance, if the leader is a division leader then any parts of that leader's division that are within his Command Span may also be part of that MU. If the leader is an Activated corps leader (8.4.3.1) then any division leaders belonging to that corps within the leader's Command Span are part of the MU as well as any combat units within the respective Command Spans of those leaders, and, the ADC for that corps and any units stacked with the ADC (8.4.3.2). Attached Assets that are In Command may be part of the MU (8.4.3.3). In general, the largest MU that may be created is a corps. The Exclusive Rules may have additional restrictions.

8.4.3 Size of a MU: Command only affects the size of a MU. In other words, one is to envision leaders that receive a Command Point (thus generating their MU) as having received an order from general headquarters. They may move during the course of the Maneuver Segment regardless of being In or Out of Command. However, the effects of this order only extends down to the units (and/or leaders if they belong to his formation) that the leader has within his span. Therefore, if the leader was an Activated corps commander, the MU he could generate could include every part of his corps (division leaders, his ADC, his corps assets, his attached cavalry unit, and all units belonging to these leaders, if within their respective Command Spans, as well as any army level assets within the Command Span of one of his subordinate leaders), as long as all of it was In Command. However, wherever the break in this "chain" of command occurs, those parts directly beneath the break are Out of Command and may not be part of that MU. Conversely, a corps whose component divisions are not placed In Command by the corps leader could still form MUs in a turn by spending as many CPs as needed, if available, to create separate MUs for the different pieces. In this case all of the corps could move and fight in a turn, but at great cost in CPs, and under separate, and unpredictable, chit pulls. A MU can be as small as a single leader and a single unit stacked with him, activated by a CP.

COMMAND EXAMPLE: Suppose one side has two complete corps on the board, with three divisions in each corps. The army leader is present with an aide-de-camp, and this aide just happens to be stacked with a limbered artillery unit. This army gets three command points. We can therefore create three MUs. In the present situation Corps B can afford to sit tight this turn, but Corps A needs to maneuver. Unfortunately, the army leader is too far away from the Corps A leader and so Corps A is not Activated. Each division of Corps A can be a separate MU for this turn with the expenditure of all 3 CPs. Since all the CPs have been expended, Corps B's units cannot be assigned to any MU, so they can't maneuver or assault normally. The aide-de-camp is not going to move, and neither will the artillery stacked with him. The next turn, there are again three MUs to create. Let's say the leader of Corps B is stacked with the army leader (being Activated as a result of this), but only two of his division leaders are in his Command Span. One MU can be created with the two divisions of his corps that are In Command with the expenditure of a single CP. There are two CPs left. They can be assigned to any of the remaining divisional leaders, even the one outside of the Command Span of his corps leader, or to the aide-de-camp stacked with the battery.

8.4.3.1 Corps Activation: A corps-sized MU may only be created if the corps leader has been Activated. For a leader of a corps to be Activated, the army leader must begin the Command Segment stacked in the same hex with the corps leader. On subsequent turns, the corps leader remains Activated if he remains within the Command Span of the army leader. If, at the beginning of the Command Segment, the corps leader is Out of Command, the corps leader is no longer Active and will need to be Activated again. A corps leader which is Activated is marked with a Corps Activation Marker.

8.4.3.2 ADCs of the Corps and the Army Staff: ADCs are treated as Assets. These leaders do not have formations that they command, and therefore, they do not have a Command Span. They may create a MU of any stack that consists of units of the same formation as the leader. In addition they may be part of a MU of the leader to which the ADC was attached if the ADC is In Command of that leader.

EXAMPLE: An Army ADC attached to a Corps leader is stacked with a cavalry unit of a Brigade leader subordinate to the Corps leader. The ADC and cavalry unit are Out of Command with respect to the subordinate Brigade leader, but are In Command with respect to the Corps leader. If the Corps leader forms a MU the ADC and cavalry unit stacked with him may form part of that MU.

8.4.3.3 Assets – Division, Corps and Army: A Division, Corps or Army leader may have units directly attached to him and not to a subordinate leader. These assets may be assigned to subordinate leaders during the Command Segment. Assets which are in the Command Span of a subordinate leader, may be part of a MU formed by that leader. Army Assets may be assigned to any subordinate leader in the same army. Corps assets may be assigned to any subordinate leader in the same Corps. Division assets may be assigned to any subordinate leader in the same Division. Assets, which are Out of Command, may be assigned to a subordinate leader, in which case, they may Regroup towards their assigned leader.

EXCEPTION: Only horse artillery and cavalry units from Corps or Army Assets may be attached to cavalry brigades, cavalry divisions or cavalry corps.

8.4.3.4 Units Pinned by Assault Markers: When a unit is targeted by an Assaut Marker it is Out of Command and may not be part of a Maneuver Unit. If the leader that defines a MU is in a hex that is the target of an Assault, the units he is stacked with may not move. However, since he (being a leader) is not restricted by enemy Zones of Influence, he may move, as may other parts of that MU. Units which are the target of an Assault may not move during the Regroup Chit.

8.4.3.5 MUs are as Constituted When Drawn: When a MU chit is pulled from the cup or when the Regroup Chit is pulled, In Command status is determined a second time. This is because of the randomness of drawing from the cup and the fact that some units may not be there any longer; practice having overtaken theory in the guise of enemy cavalry Charges, cannonballs and general mayhem.

8.4.4 Order of Unit Actions within a MU: Some MUs will consist of infantry, cavalry and artillery. Combat units within a MU may be moved in any order the moving player wishes.

8.5 Light Cavalry Initiative MU. Commanders of light cavalry may generate their own CP/MU if they pass an initiative check during the Command Segment. Light cavalry leaders eligible to generate CPs through initiative are listed in the Exclusive Rules.

8.5.1.1 Initiative Check Procedure: After all CPs have been generated and spent on MUs during the Command Segment a player declares he is checking the initiative of a light cavalry leader. The initiative of a light cavalry leader is his cavalry Mêlée Bonus. This bonus, regardless of what is printed on the back of the cavalry leader counter, may never exceed five or be less than one. A leader with no cavalry Mêlée Bonus has an initiative of one. A single die is rolled and the leader passes this check if the die results in a roll equal to or less than his initiative. Mark him with a new MU counter and toss its duplicate into the draw cup.

8.5.1.2 Restrictions:

Light cavalry leaders which are part of a division or corps may not check for initiative if within the Command Span of their immediate superior.
The initiative of a light cavalry leader may not be checked until all CPs from a side have been spent creating MUs. If a CP has already been spent on a particular light cavalry unit, a second MU marker may not be placed on him by checking for initiative.
A light cavalry division leader may check for initiative and if he passes may form a MU of all of his units, his brigade leaders that are In Command and their units that are In Command.
Replacement leaders may check for initiative if the leader they replaced was eligible to check for initiative.
Horse artillery which are part of the leader's command will also be included in the MU if within his Command Span.
Horse artillery and other light cavalry Assets (8.4.3.3) may be attached to light cavalry leaders. Other types of units may not be attached.

8.6 March Column MU. Units which are part of the same command (and any attached units) may form a March Column MU, the purpose of which is to allow a group of units to remain In Command while on the march. The leader of the MU must be stacked with the leading unit of the March Column MU. Units are In Command if they form a contiguous block or chain of units in Road Column or they conform to the conditions of Uncoiling, Coiling or Reinforcements as below. A March Column MU may not contain units that are not part of the same command. That is, a March Column MU of a brigade must consist of units of the same brigade and divisions must consist of units of the same division.

EXCEPTION: Assets may be attached to the March Column and interspersed in the March Column.

8.6.1 Corps: Corps-sized March Column MUs may be created provided that:

each division/brigade of the column conforms to the above points
the corps is Activated
corps-sized MUs are allowed by the Exclusive Rules

8.6.2 Uncoiling: Units at the end of the MU, which have not managed to form Road Column are In Command if they are adjacent to another unit of the MU that is In Command. In Command status may be propagated along a path of such adjacent units.

8.6.3 Coiling: Units still in Road Column at the tail of a March Column MU, but outside of their leader's Command Span are still In Command if they are adjacent to a unit who is within their leader's Command Span. Units trailing a unit satisfying the above condition and the conditions of a March Column MU are also still In Command, even if the leader is no longer at the front of the March Column MU.

8.6.4 Reinforcements: Reinforcements that are still off the map are eligible to form part of the March Column MU.

8.7 Administrative March MU. An Administrative March (AM) order allows a MU to move to a specified location over multiple turns without the expenditure of additional Command Points or using the Regroup procedure. During the MU Creation Phase of the Command Segment, an Administrative March MU may be created costing one Command Point. Reinforcements may be given an AM order at no cost in CPs at the moment they enter the map. Assets attached to the MU must remain with the MU for the duration of the AM. The AM can be a March Column MU. Units conducting AM move when the Regroup chit is pulled.

NOTE: Kedging occurs when a leader moves away from the units under his command during the Leader Chit and his units follow him during the Regroup Chit.

8.7.1 Orders Procedure: A MU marker is placed in the hex marking the destination of the AM. The duplicate MU marker is placed on the leader of the formation performing the march. The destination hex must be either a hex within the Command Span of a superior leader who is in the leader of the MU's chain of command or the destination hex must be a designated Terminus Hex (8.10.6), or any road/trail hex on the shortest route or routes in hexes (regardless of terrain) between them. For example, a destination hex for a division leader must be within either his Corps commander's or his Army leader's Command Span, but not necessarily both. For Reinforcements whose superior leader is not yet on the map, the destination hex may be a Terminus Hex. Players may voluntarily cancel an AM and perhaps specify a new destination hex, by expending another CP.

8.7.2 March Procedure: AM MUs move during the Regroup Chit. The destination hex marks the location to which the leader of the MU must move. Once the leader has arrived at the destination hex, he stops and moves no further until the AM is complete or cancelled. During the turn in which the leader reaches the destination hex, the units of the MU may expend any remaining movement points to adjust their position and formation. Leave the MU marker in place. During the Reorganization Segment of the current turn flip the MU marker over. During the Regroup Chit of the following turn, the units receive a final turn of movement to adjust their position and formation. During the Reorganization Segment remove any MU markers which have been flipped over. The AM is complete.

8.7.3 Restrictions:

During AM, units of the MU may not voluntarily move so as to place themselves Out of Command in the next Command Segment.
When marching to a destination hex, units must move as directly as possible deviating from their path only to move around obstacles (i.e. other units, impassible or General Order terrain) or to remain on a trail or road.
The AM is immediately canceled when enemy units are within 10 hexes of any part of the marching MU.

EXCEPTION: Limbered Artillery and PGD units do not cancel the AM.

8.8 Static Position MU. A Static Position is defined by a geographic area as specified in the Exclusive Rules. Units assigned to a Static Position are considered In Command if they remain within its boundaries. A CP does not need to be expended to form a Static Position MU.

8.8.1 Assigning Units: Units are assigned to Static Positions by scenario rules. Units assigned to a Static Position remain assigned to it until it is dissolved.

8.8.2 Dissolving the Static Position: The Static Position is dissolved when all units assigned to it leave the Static Position voluntarily or involuntarily. Units that were part of a dissolved Static Position revert to the command of their leader as shown on the Organization Display.

8.8.3 Maneuver: Units assigned to the Static Position move during the Regroup Chit. They may perform all activities that units which are part of a regular MU may do. They may voluntarily leave the Static Position even to Assault or Charge units outside of the Static Position, but like units leaving the Command Span of a Regular MU will be Out of Command until they return to the Static Position.

8.8.4 Regroup: Units that leave the Static Position may Regroup back to the Static Position in the same manner a unit would seek to re-enter the Command Span of its leader. When regrouping the units stop moving as soon as they enter the Static Position's boundaries.

8.9 Action Chits. There are four Action chits in the game. These are tossed into the draw cup during the Command Segment. When drawn during the Maneuver Segment the actions they represent are immediately resolved. The side whose player drew the chit from the cup moves first. The Artillery fire chit is considered simultaneous.

8.9.1 The Leader Chit: When this chit is drawn, all leaders which have not yet moved this turn and are not currently part of a MU may move. Leaders that move at this time may not move again as part of a MU later in the Maneuver Segment. When a leader is moved, upon completion of this movement, his counter is flipped over to its specific side indicating that the counter has moved in this Maneuver Segment.

8.9.1.1 Headquarters Escorts: Some units in a scenario may be designated as Headquarters or Leader Escorts. Escorts, which begin the Leader Chit stacked with or within one hex of their escorted leader, may move and act at this time as if they were part of a MU. If the owning player chooses, Escorts may be treated as Army Assets (8.4.3.3) and, during the Command Segment, may be assigned to another leader of the same army.

8.9.2 Regroup Chit: Units that are Out of Command and not adjacent to an enemy unit may move so as to place themselves In Command, or to close the distance separating themselves from their immediate superior leader. Assets which were assigned to a leader and are not In Command may Regroup towards their assigned leader. Reinforcements may Regroup towards a Terminus (8.10.6). Units conducting an Administrative March (8.7) or are part of a Static Position (8.8) move at this time as well.

8.9.2.1 Restrictions:

Units that move to Regroup may not Assault or Charge an enemy unit.
They may not move adjacent to an enemy unit.
They must cease moving the moment they enter the Command Span of their leader. They must move in as direct a fashion to their leader as possible. Where possible they will move in a straight line.
Units in General Order may move into a non-General Order terrain hex and enter Column formation where they may be subject to Opportunity Reactions due to the formation change.
Units in General Order terrain which move directly to another General Order terrain hex cease their movement after moving only one hex.
Units may only change formation, to exit General Order, or to enter General Order and thereby cease moving, or to enter or exit Road Column or to Limber if unlimbered artillery.
Units that move during this Action chit may be Opportunity Charged.

8.9.2.2 In Command Units: During the Regroup Chit units that are not part of any MU and are not in an enemy Zone of Influence, but are In Command may change stacking order, facing and formation.

8.9.3 Artillery Chit: When this chit is drawn Unlimbered artillery may fire. As in the Fire Segment, all fire is considered simultaneous. Unlimbered artillery stacked with infantry, and on top, may fire, but the infantry may not fire.

8.9.4 Reinforcement Chit: All units and leaders currently scheduled to enter this turn enter the map from their specified entry hexes. Units entering as reinforcements may enter as an Administrative March MU (8.7).

8.10 Reinforcements. Reinforcements are only considered reinforcements the turn they enter the game map.

8.10.1 Entry: Although the scenarios give the specific area where reinforcements must enter, each unit entering may enter the map up to half their Movement Potential in hexes on either side of the named road or trail that runs off the map in that area.

EXAMPLE: A unit with a Movement Potential of six could enter at a specific road hex actually on that road hex, or within three hexes of that road hex, either left or right of it on the map edge.

8.10.2 Map Edge: Players should not treat the map edges as the end of the world, but imagine instead that the terrain, road or trail continues beyond them in identical fashion, and that units that enter in Road Column are deployed off map on this imaginary extension. Therefore, units that enter behind other units on a road must take into account the MPs they have already expended reaching the map edge, as measured by the units that entered in front of them this turn.

8.10.3 Actions: Infantry that enters as a reinforcement may Assault the turn they enter. Cavalry that enters as a reinforcement may Charge that turn. Artillery that enters must enter Limbered.

8.10.4 March Column MU (8.6): Units which did not have enough MPs to enter the map on the current turn are considered to still be In Command if their leader forms a MU and may enter the map when their MU chit is pulled. Otherwise, they may enter during subsequent Reinforcement chits.

8.10.5 Administrative March: All units that enter the map as reinforcements may freely receive an Administrative March order (8.7).

8.10.6 Terminus Hex: At the beginning of a game the owning player may designate a Terminus Hex for each Reinforcement entry location. The Terminus must be a named location on a road or trail that leads to the entry hex. The turn following their entry, reinforcements may use the Regroup procedure with the Terminus acting as if it was the unit's immediate superior. Units are not required to Regroup toward the Terminus and may instead Regroup toward their immediate superior.

NOTE: In some scenarios the Terminus Hex may be specified by scenario rules.

9.0 Facing

All combat units in Good Order have a specific facing. Units in Column, General Order or Road Column are oriented so that the top of the counter is facing a hexside. Units in Line or Skirmish Order face towards the point of a hex formed by two hexsides (the vertex of two adjacent hexes). Units in Disorder, Plus Grand Disorder or Square have all around facing.

9.1 General Rule

9.1.1 All counters in a hex must face in the same direction. The top combat unit in the hex determines the facing of all combat units beneath it if the stack is arranged ambiguously. Units oriented ambiguously on the game map are to be considered in Column formation.

9.1.2 Changing Facing: A combat unit may only voluntarily change facing during the Maneuver Segment, and only if it is part of a MU that is currently moving or it is moving because of the Regroup or Reinforcement Action chits. Units may change facing any number of hexsides without expending any MPs.

9.1.3 Facing, Movement and Combat: A combat unit may only enter, Charge, fire upon, or Assault through its front hexsides.

10.0 Zones of Influence

10.1 General Rule. Combat units, except units in Road Column, PGD and Limbered artillery units, exert a Zone of Influence (ZoI) into the hexes immediately adjacent to its front hexsides.

NOTE: Zones of Influence should not be confused with Opportunity Charge Zones (19.14.2), though they are similar.

10.1.1 Terrain: Zones of Influence do not extend into terrain that mandates General Order for formed units. They do not extend into hexes or across hexsides which the units exerting the Zone of Influence are prohibited from entering or crossing. Consult the Exclusive Rules for information regarding terrain.

NOTE: The term formed units consists of infantry or cavalry units in Line, Column, or in the case of infantry, Square. And the term General Order terrain refers to terrain that requires formed units to enter General Order formation. Artillery is not technically formed, but still enters General Order when entering such terrain if allowed to enter by the Exclusive Rules.

10.1.2 Infantry and Artillery: Infantry and artillery units must stop when they enter an enemy Zone of Influence.

10.1.3 Cavalry: Cavalry units must stop when they enter a Zone of Influence of enemy Cavalry.

10.1.4 Leaders: Leaders do not exert a Zone of Influence. Leaders do not have to stop when entering an enemy Zone of Influence. They may move through and exit any number of enemy Zones of Influence during movement, limited only by their Movement Potential.

10.1.5 Opportunity Reactions: The term Opportunity Reactions includes Opportunity Fire and Opportunity Charge. Combat units expending MPs, including formation changes, within a Zone of Influence may incur Opportunity Reactions. Voluntarily exiting a Zone of Influence may trigger Opportunity Reactions. Involuntary movement such as Rout, Recoil or Cavalry Bounce Movement or recovery from Disorder or PGD does not trigger Opportunity Reactions. Leaders expending MPs in an enemy Zone of Influence do not trigger Opportunity Reactions. The Opportunity Reaction occurs prior to the moving unit completing the action that triggered the reaction, except as noted below. For instance, a unit changing formation would be fired upon in its old formation, or a unit exiting a Zone of Influence would be fired on while still in that Zone of Influence.

NOTE: Moving into a Zone of Influence does not trigger Opportunity Reactions, since the MP was expended prior to entering the hex. Moving into an Opportunity Charge Zone may trigger an Opportunity Charge if the reacting player wishes to attempt one.

10.1.5.1 Opportunity Reactions When Joining Friendly Units: When moving units join friendly units in a hex, Opportunity Reactions, triggered by actions in the hex the moving units are joining, occur after the moving units join the stationary units and after they change formation to match the stationary units.

10.1.5.2 Multiple Triggers or Reactions: If the action requires the expense of several MPs in a single hex (such as cavalry changing formation) only a single Opportunity Reaction is triggered, not one for each expended MP. However, several actions will trigger several Opportunity Reactions. If multiple types of Opportunity Reactions occur Opportunity Fires are conducted first and then Opportunity Charges.

10.1.6 Infantry and Artillery Exiting a Zone of Influence: Infantry and artillery units may attempt to exit an enemy Zone of Influence by passing a Morale Check. If this check is successful, it may leave the Zone of Influence and move (triggering Opportunity Reactions if appropriate). Units which fail this check Disorder and may not move. An already disordered unit which fails this check will Rout.

EXCEPTION: Certain units may leave a ZoI if they are eligible to Retreat Before Assault (16.3) or Charge (19.4) without making a Morale Check.

10.1.6.1 Leaving an enemy Zone of Influence may only be attempted as the very first action in a unit's movement. That is, a moving unit may not move into an enemy Zone of Influence and then attempt to exit it. However, they may exit a Zone of Influence during their movement in the Maneuver Segment, and perhaps again for a Retreat before Charge, and perhaps again for a Retreat before Assault, since these are all considered to be separate movements.

10.1.6.2 Artillery units may not move directly from one enemy Zone of Influence into another. Infantry units may not move directly from one enemy Zone of Influence into another except as a result of Advance after Assault.

10.1.7 Cavalry Exiting a Zone of Influence: Cavalry units may voluntarily exit any number of Zones of Influence of any enemy artillery and infantry units possibly triggering Opportunity Fire. Cavalry may voluntarily exit the Zone of Influence of enemy cavalry only if it is the very first action in the unit's movement. Movement during the Maneuver Segment, Cavalry Regroup (19.1.1 Step 4) and Retreat Before Charge (19.5) are considered to be separate movements and as such cavalry may exit a Zone of Influence of enemy cavalry as its first action in each of those activities.

10.1.7.1 Cavalry units may not move directly from one enemy Cavalry Zone of Influence into another Cavalry Zone of Influence except as a result of Advance after Charge.

10.1.8 Retreat Before Assault/Retreat Before Charge: Friendly units negate enemy Zones of Influence, in the friendly unit's hex, when units Retreat Before Assault (16.3) or Retreat Before Charge (19.4, 19.5) from an adjacent hex into a friendly unit's hex.

10.1.9 Retreating Through Zones of Influence: Combat units that perform Involuntary Movement, including Rout, Recoil (16.7.1), or Cavalry Bounce (19.9.2) Movement, from an enemy Zone of Influence lose one Increment per stack for each such hex exited. This loss only occurs as the unit or stack exits the hex. Several enemy stacks projecting Zones of Influence into the same hex do not increase this loss beyond one Increment per stack, per each hex exited.

10.1.9.1 Retreating Through Friendly Units: The presence of friendly units negates an enemy Zone of Influence if the friendly units retreat through them.

11.0 Stacking

There is a limit to the forces that a player may concentrate in a single hex. See the Stacking Chart.

11.1 General Rule. The stacking limit varies according to terrain and formation. Be painfully aware that stacking restrictions apply during movement. Leaders, ADCs, and informational markers do not have a stacking value and therefore do not count towards the stacking limit of a hex.

11.1.1 Terrain: The maximum number of Increments that are permitted in a hex is given in the Stacking Chart. Where the number is followed with an organizational term, such as "six, or one battalion," indicates that up to six Increments may stack in the hex, or one battalion of any number of Increments greater than six.

11.1.1.1 Artillery Stacked with Infantry: When stacked with infantry one Increment of artillery is equal to six Increments of infantry towards the stacking limit.

11.1.2 Formation: At the end of movement, all units in a hex must be in the same formation as determined by the top unit in a stack. Units joining a stack must conform to the formation of the top unit in the stack and must pay the formation change cost when entering the hex. This is not a free formation change.

Infantry and cavalry units may never voluntarily stack together.
Cavalry and artillery units may never voluntarily stack together.
Units in Skirmish Order may not stack with any other Combat units which are not themselves in Skirmish Order. Units that are not in PGD may freely pass through units in Skirmish Order and units in Skirmish Order may, likewise, pass through other units that are not in PGD without violating stacking restrictions, but neither may end their movement stacked.
Units in Good Order which voluntarily end their movement stacked with units in Disorder, or the reverse situation, automatically become disordered and a stacking violation is not triggered.
Units in Good Order may pass through units in Disorder without becoming disordered. Units in Disorder may pass through units in Good Order without disordering the Good Order units.
Units in PGD may rout through friendly units, but will cause a stacking violation. Consult the Stacking Violations Chart.
Friendly units may never stack with enemy units.

11.1.3 Command: Units that stack without a leader in the hex suffer a -3 modifier to Morale Checks for each combat unit in the hex over the first.

EXCEPTION: Infantry units smaller than a battalion and cavalry units smaller than a regiment are not counted when determining this modifier. The size of the unit is determined by its tactical organization (i.e. the number of dots above the unit symbol denoting company, squadron, battalion or regiment) and not the number of Increments it currently possesses.

EXAMPLE: A stack of three battalion size units without a leader in the hex would have a Morale Check modifier of -6. A stack of two half battalions (wings) and a light company would not suffer an additional negative modifier.

11.1.4 Violating Stacking Limits: Players may not voluntarily move combat units such that stacking limits would be violated. However, this is not to say that combat units may not violate stacking limits in the course of executing Involuntary Movement. Whenever stacking limits are violated, either by exceeding the stacking limits or by creating an illegal stack as defined in 11.1.2, consult the Stacking Violation Results Chart. All units in the hex which did not automatically Rout must make a Morale Check. After all units have taken their Morale Check, passing, Disordering or Routing as the case may be, if the hex still violates stacking rules, units must be displaced so that the units remaining in the hex no longer violate stacking rules.

11.1.5 Displacement: Displacement may occur because of a stacking violation due to Involuntary Movement including Rout movement, Cavalry Bounce movement and Recoil, or because a stacking violation occurred due to Advance after Assault or Charge. Displacement allows the stacking in the hex to be corrected so that it conforms to the stacking limit. The priority in which units are displaced is determined by the most recent unit to enter the hex, or, the unit not in Good Order (if Good Order units are stacked with units in Disorder or PGD), or the unit in the worst order (PGD being worse than Disorder). Displaced units follow the retreat priorities (13.2.4) when displacing. Displaced units keep the same facing and formation they had before they were displaced. Displaced units may cause a stacking violation in the hexes they are displaced to. Treat this as a new stacking violation and if displacement is required they are displaced again as the most recent units to enter the hex.

11.1.5.1 Opportunity Reactions: Displacement may trigger Opportunity Reactions.

11.1.6 Minimum Stacking Limits: Some formations require a minimum number of Increments before that formation can be formed.

11.2 Stacking Order. The top combat unit in a stack is considered the unit in front. Whenever another unit joins a stack, or enters a hex with another unit to form a stack, the unit that is moving is placed at the bottom of the stack. The combat unit at the bottom of the stack is considered at the rear of the formation. This has tactical significance in that the topmost combat unit will affect the morale of the entire stack (20.1.1), and it will suffer the most casualties (17.1). Unlimbered artillery that is stacked with infantry and is not on top of the stack will not be able to fire (18.5.1).

11.2.1 Changing Stacking Order: Units may freely change their stacking order only if they are eligible to move voluntarily. All units in a stack must be eligible to move voluntarily in order to change stacking order. Changing stacking order does not trigger Opportunity Reactions.

12.0 Tactical Organizations

In addition to facing, combat units on the game map must have specific Presentation and Formation as well.

12.1 Presentation. In those cases where a combat unit is presented by battalions in the counter-mix as well as by regiment, only one or the other may appear on the game map. If the battalions of the unit are on the game map, then the regiment counter must be occupying the space provided for it on the Organizational Display, or vice versa.

12.1.1 Voluntary Unit Breakdown and Reform: Combat units may only voluntarily breakdown and reform when they are active during the Maneuver Segment. The cost to breakdown or reform is the same as for a formation change (e.g. one MP for infantry). Stacking limits for the hex may be temporarily violated as long as the stacking limit is adhered to at the end of the unit's movement. In other words, they may only violate the stacking limit of the hex if they have Movement Potential remaining to them while the other battalions move to join them. When a regiment breaks down the battalions must have enough Movement Potential to separate, if the stacking limit is exceeded.

12.1.2 Involuntary Breakdown: Infantry units may be forced to break down from regiments to battalions as a result of losses. Whenever a regimental counter reaches 50% in losses, it must break down. This breakdown is done immediately. Play is suspended until the regiment is broken down. This breakdown does not cost MPs.

12.1.2.1 Breaking down is not a free deployment for these units. They must maintain the same facing and formation they had immediately prior to breaking down.

12.1.3 Opportunity Reactions: Voluntary Breakdown may trigger Opportunity Reactions. When a regiment is forced to breakdown due to losses it is considered Involuntary Movement and does not trigger Opportunity Reactions.

12.1.4 Breakdown and Losses: Whenever a regimental counter breaks down into its battalions, any losses accrued up until the moment of breakdown must be apportioned as equally as possible between the battalions. If losses cannot be apportioned equally, then losses are distributed starting with the oldest numbered battalion on down (the first battalion is always older than the second battalion, etc.).

12.2 Formations. Combat units must have a specific formation while on the game map. The formation of a unit is how it is deployed for combat and Maneuver. The terrain type in the hex may limit the kind of formation deployed therein.

12.2.1 Voluntary Formations: Voluntary Formations are ones that a player may impose on his units. These cost MPs to employ. Because these cost MPs, they may only be changed during the Maneuver Segment when the unit is active.

EXCEPTION: Units may form Square when the opponent is moving (19.7).

Whenever a combat unit makes a voluntary change in formation or Presentation, it must spend MPs in accordance with the Formation Change Cost Chart. Voluntary formation changes may trigger Opportunity Reactions. This Opportunity Reaction will take place prior to the change in formation.

EXCEPTION: When units join a hex containing friendly units the formation change, required to conform to the units already in the hex, occurs first.

12.2.2 Involuntary Formations: Involuntary Formations are ones that result from play. Disorder and PGD are involuntary formations which occur as a results of a Morale Check or due to combat. When a unit is neither in Disorder nor in PGD, it is said to be in "Good Order." General Order is an involuntary formation which a unit automatically enters upon moving into certain terrain types. Consult the Terrain Effects and Fire Defense Charts. These do not cost MPs to employ and do not trigger Opportunity Reactions.

Voluntary Formations: Column, Line, Square (Carré), Skirmish (Tirailleur), Road Column, Limbered (artillery), Unlimbered (artillery) — units in these formations are automatically in Good Order as well.

Involuntary Formations: General Order, Disorder (Désordre), Plus Grand Désordre (PGD).

NOTE: Artillery is always either Limbered or Unlimbered regardless of the state of the formation which can be Good Order, Disorder or in the case of Limbered artillery PGD.

12.2.3 Formation Change and Terrain: Combat units that must change their formation due to terrain they enter during movement pay the cost of the formation change in addition to the cost of the hex they enter.

EXCEPTION: Units that enter terrain that requires General Order only pay the terrain cost, in that it does not cost MPs to enter General Order.

12.2.4 Formation Change and Facing: When a combat unit (or stack) makes a formation change the owning player may freely orient the counter (or stack of counters) in any manner he chooses within the hex, as long as all rules concerning the new formation (and stacking) are followed.

12.3 Column. Column may only be formed in clear or other terrain as allowed in the Exclusive Rules.

12.3.1 Facing: A combat unit in Column formation faces a hexside. It has three front, two flank and one rear hexside.

12.3.2 Maneuver: Infantry units in Column expend MPs to enter hexes based on the cost of the terrain shown on the Movement Chart.

12.3.3 Combat: Infantry units in Column fire with the Fire Value printed on the specific side of their counter. Only the top combat unit of a stack of units in Column may fire. When an infantry unit in Column has been reduced by losses to a single Increment the unit conducts fire combat at one-half of this printed value (17.2.1). All Mêlée Values of units in the hex are totaled for attack and defense. Cavalry does not fire, it Charges instead.

12.4 Line. Line may only be formed in clear or other terrain as allowed in the Exclusive Rules.

12.4.1 Facing: When a combat unit is in Line formation, it faces the hex vertex (or point). A unit in line has two front, two flank, and two rear hexsides.

12.4.2 Maneuver: Infantry units deployed in Line pay the cost of the terrain plus one (+1) MP per hex entered. Cavalry deployed in Line pays the normal cost for entering a hex as shown on the Movement Chart.

EXAMPLE: An infantry unit that marches three hexes in Line expends six MPs assuming the cost of the terrain entered was 1 MP. Cavalry would pay one MP per hex of clear terrain entered.

12.4.2.1 Old Guard Infantry: Units designated as Old Guard only pay (+1) MP for every other hex entered when in Line formation.

EXAMPLE: An Old Guard Infantry unit that moves five hexes in Line in clear terrain will spend seven MPs doing so.

12.4.3 Combat: Infantry units in Line fire by Increment and not their printed Fire Value. Up to four Increments may fire from a single hex. When infantry in Line fire, consult the Fire Effects Chart and locate the Fire Multiple for the type of unit firing. The number of Increments firing times this multiple equals the Fire Value of the attack.

EXAMPLE: Three Increments of French line infantry times a Fire Multiple of three yields a Fire Attack of nine.

Regardless of the number of Increments in Line, the maximum that may fire from the hex is four. Cavalry does not fire, it Charges and Mêlées instead. All Mêlée Values of units in the hex are totaled for attack and defense.

12.4.4 Line and Refused Flanks: The hex-grid overlaid on the game map can force a string of units in Line formation to artificially present an exposed flank. A flank hex is considered Refused as long as it is also a front hex of an adjacent combat unit also in Line formation. Hexes at the end of a series of combat units in Line cannot be Refused, only the hexsides within the Line of contiguous units. Refused Flanks are in all aspects treated as front hexsides.

12.5 General Order. General Order is an involuntary formation that is automatically assumed by infantry in Line, Column or Square, cavalry in Line or Column and Limbered artillery when they enter certain terrain. Refer to the Fire Defense Chart and the Exclusive Rules to see exactly which terrain causes a unit to assume General Order. There is no informational marker indicating General Order.

EXCEPTION: Units in Road Column, Disorder or PGD do not enter General Order when entering these hexes. However, if they voluntarily come out of Road Column, or recover Good Order in these hexes, they automatically assume General Order.

12.5.1 Facing: A unit in General Order has its counter facing a hexside. It has five front hexsides and one rear hexside to its immediate rear.

12.5.2 Maneuver: Combat units in General Order expend MPs to enter hexes based on the cost of the terrain shown on the Movement Chart. A combat unit that moves from clear terrain (or any terrain that does not mandate General Order) to a hex requiring General Order automatically assumes General Order at no cost in Movement Potential other than the normal cost to enter the hex. Infantry and cavalry units in General Order that move to terrain that does not require General Order may assume any voluntary formation upon entering the new hex but must pay the MP cost of the formation change as well as the MP cost of that hex. If they cannot pay for the entire cost immediately upon entering the hex, they may not enter the hex. Limbered artillery pays only the MP cost to enter the hex and not for a formation change.

EXAMPLE: An infantry battalion in General Order moves from woods into clear. It costs 2 MPs to move into the hex: one to enter the hex and one more for the formation change.

12.5.3 General Order and Combat for Infantry and Artillery: Only the top combat unit in a stack of units in General Order may fire. Units in General Order use the Fire Value printed on the specific side of their counter. When an infantry unit in General Order has been reduced by losses to a single Increment the unit conducts fire combat at one-half of this printed value (17.2.1). All Mêlée Values of units in the hex are totaled for attack and defense while in General Order.

EXCEPTION: Units in Special Structures may only count six increments of their Mêlée Value (16.6.1.1).

12.5.4 General Order and Combat for Cavalry: While in General Order, or when Charging units in General Order, cavalry units multiply their Mêlée Value by ½. Cavalry units may not initiate any type of Charge while in General Order.

12.5.5 Opportunity Reactions: When a unit not in Skirmish Order and in Good Order exits General Order Terrain it must assume another formation. If this formation change takes place in an enemy Zone of Influence infantry units are assumed to be in Column, cavalry units are assumed to be in Line. Artillery must be Limbered to exit General Order terrain (18.2.1). Units which exit General Order terrain may not attempt to form Square if they are Opportunity Charged. They must attempt to Stand vs. Charge.

12.6 Road Column. Whenever a unit is in Road Column in a road or trail hex, it is considered physically on the road itself (or trail) regardless of the other type of terrain that may be in the hex. Road Column is not restricted to roads/trails. A Road Column marker is provided in the counter-mix to designate units that are in Road Column.

12.6.1 Facing: A unit in Road Column has one front hex (its immediate front) and one rear hex (its immediate rear). All of the remaining surrounding hexes are flank hexes. A unit in Road Column does not have a Zone of Influence.

12.6.2 Stacking: No more than a single combat unit counter may occupy a hex when using Road Column. A combat unit must be broken down into its smallest Presentation in order to use Road Column.

12.6.3 Maneuver: Units in Road Column pay the movement cost for Road or Trail for each hex they enter that is contiguous with the road or trail hex they exit. All other terrain costs for the hex they enter, or hexside they cross while entering the hex, are ignored.

12.6.4 Combat: Units in Road Column may not make Fire Attacks nor may they Assault or Charge. The Fire Defense of a unit in Road Column is the same as a Column. Units in Road Column which are assaulted automatically Rout. Units in Road Column which are charged by cavalry automatically Rout and may be Pursued (19.11).

12.6.5 Morale: Whenever a unit in Road Column makes a Morale Check it modifies its dice roll by -12 (for the worse) in addition to any other modifiers.

12.7 Square (en Carré). Square may only be formed in clear or other terrain as allowed in the Exclusive Rules.

12.7.1 Facing: Squares have six front hexsides. Because Squares have all-around facing, they have a Zone of Influence in each of the six hexes adjacent to them.

12.7.2 Maneuver: Because a Square has all-around facing it may move in any direction. Infantry units in Square pay the cost of the terrain plus one (+1) MP per hex entered. Squares may not move into hexes containing terrain that prohibits a unit from forming Square within them.

12.7.3 Minimum Stacking Requirement: To form Square requires a minimum of three Increments of infantry. Artillery in the hex does not count towards this minimum. If at any time, the number of Increments of infantry in the hex involuntarily drops below three, all units in the hex Disorder at that instant.

12.7.4 Fire Combat: Infantry units in Square fire by Increment and not their printed Fire Value. Artillery uses its printed Fire Value. Up to 9 Increments of infantry, in addition to any artillery in the hex, may fire from a Square. Squares may conduct up to three Fire Attacks into any three non-contiguous adjacent hexes during the Fire Combat Segment. If artillery is in the Square, the artillery only, may also fire using the same pattern during the Artillery Action Chit.

EXAMPLE: A unit in Square may make Fire Attacks against enemy units occupying three hexes belonging to the angles of a triangle formed around it, or against units occupying the three hexes on the sides of the triangle. Or it may make one attack against a unit in an angle and the side not adjacent to that angle, or vice versa.

When units in Square fire:

Total up to 9 Increments of infantry in the hex and multiply this number by the Fire Multiple found on the Fire Effects Chart.

NOTE: If units with different Fire Multiples were stacked together in Square, each value would be arrived at separately and then added together.

Add to this the printed Fire Value of any artillery stacked in the Square. The artillery must be on the top of the stack in order to fire. Apply Point Blank Range modifiers (18.6.1).
Once this total is achieved divide it by three. This result will be the value of each Fire Attack.

12.7.5 Assault/Charge: All Mêlée Values of units in the hex are totaled for attack and defense.

12.7.5.1 Cavalry that Mêlée a Square have their Mêlée Value multiplied by ½.

12.7.5.2 Infantry that Assault a Square have their Mêlée Value multiplied by 3/2. Units that defend against units assaulting in Square do not modify their Mêlée Value in this way.

12.7.6 Squares and Morale: Regardless of any other conditions that may affect units in Square, their Morale Check dice roll will always be improved by 6 just for being in Square.

EXCEPTION: Units attempting to Roll to Close do not improve their Morale for being in Square.

12.8 Skirmish (Tirailleur) Order. Only certain infantry may enter Skirmish Order. Infantry units with a Range, possibly accompanied by a cornet, on its specific side, have the potential to deploy as skirmishers. No informational marker is used to designate units in Skirmisher Order; instead the counters are deployed flipped over on the game map with their specific side up.

12.8.1 Facing: Units in Skirmish Order always face a hex vertex. A unit in Skirmish Order has four front hexsides and two flank hexsides (no rear hexsides).

12.8.2 Maneuver: Infantry battalions and regiments always use the Infantry column of the Movement Chart regardless of their formation. Infantry companies in Skirmish Order use the Infantry Skirmisher Company column.

12.8.2.1 Stacking: Skirmishers may voluntarily move through, or Retreat Before Assault/Charge through hexes containing other friendly units, which are not in PGD, without violating stacking restrictions. Hexes containing skirmishers may be retreated or moved through by friendly units, which are not in PGD, without violating stacking restrictions (11.1.2).

12.8.3 Skirmishers and Zone of Influence: The Zone of Influence for infantry skirmishers is restricted to adjacent front hexes even though they have a fire Range of two.

12.8.4 Skirmishers and Assault: Infantry deployed as Skirmishers may be able to Retreat Before Assault (16.3). If a valid path of retreat is available, they must Retreat Before Assault when assaulted by units not in Skirmish Order. They may, at the owning player's discretion, attempt to Retreat Before Assault or Roll to Stand when assaulted exclusively by Skirmishers.

12.8.4.1 Infantry in Skirmish Order have their Mêlée Value multiplied by ½.

12.8.5 Skirmishers and Charges: When charging cavalry targets infantry in Skirmish Order, they may attempt to Retreat Before Charge (19.4). Otherwise, they may not Stand in the face of a Charge, but Rout when the cavalry moves adjacent and may be Pursued (19.11).

12.8.6 Skirmishers and Fire Combat: Infantry units in Skirmish Order fire by increment. Up to three increments may fire from a single hex. Only infantry with a Range of "2" printed on their counter may enter Skirmish Order. As this implies, when they initiate fire combat they may fire at target hexes two hexes away. They may only make a Fire Attack at targets two hexes away when deployed in Skirmish Order. However, the Fire Value of Fire Attacks made at a two-hex distance is halved (x ½) unless the firing unit is armed with rifles. See the Exclusive Rules for which units are armed with rifles.

12.9 Disorder (Désordre). Units may be in Disorder in any type of terrain. Disorder is an Involuntary Formation. Whenever a unit becomes disordered it is considered an involuntary formation change and does not trigger Opportunity Reactions.

12.9.1 Facing: When a combat unit is in Disorder, it has all-around facing; that is, it has six front hexsides.

12.9.2 Maneuver: Combat units in Disorder halve the Movement Potential printed on the general side of their counter. Units Disordered in the course of their movement have the remainder of their movement allowance halved. Because they have six front hexsides they may move in any direction, and pay MPs per hex entered or hexsides crossed as given on the Movement Chart for the type of unit corresponding to infantry, cavalry or artillery.

12.9.3 Combat: Infantry and artillery units in Disorder fire at half the printed value stated on the specific side of their counter. When an infantry unit in Disorder has been reduced by losses to a single Increment the unit conducts fire combat at one-half of this printed value (17.2.1) which is halved again for Disorder. Only the top counter in a stack of Disordered infantry may fire. Units in Disorder may Assault. Disordered units halve their Mêlée Value. Disordered cavalry may not initiate a Charge, but if they became Disordered during the course of the Charge, they continue their Charge in that reduced state.

12.9.4 Morale: Units in Disorder always modify their Morale Check dice roll -3 (for the worse), in addition to any other modifiers.

12.9.5 A unit in Disorder remains in Disorder until either:

It Disorders again. In other words, through combat (or whatever) it fails a Morale Check or receives a result that would cause a unit already in Disorder to Disorder again. A second Disorder causes the unit to Rout (PGD) instead, or;
It receives an AR or DR result on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart.
If it passes a Morale Check and thereby recovers Good Order during the Reorganization Segment.

12.10 Plus Grand Désordre (PGD). Units may be in PGD in any type of terrain. PGD is an Involuntary Formation. Whenever a unit becomes PGD this is considered an involuntary formation change and does not trigger Opportunity Reactions.

12.10.1 Facing: Like units in Disorder, units in PGD have all-around facing. However, units in PGD do not have a Zone of Influence.

12.10.2 Maneuver: Rout or Routing are terms that describe the type of movement done by units in PGD. The moment a unit enters PGD it Routs away from the event as in 13.2.4. Units in PGD may only move at the moment of their becoming PGD, or when they execute Rout as a result of Mêlée or during the Reorganization Segment. Units in PGD never move voluntarily, nor can they change formation except when they recover Good Order. When a unit in PGD moves, its Movement Potential is one and one-half (3/2) times its movement rate printed on the general side of the unit counter. Units in PGD must expend as much of their Movement Potential as possible to place themselves at least 15 hexes away from the nearest enemy unit (13.2).

12.10.3 Combat: Units in PGD may not make Fire Attacks nor may they Assault or Charge. They never Roll To Stand. They always Rout when Assaulted. When the target of a Charge follow the Cavalry Charge vs. PGD Mêlée Procedure (19.1.4).

12.10.4 Morale: Units in PGD have their Morale Check dice roll modified by -6 (for the worse), in addition to any other modifiers. The only time they make a Morale Check is when they attempt to recover Good Order during the Reorganization Segment.

12.11 British Prone. During the Maneuver Segment, any active British or KGL infantry unit not in an enemy Zone of Influence may elect to go Prone, or stand up, as part of its movement. They may also go Prone, or stand up, during the Regroup Chit under the provisions of the Stacking, Facing and Formation clause of the Regroup Chit rule. Prone units are marked with a Prone informational Marker.

12.11.1 Maneuver: There is no movement point cost for going Prone or standing (that is removing the Prone Marker). However, to go Prone a unit must have Movement Potential remaining. Units may not stand up and go Prone again in the same Maneuver Segment. Flip the Prone Marker over to indicate they have stood up this turn. Prone units may not move, change stacking order, change facing, nor change formation. To do any of these things they must first stand.

12.11.2 Terrain: Units may only go Prone if in Clear, Farmettes & Houses, or Cultivated Ground hexes.

12.11.3 Stacking: The maximum stacking for a hex with a Prone Marker is one battalion (and its light company). A mixed stack of British and/or KGL and non-British units may not go Prone, nor may a stack of infantry and artillery go Prone. A stack may not contain a mix of Prone and standing units.

EXCEPTION: If a unit stands to leave the hex, units staying in the hex may remain Prone.

12.11.4 Formation: Units may be in any voluntary formation except Road Column while, or prior to going Prone. A Prone unit which enters Disorder or PGD formation stands and removes its Prone marker. Units maintain their current formation and facing when standing or going Prone.

12.11.5 Line of Sight: Prone units do not block Line of Sight. Even so, friendly units may not fire over Prone units.

12.11.6 Fire Combat: Prone units may not fire. Only artillery and Skirmishers (infantry and cavalry) may fire on Prone units. Prone units behind hedgerow or wall hexsides or in cultivated ground hexes are not seen (and may not be targeted) by enemy units that execute Fire Attacks. Prone units have their Fire Defense value improved by two (+2) in all other types of terrain.

12.11.7 Assault: When assaulted, Prone units receive a +3 modifier to all their Roll to Stand dice roll. Units assaulting Prone units have a –6 modifier to their Roll to Close dice roll. Prone units that stand in face of an Assault must remove their Prone Marker just prior to the Offensive and Defensive Fire step (they must stand to fire effectively), this means that they will not get the +2 modifier to their Fire Defense value in this step because they are now standing.

12.11.8 Charge: Prone units in the Charge Zone of enemy active cavalry may exercise the same options as non-Prone units, (i.e. forming Square) but must first remove the Prone Marker. Prone units that stand versus Charge remove their Prone Marker just prior to the Defensive Fire step (they must stand to fire effectively).

13.0 Movement

The physical act of moving on the battlefield is a function of the printed Movement Potential of the unit or leader, formation, Zones of Influence and the cost of the hex entered or hexside crossed.

13.1 General Rule. When a chit for a MU is pulled, the owning player may move as many or as few units, which constitute the MU, as desired. Similarly, when an Action Chit is pulled the owning player may move as many or as few of his units which are eligible to move during the Action Chit. Units may move as many or as few hexes as desired within the unit's Movement Potential, subject to terrain, Zones of Influence and formation change costs. During this time the non-phasing player may only move his units as a reaction to friendly activity as in 13.1.8.

13.1.1 Movement Potential: All combat units and leaders have Movement Potential (the bottom right hand number on the general side of their counter) expressed in terms of Movement Points (MPs) which is based on unit type and formation as given on the Movement Chart. These MPs are expended as the counter moves from hex to hex, or changes formation or Presentation within the hex. Maintain a running count of Movement Potential as movement points are expended. All hexes have a cost in MPs that varies according to the terrain represented within them. Some hexsides may also have a cost in MPs that will be in addition to the cost of the hex entered. Unspent MPs may not be saved from turn to turn, nor may they be transferred to other counters. Units must follow the hex grid and may not skip hexes.

13.1.1.1 Rounding: Often a unit's MP is modified due to formation (e.g. Disorder or PGD) or other condition (e.g. Exhausted). When modifying MP round any resulting fractions to the nearest integer with ½ rounding to the next highest integer.

EXAMPLE: 5 1/3 rounds to 5. 6 ½ rounds to 7. 5 2/3 rounds to 6.

13.1.2 Movement Chart: Infantry battalions and regiments always use the Infantry column of the Movement Chart regardless of their formation. Infantry companies in Skirmish Order use the Infantry Skirmisher Company column. Cavalry always uses the Cavalry column. Limbered artillery always uses the Artillery column. Leaders use the Leaders column.

13.1.3 Stacking: Units are moved individually or in stacks. Stacking rules are in force during movement of any kind (11.0). A player must complete the movement of a unit or stack before another's movement can begin.

EXCEPTION: Leaders may move to another hex and accompany these units (13.1.3.3).

13.1.3.1 The Movement Potential of a stack is the lowest Movement Potential of any unit in the stack.

EXCEPTION: Leaders may, if they wish, assume the MP of the stack regardless of the leader's MP (8.1.5).

13.1.3.2 To enter a hex, a stack must pay the highest movement cost of any of its constituent units.

13.1.3.3 Picking Up Units: Combat units may not pick up other units as they move.

EXCEPTION: Leaders may move to a hex containing combat units and, if they then move with those units, must accompany the units for the duration of their movement.

13.1.3.4 Dropping Off Units: A stack may drop off units as it moves. Units which are dropped off may not voluntarily move any further during that segment.

13.1.4 Enemy Units: Units may not enter the hexes of enemy combat units. Units may enter a hex occupied only by enemy leaders (8.1.4).

13.1.5 Zones of Influence: Infantry and artillery units stop moving when they enter any enemy Zone of Influence (10.1.2). Cavalry units stop moving when they enter the Zone of Influence of enemy cavalry (10.1.3).

13.1.6 Facing: Combat units voluntarily move only through their front hexsides into adjacent front hexes. Leaders do not have facing, per se, and may therefore move in any direction.

13.1.7 Terrain Effects on Movement: As per the Movement Chart, each hex and hexside feature costs MPs to enter or cross. A unit must pay the entire cost of entering a hex before entry.

13.1.7.1 Prohibited Terrain: Units may not enter or cross prohibited hexes and hexsides.

13.1.7.2 Roads and Trails: The Road or Trail movement cost may only be used by units in Road Column. To use Road or Trail movement costs units in Road Column must enter a hex via a Road or Trail hexside.

13.1.8 Restrictions: During the Maneuver Segment, until a unit belonging to a MU is activated (through the drawing of the MU from the cup) it may not voluntarily expend MPs except in the cases listed below:

Opportunity Charge (if formed cavalry).
Retreat before a Charge (if infantry in Skirmish Order or if light cavalry charged by heavy cavalry).
Form Square if within 4 hexes of active enemy cavalry.
Cavalry Regroup or Pursuit.
Conduct Reinforcement, Regroup or Leader Chit activities.

13.2 Involuntary Movement. Involuntary Movement takes place as the result of a Mêlée or Fire Attack that requires one side to Rout or Recoil (16.7.1), whether as the consequence of a DR or AR on the Mêlée Chart or a second Disorder occurring from a failed Morale Check or an AD# or DD# on the Mêlée Chart. Cavalry Bounce is also considered Involuntary Movement (19.9.2). The moment a unit Bounces, Recoils or becomes PGD and executes Rout movement this movement is considered involuntary and does not trigger Opportunity Reactions regardless of its movement taking it through the Zones of Influence of enemy units.

13.2.1 All MP costs are in effect when a unit conducts Bounce or Rout Movement. When a unit Recoils, it retreats the indicated number hexes regardless of MP costs, but is not allowed to violate the retreat rules below and is subject to the Path of Retreat requirements. Infantry units which Rout use the MP costs for infantry. Cavalry units which Bounce or Rout use the MP costs for cavalry. Limbered artillery units which Rout use the MP costs for artillery.

13.2.2 Retreating units cannot retreat through enemy combat units. They may retreat through enemy leaders who are alone in the hex.

13.2.3 Retreating units may not enter terrain they are prohibited from entering.

13.2.4 Path of Retreat: Units conducting Involuntary Movement must follow a path of retreat as follows. When a unit conducts Involuntary Movement (Rout, Recoil or Bounce) each hex entered must be one hex further from the nearest enemy unit, if possible. If not possible the owning player chooses the hex to be entered. Retreating units are not allowed to enter the same hex twice. If unable to do so the retreating units surrender and are removed from play.

13.2.5 Involuntary Movement During the Reorganization Segment: Units already in PGD may not voluntarily move during the Maneuver Segment. During the Reorganization Segment units in PGD that are not stacked with a leader automatically Rout if they are less than 15 hexes from any enemy unit in Good Order. PGD units that are stacked with a leader and are not adjacent to an enemy unit may attempt to recover (20.2). Units that Rout during the Reorganization Segment must continue to move away from the nearest enemy combat units.

13.2.6 Seeking Cover: Upon reaching a distance of 15 hexes from enemy units, PGD units will seek the nearest non-clear terrain (e.g. any type of town or structure, woods, marsh or cultivated) that is also at least 15 hexes away from all enemy units and must use the remainder of their Rout Movement Potential attempting to achieve this. Stacking rules still apply. Once PGD units reach cover they will Rout again if at the beginning of the Reorganization Segment an enemy unit in Good Order is again within 15 hexes.

13.2.7 Routing Off the Map: Combat units that Rout off the map are considered destroyed and are returned to the Organizational Display flipped to their specific side. Leaders that Rout off the map return as a reinforcement during the Reinforcement Chit of the following turn. The returning leader enters on the map edge within 15 hexes of any friendly depot.

14.0 Line of Sight (LOS)

If a combat unit can see another combat unit then it is considered to have a Line of Sight (LOS) to that combat unit, and vice versa.

14.1 General Rule. A Line of Sight stretches from the center of the firing hex to the center of the target hex (use a length of string or a transparent ruler to determine this). A combat unit always has a LOS to an adjacent hex. A LOS to a combat unit is required in order to:

Fire on the combat unit.
Declare the combat unit to be a target of a Charge.
Reactively form Square if an infantry unit within 4 hexes of active enemy cavalry.

14.1.1 Blocking LOS: If any of the following interferes with the path of hexes necessary for establishing a LOS to an enemy unit, then the LOS is not established.

Any terrain listed as blocking LOS in the Exclusive Rules.
Slope hexsides (14.2).
Combat units not Prone, not in Square nor in Skirmish Order.

EXCEPTION: A unit to which LOS is blocked cannot itself block LOS.

14.1.2 Firing Through Combat Units: Combat units may never fire through other combat units friendly or otherwise even if a LOS does pass through them.

14.1.3 Firing Over Combat Units: Combat units may never fire over friendly combat units, but may fire over enemy combat units under the conditions of Elevation.

14.1.4 LOS and Hexsides: If the LOS passes precisely along a hexside with blocking terrain or units then the LOS is blocked.

14.2 Elevation. A slope hexside represents mild undulations of terrain and not cliff sides or mountains. A slope hexside, thus, represents no more than the passage from lower to higher ground or vice versa.

14.2.1 When a LOS crosses slope hexsides it may be blocked by the changing elevation. If the firing combat unit and target combat unit are on different elevations and there is potential blocking terrain or combat units, as listed in 14.1.1, between them, the LOS is clear only if the intervening obstacle is closer to the higher combat unit.

14.2.2 A combat unit always has a LOS to an adjacent hex regardless of elevation.

15.0 Fire (Feu)

15.1 General Rule. Fire is directed against a hex, not a particular combat unit. Basically, fire combat is resolved by comparing the fire factors of all units attacking a given hex, to the terrain of the target hex, and the formation of the unit deployed in that hex, rolling the dice and locating the result of the Fire Combat Chart. There are three types of Fire Attacks; Fire Combat, Opportunity Fire and Offensive/Defensive Fire during the Assault Segment.

15.2 Fire Defense. The Fire Defense of a hex is determined by:

The target type of the combat unit (infantry, cavalry or artillery), and;
The formation the unit is in (Line, Column, Square, Skirmish Order, etc.), and;
The terrain of the target hex (clear, woods, town, etc.).

To best determine Fire Defense locate these in the order given above. Fire Defense may also be affected by the orientation of the counter within the hex (i.e., whether or not the attack is in enfilade to the target), and the size of the target (density being increased with a greater number of men/Increments in the hex). These and other modifiers are summarized in the Fire Effects and Fire Defense Charts.

15.3 Fire Value. The Fire Value of an infantry unit is determined by its

Nationality (not side)
The type of troops they are (line, light, jäger, schützen, chasseur, guard, fusilier, grenadier, etc.).
The tactical formation it is in (Line, Column, Skirmish Order, etc.).
In some cases the number of men firing (how many Increments in the case of units in Line, Square, and Skirmish Order, but not in Column, General Order or Disorder).

Cross-reference these variables on the Fire Effects Chart. The result is a Fire Multiple (x2 for instance) or a result stating "printed." This Fire Multiple times the number of Increments firing is the Fire Value of the attacking unit. A result of "printed" is the Fire Value printed on the specific side of the unit counter. This number is the Fire Value of units firing from Column, General Order or Disorder. Fire modifiers are cumulative (e.g. units in Disorder that Opportunity Fire have their Fire Value quartered.)

EXAMPLE: Assume there are three Increments of French Légère in Skirmish Order. Cross-referencing the French Légère row with the Skirmish Order formation column on the Fire Effects Chart indicates a Fire Multiple of x3. They thus have a Fire Value of nine (3x3=9). If they were in Column formation, their Fire Value would be their "printed" value of eight.

15.4 Executing Fire Combat. The total Fire Value of all units firing at the target hex is divided by the Fire Defense of the hex. This resulting number is expressed as odds. Round down to the lower odds.

EXAMPLE: If the Fire Value were 18 and Fire Defense 7, the result would be 2.57:1. Dropping the remaining fraction, the closest odds column to this number on the Fire Combat Chart is 2.5:1. Roll the dice. This result is modified if any Fire Combat modifiers apply and then located on the 2.5:1 odds column.

A unit may be fired on any number of times within a single turn; it could receive Opportunity Fire while it is moving or it could receive Defensive Fire during a cavalry Charge; it could be fired on during the Artillery Action chit; it could be fired on during the Fire Segment, it could be fired on during the Assault Segment by Offensive or Defensive Fire.

15.4.1 One Target Hex, One Attack: A hex may be the intentional target of a Fire Attack only once in the Fire Segment.

15.4.2 Combining Fire: A hex may be fired on by several different units from diverse hexes, as long as each firing unit has a LOS to the target hex, and all Fire Attack values are totaled into one attack.

15.4.3 Minimum Odds Requirement: Fire Attacks at odds of less than 1:3 may not be made. Fire Attacks at odds of greater than 10:1 are treated as 10:1 attacks.

15.5 Fire Combat (Combat à Feu). Exchanging fire occurs during the Fire Segment, Assault Segment and during the Artillery Action chit whenever it is pulled during the Maneuver Segment (in this case, however, it is just an exchange of artillery fires). Fire combat is treated as if it occurs simultaneously. A combat unit fires with the strength (and facing/formation) with which it began the Fire Segment, temporarily disregarding losses it may have incurred previously in that same Fire Segment as well as mandatory formation changes, Disorder or Rout results called for as a result of such losses.

15.5.1 Arc of Fire: Combat units may only fire through their front facing and must have a LOS to targets that are not adjacent to them. Any target hex within the range of the firing unit may be fired on.

EXCEPTION: All units must fire on an adjacent unit if possible, regardless of a more "opportune" target somewhere else.

15.5.2 One Fire Attack Per Firing Hex: A hex may fire only once during the Fire Segment.

EXCEPTION: Units in Square (12.7.4).

15.5.3 Assaulting Infantry: Assaulting infantry and their targets do not perform Fire Combat during the Fire Segment. Instead they conduct Offensive and Defensive Fire during the Assault Segment.

15.6 Opportunity Fire (Feu de Chance). Opportunity Fire occurs whenever a unit expends MPs in or exits an enemy infantry or artillery Zone of Influence (10.1.5). Any number of stacks may perform Opportunity Fire upon a single stack in a hex that is in the Zone of Influence of all of them, and like Fire Attacks, all the fire strengths must be combined into a single Fire Value. All Opportunity Fires are conducted at ½ (one-half) strength.

15.6.1 Stacking: When a moving unit is temporarily stacked with another unit and Opportunity Fire is triggered, use the Fire Defense of the moving unit to determine the odds. The moving unit takes all losses caused by the Fire Attack.

15.7 Massed Targets (Target Density). Any target hex that contains more than nine Increments is a massed target. Although artillery Increments are equal to six times their worth in infantry Increments for stacking purposes, they do not count the same for target density (18.3). Dice rolls for Fire Attacks on massed targets are modified by the Fire Chart Dice Roll Modifiers Chart.

EXAMPLE: A target hex containing 16 Increments would modify its Fire Attack dice roll by +12.

15.7.1 Target Density Effects: To reflect the advantage of enfilade attacks, modify the Fire Defense of the hex as follows:

Enfilade: Whenever a unit in Line is fired upon through its flank hexside, the Fire Defense of the hex is treated the same as if the unit were in Column. Firing through a flank hexside is treated as enfilade fire even when in combination with units firing through its front and/or rear hexsides. If the fire is coincident with a hex spine it is not considered enfilade fire.
Doubled Files: Whenever a hex contains more than six Increments of units in Line, its Fire Defense is that of a Column.
Large Square: Whenever a hex contains a Square of more than nine Increments, its Fire Defense is four.
Artillery: When unlimbered artillery and infantry are stacked together use the row on the Fire Defense Chart for Artillery w/Infantry. In this case artillery takes the even numbered losses and infantry the odd (17.1.1.1).

16.0 Assault

During Assault players determine the willingness of their units to close with the enemy (the Assault procedure). Only infantry units may Assault. Cavalry units Charge instead, but may be assaulted. Artillery may never Assault, but may be assaulted.

DESIGNER'S NOTE: Mêlée should not necessarily be interpreted as hand to hand combat with the bayonet. Instead it should be more liberally interpreted as close combat under 100 yards where the intent is to close with the enemy, albeit more or less successfully.

16.1 General Rule. During the Maneuver Segment, units that wish to Assault declare their intention to do so and indicate their target. At the time the Assault is declared mark the assaulting units with an Assaut Marker and place a Number Marker beneath the Assaut Marker indicating the Roll to Close distance (16.4). The Roll to Close distance is the number of hexes between the assaulting units and the nearest enemy combat unit inclusive of the enemy's hex, but not the hex of the assaulting units. After the Assaut Marker is placed, the assaulting units move adjacent to their target, expending MPs as necessary, and the Assaut Marker is adjusted with the arrows indicating the target. If the assaulting units have insufficient MPs to reach a hex adjacent to their intended target they become disordered and the Assault is cancelled. Remove the Assault and distance marker. There is no further effect if they were already in Disorder. During the Assault Segment each Infantry Assault is resolved to completion one at time. The player with the most Assaults chooses first. Players alternate choosing the next Assault thereafter. In the event of a tie roll the dice to determine who goes first.

16.1.1 Assault and Mêlée Procedure: The following is the detailed procedure for resolving assaults, players should refer to it while resolving assaults and follow the steps in their proper sequence as numbered below. Doing so will help answer many questions.

Automatic Advance:
- a. Mayhem (16.2.5): If the target hex was vacated prior to the resolution of this Assault, assaulting units must advance into the vacated hex. They may immediately declare an Assault on any units in its front hexsides (16.3.8). If a new Assault is not declared the Assault is finished, proceed to Step 5.
- b. Units which are PGD (12.10.3) or in Road Column (12.6.4) Rout. After the units Rout, if no targets remain proceed to Step 4.
Retreat Before Assault (16.3): Units that are eligible to Retreat Before Assault do so now. Retreat Before Assault may trigger Opportunity Reactions.
- British and KGL light companies may execute a special Fire Attack as a "parting shot" (16.3.9).
- Assaulting units must advance into the vacated hex and may immediately declare an Assault on any units in its front hexsides (16.3.8). If a new Assault is not declared the Assault is finished, proceed to Step 5.
Assault Resolution:
- a. Roll to Close (16.4) and Roll to Stand (16.5): Each assaulting and defending stack takes a Morale Check. Assaulting units check first. If all assaulting units fail their Roll to Close defending units must still Roll to Stand, but they do not Disorder if they fail. The dice roll simply becomes a check to see if the units delivered effective fire. Consult the Roll to Close and Roll to Stand vs. Assault Modifiers Charts for adjustments to Morale Check dice rolls.
  - i. Assaulting units Roll to Close — Pass: passing stacks multiply their Offensive Fire Value by 2. Fail: failing stacks Disorder, and will Mêlée in that state, or Rout if already Disordered. If all assaulting units Rout the Assault is finished. Proceed to Step 5.
  - ii. Defending units Roll to Stand — Pass: passing stacks multiply their Defensive Fire Value by 2 and a die is rolled to determine the number of left column shifts (called Defensive Shifts) on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart (die roll 1-3 = 0 shifts, 4-5 = 1 shift, 6 = 2 shifts). Fail: Units which are not in Special Structures Disorder, or Rout if already disordered, unless all assaulting units failed their Roll to Close. If all defending units routed proceed to Step 4.
  NOTE: Assuming facing allows, defending stacks which have artillery as the top unit in the stack has its fire shifted two odds in its favor on the Fire Chart for firing canister at an adjacent target (18.6.1) in addition to any fire benefits it may receive from passing its Roll to Stand.
- b. Offensive and Defensive Fire: Attacking and Defending units simultaneously exchange Offensive and Defensive Fire. Offensive and Defensive Fire is conducted as a Fire Attack with the usual modifiers plus any modifiers obtained in Step 3a. For each casualty inflicted by Defensive Fire the Mêlée resolution die roll is modified by -6. For each casualty inflicted by Offensive Fire the Mêlée resolution die roll is modified by +6. Defending units must have an Assaulting unit in their front hexsides in order to perform Defensive Fire. If all assaulting units are eliminated by Defensive Fire the Assault is finished. Proceed to Step 5. If all defending units were eliminated by Offensive Fire proceed to Step 4.

16.2 Assault Restrictions

16.2.1 Facing: A stack may only Assault through its front facing.

16.2.2 One Target Hex: A stack may only Assault one target hex.

16.2.3 Multiple Stacks Assaulting a Target: Multiple stacks may Assault a single defending stack, but their Mêlée Values are combined into one attack and Mêlée Resolution is resolved as a single roll of the dice.

16.2.4 Stacking: A stack of assaulting units, adjacent to its target, may not contain a mix of assaulting and non-assaulting infantry units. All infantry in the hex must participate in the Assault, using the shortest Roll to Close Distance Modifier acquired by any unit in the stack. All units in a stack must Assault the same target hex.

16.2.4.1 Joining an Assaulting Stack: Additional friendly infantry units may join stacks conducting the Assault (those marked with the Assaut Marker). They may combine into a single Assaulting stack, but are not allowed to violate stacking limits. Units that join an Assaulting stack are considered in the rear of the Assault and go to the bottom of the stack.

16.2.4.2 Joining a Target Stack: During their own movement additional friendly units may join a hex which is the target of an Assault, and also become targets of the Assault.

16.2.4.3 Infantry with Artillery: When infantry which is stacked with artillery declares an Assault against an adjacent target the infantry moves to the top of the stack. The artillery does not participate in the Assault, nor may it fire now that it is not the top unit in the stack. It does, however, suffer any adverse results of the Assault. Since no MPs are expended when changing stacking order, an Opportunity Reaction is not triggered.

16.2.5 Mayhem: Assaulting units whose targets have vacated their hex prior to the Assault Segment retain their Assaut Marker and must advance into the target hex and may assault any unit in its front facing including the unit which vacated the hex. Essentially, this is treated as an Advance after Retreat Before Assault (16.3.7). The distance marker for the purposes of Roll to Close remains in place. The advance may trigger Opportunity Reactions.

16.2.5.1 Units which move into a hex which is the target of an Assault become targets of the Assault themselves, even if the target hex had been previously vacated.

16.2.6 Diverting an Assault: Remember that movement to an Assault occurs during the Maneuver Segment, whereas Rolling To Close or Stand and Mêlée occur during the Assault Segment. Therefore, it is possible that units that are marked by an Assaut Marker may be "diverted," (in turn being Assaulted, or Charged, by an enemy unit). Assaulting stacks that are Assaulted or Charged in the same turn become diverted stacks. They now become defending stacks (targets of Assault/Charge) and remove their Assaut Marker. When an Assaulting unit is diverted, remove its Assaut Marker immediately.

16.2.6.1 Diverted by Charge: Assaulting units charged by cavalry may not form Square or Retreat Before Charge, but must Roll to Stand versus Cavalry with a -12 dice roll modifier.

16.2.7 Assault and Fire Combat: Infantry units which are either conducting an Assault or are the target of an Assault do not engage in fire combat during the Fire Segment that precedes the Assault Segment. They perform Offensive and Defensive Fire during the Assault Segment instead.

16.2.7.1 Artillery as the Target: Artillery units which are the target of an Assault may fire when the Artillery Chit is pulled.

16.2.7.2 Non-assaulting Units: Units which are not assaulting and are not a target of an Assault themselves, may fire at units which are assaulting or are the target of an Assault.

16.2.7.3 Opportunity Fire: Assaulting units and their targets are not allowed to conduct Opportunity Fire.

16.2.8 Leaders: A leader, or a stack composed exclusively of leaders, may not be the target of an Assault.

16.2.9 Assault vs. Cavalry: When infantry assaults cavalry the procedure is the same as in 16.1.1 with the following exceptions. If the cavalry is unable to Retreat Before Assault, then in Step 3.a.ii they automatically Stand. However, they still roll the dice to determine if they are eligible for Defensive Shifts. If they fail, they do not receive any Defensive Shifts. If they pass, roll a die to determine the number of Defensive Shifts they receive. In Step 3.b the cavalry does not conduct Defensive Fire. Cavalry that is the target of an Assault may still Opportunity Charge. All Opportunity Charge rules apply.

16.3 Retreat Before Assault. Certain units may Retreat Before Assault (i.e., before the resolution of Mêlée). Essentially, units Retreat Before Assault instead of Rolling To Stand.

16.3.1 Which Units Are Eligible to Retreat Before Assault:

Leaders (16.3.5).
Cavalry which is not Exhausted nor PGD (16.3.4).
Infantry deployed as Skirmishers (12.8.4, 16.3.3).
Light companies, in Skirmish Order or not, may still elect to retreat, if the first hex retreated into contains its parent battalion. If it does so, it stops its retreat and assumes the parent unit's facing and formation, and is placed at the bottom of the stack (16.3.3).

16.3.2 Path of Retreat: The path of hexes followed by the retreating unit is called the Path of Retreat. Units which Retreat Before Assault expend MPs to follow the Path of Retreat, changing facing as necessary. During their retreat they may only change formation to enter General Order or to join a stack of friendly formed units in Good Order in which case they change facing and formation to match the units presently in the hex and are placed at the bottom of the stack. At the end of their retreat, they may reface. They may retreat up to their full Movement Potential, but must stop in the first hex they enter in the course of their retreat that mandates General Order for formed units. Combat units that Retreat Before Assault are not allowed to violate stacking rules in the course of their retreat.

16.3.3 Infantry: Infantry units may not retreat through enemy units nor may they retreat into enemy Zones of Influence. However, friendly units negate enemy Zones of Influence when units Retreat Before Assault into or through a friendly unit's hex (10.1.8). They may retreat through Opportunity Charge Zones, but they may trigger Opportunity Charges (19.14). If a Path of Retreat is not available the skirmishers must Roll To Stand instead with a -6 modifier for the worse.

16.3.3.1 Exhaustion: Infantry units that expend more than half of their Movement Potential conducting a Retreat Before Assault end that retreat in Disorder.

16.3.4 Cavalry: Cavalry may move through enemy infantry and artillery Zones of Influence and thus may retreat through them, but may incur Opportunity Fire. They may not retreat into enemy cavalry Zones of Influence. However, friendly units negate enemy Zones of Influence when units Retreat Before Assault into or through a friendly unit's hex (10.1.8). They may retreat through Opportunity Charge Zones, but they may trigger Opportunity Charges. If a path of retreat is not available to a cavalry unit it must Stand and Mêlée.

16.3.4.1 Exhaustion: Cavalry that expends more than half their Movement Potential conducting a Retreat Before Assault end their retreat Exhausted.

16.3.5 Leaders: Leaders may freely Retreat Before Assault through any Zone of Influence.

16.3.6 Opportunity Reactions: Units which Retreat Before Assault may trigger Opportunity Reactions, with the exception above for friendly units negating an enemy Zone of Influence. Retreating units which are Opportunity Charged, may in turn Retreat Before Charge (19.4, 19.5), providing they are eligible to do so. If retreating units are Opportunity Charged, suspend the Assault, resolve the Opportunity Charge and resume the Assault procedure.

16.3.7 Advancing After Units That Retreat Before Assault: Infantry units marked by an Assaut Marker must advance into the hex vacated by a unit that Retreats Before Assault. This advance may trigger Opportunity Reactions. Infantry units that advance after a Retreat Before Assault may not advance further than the initial hex vacated by the retreating stack. It may not alter the formation or facing it had when adjacent to the unit that retreated.

16.3.7.1 If more than one stack advances into the vacated hex and they are in different formations or are unable to form a legal stack, then those stacks Disorder after the advance.

16.3.8 Declaring a New Target: If the target hex was not in General Order terrain, advancing infantry may declare a new target for their Assault upon entering the hex. This target, however, must be in the front facing of the advancing unit, and adjacent. If the new target is not being assaulted from any other hexes, the Assault is now resolved with the new target beginning with Step 1 of the Assault and Mêlée Procedure. Otherwise, if the new target is being assaulted from other hexes it joins that Assault. The distance marker for the purposes of Roll to Close remains in place. The new target may be the same unit that had previously Retreated Before Assault if it did not retreat more than one hex.

NOTE: Under these circumstances it is possible for a hex to be assaulted more than once in the same Assault Segment.

16.3.9 British and KGL Light Companies: British or KGL Light companies, in Skirmish Order or not, that Retreat Before Assault into their parent battalion are allowed to give the assaulting units a "Parting Shot". The retreating light company may execute one Fire Attack on an assaulting stack just before executing its retreat. Furthermore if the parent battalion is subsequently the target of an Assault after the assaulting units makes its mandatory advance after Retreat Before Assault it may conduct Opportunity Fire on the advancing units.

16.4 Rolling To Close. When Rolling To Close the top infantry unit in the stack must pass a Morale Check. Each stack of assaulting units Rolls to Close separately. Consult the Roll to Close Modifiers Chart. If the top unit in the stack passes this Morale Check then it and all other units in that stack automatically pass as well and have their Offensive Fire Value doubled. If the top unit in the stack fails then all units in the stack Disorder and will conduct Defensive Fire and Mêlée in that reduced state. Units which are already disordered Rout.

16.4.1 Roll to Close Distance: The Roll to Close distance is determined at the time a stack declares its intention to Assault, or when it begins its movement. Use whichever is closer. It is the distance between the assaulting units and the nearest enemy combat unit, inclusive of the enemy's hex, but not the hex of the assaulting units. Cross-reference the distance, the nationality and the time period, with the appropriate column of the Roll to Close Modifiers Chart. If multiple units from different hexes join a stack of assaulting units use the shortest Roll to Close Distance modifier for the entire stack.

16.4.2 Methods of Attack: Different nations applied different methods of attack during the Napoleonic Wars. To determine the Roll to Close modifier locate the Method of Attack column to use by the nationality and year the scenario takes place on the Roll To Close Modifier Chart. Units using the British or Prussian method suffer an additional -6 modifier if they are in Column formation at the time the Assault is declared.

16.5 Rolling To Stand. Rolling To Stand requires the top unit in the defending stack to make a successful Morale Check using the dice roll modifiers found on the Roll To Stand Vs. Assault Modifiers Chart, and any other modifiers that may apply. If the top unit in the stack passes this Morale Check then it and all other units in that stack automatically pass as well. They are considered to be Standing in the face of an Assault. Their Defensive Fire Value is doubled and they roll a die to determine if they receive any Defensive Shifts. If the top combat unit in the stack fails this Morale Check then it and all other units in the stack automatically Disorder, or Rout if already Disordered.

16.5.1 Assault Odds: To determine the "Odds Assaulting the Target Hex" count up the number of hexes from which the attacker is launching his Assault.

EXAMPLE: If the attacker is attacking from three hexes the odds would be 3:1. The modifier yielded by the Assault Odds Morale Check Modifiers Chart is -9, which is added to any other modifiers that may pertain to the combat.

16.5.2 Cavalry: Cavalry units automatically Stand. However, they still roll the dice to determine if they are eligible for Defensive Shifts. If they fail they do not receive any Defensive Shifts. If they pass, roll a die to determine the number of Defensive Shifts they receive.

16.5.3 Special Structures: Units in Special Structures automatically Stand when assaulted. They must still roll the dice, however, to determine if they deliver effective Defensive Fire and receive any Defensive Shifts.

16.6 Mêlée. To resolve a Mêlée the sum of the Mêlée Values (printed Mêlée Values plus their modifiers) of all units in the Assaulting stack(s) are divided by the sum of the Mêlée Values of the target stack. This produces the odds ratio. Round down any fractions to conform to the nearest odds column on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart. Shift the odds left by a number of columns equal to the Defensive Shifts received, or in the case of a successful British Huzzah Charge, shift the odds right by the same number of columns. Roll the dice and locate the result in the appropriate column. The Assaulting player rolls the dice. Mêlée odds at less than 1:3 are conducted as 1:3 odds. Mêlées conducted at odds greater than 5:1 are treated as 5:1 odds.

16.6.1 Modifiers may apply to the Mêlée Values of the combat units involved (see Mêlée Modifiers For Infantry and Artillery Chart and Cavalry Mêlée Modifiers Chart). Modifiers may apply to the dice result for Offensive and Defensive Fire or if a leader is present with either the attacking or defending force.

16.6.1.1 Special Structures: Only six Increments may Assault or defend a special structure hex (e.g. walled farm, mill, chateau or fortified church). Regardless of the size of the forces, only six parts of the attacking or defending forces may be used for Assault or defense. Consult the Exclusive Rules to determine which hexes are designated as special structures.

EXAMPLE: A battalion of eight Increments and a Mêlée Value of 16 occupies the hex. If Assaulted only 6/8ths of the unit's Mêlée Value will count as the unit's defense strength (16/8 x 6 = 12).

Sapeurs increase the Assaut et Mêlée Chart odds against Special Structures by one column. The Sapeurs must be the top unit in a stack to increase the odds.

16.6.1.2 Assaults to the Flank or Rear: Infantry that Assaults an enemy unit in the flank and/or rear has its Mêlée Value doubled.

16.7 Retreat after Assault. After Assault, units may be required to retreat due to Rout or Recoil.

16.7.1 Recoil: Units which suffer an AD# or DD# result from Mêlée and did not become PGD are forced to retreat the indicated number of hexes. These units are said to be recoiling. Recoiling units must conform to the retreat priorities (13.2.4).

EXCEPTION: Units in Special Structures do not retreat due to Recoil.

16.7.2 Rout: If the Mêlée results in a DR or AR, or already disordered units suffer an AD# or DD# result, the defeated units Rout. The Routing units must conform to the retreat priorities (13.2.4).

16.7.3 Units that retreat because of Mêlée and retreat from enemy Zones of Influence lose one Increment per stack for each hex so exited (10.1.9).

16.7.4 Recoiling and Routing are considered Involuntary Movement (13.2) and do not trigger Opportunity Reactions.

16.7.5 Unlimbered artillery units that are forced to retreat due to Recoil or Rout are eliminated (18.7.3).

16.8 Advance after Assault. Assaulting units must enter the hex they contested after it is vacated as the result of a successful Assault. All units that will advance after Mêlée become disordered if they are not already Disordered. Mark the units as disordered before they advance. Units that advanced because the target stack vacated its hex before Mêlée (e.g. Disordered units failed their Roll to Stand) would have occurred do not become Disordered after advancing. The targets of an Assault do not Advance after Assault.

16.8.1 Multiple Advancing Stacks: If several units from different stacks advance into the same hex and the stacking limit for the hex is violated, sufficient units must be displaced to the hexes from which they launched their Assault until the stacking limit for that hex is satisfied (11.1.5).

16.8.1.1 Different Formations: If more than one stack advances into the same hex and the stacks are in different formations or they are unable to form a legal stack then, the combined stack Disorders, but does not Rout if already Disordered.

16.8.2 Opportunity Reactions: Advance after Assault/Mêlée may trigger Opportunity Reactions.

16.9 French Old Guard Infantry Charge. Any infantry battalions of the French Imperial Guard designated as Old Guard in the Exclusive Rules may make an Old Guard Charge. The French player must declare Old Guard Charges as such. Assaults of the Old Guard that are not declared as Old Guard Charges are resolved in the same manner as Assaults by any other unit. An Old Guard Charge is resolved during the Maneuver Segment and not in the Assault Segment. An Old Guard Charge is conducted just as a regular Assault, except in the event the Old Guard Charge is successful and the stack Advances after Assault, it may continue moving. All rules regarding Assaults apply to Old Guard Charges except where noted here.

16.9.1 Procedure: All steps as in 16.1 except as noted.

Automatic Advance: As in 16.1 Step 1.
Retreat Before Assault (16.3): As in 16.1 Step 2 except as follows. After a target stack Retreats before Assault, the charging stack may continue moving, provided they are not currently in an enemy Zone of Influence. Proceed to Step 5.
Assault Resolution: As in 16.1 Step 3.
Advance after Assault: As in 16.1 Step 4.
Old Guard Charge Exploitation: If the Old Guard units successfully advanced into the target hex they may continue moving with any MPs remaining to them, provided they are not currently in an enemy Zone of Influence. The initial hex of advance in Step 4 does not cost MPs and hence does not reduce the Old Guard unit's remaining MPs. They may declare a new Assault, even if disordered, which is resolved as a normal Assault during the Assault Segment.

16.9.2 Old Guard infantry Charges may be conducted by individual Old Guard battalions, stacks of Old Guard, or any stack of units with an Old Guard unit as the top unit in the stack.

17.0 Losses

Losses should not be thought of as piles of dead. They are, instead, losses in unit effectiveness.

17.1 Losses and Stacking. The position of a unit in a stack effects which unit takes the losses from Fire Combat, Pursuit, retreating through enemy Zones of Influence, etc.

17.1.1 Losses: Losses are always taken from the top combat unit except as below.

17.1.1.1 Artillery with Infantry: When a stack of unlimbered artillery and infantry takes losses from a Fire Attack the artillery takes the even numbered losses and the infantry the odd losses.

EXAMPLE: If three losses are called for, the artillery takes only one loss (the second), while the infantry in the hex suffers two losses (the first and third). If the artillery or infantry were alone in the hex, they would suffer all three losses.

17.1.2 Losses and Presentation: Units may be required to alter presentation due to losses (12.1.4).

17.1.3 Minimum Stacking Requirement: Whenever losses cause a unit to fail the minimum stacking requirements for its current formation, it Disorders the instant the casualty occurs.

17.1.3.1 If Unlimbered artillery is stacked with infantry in Square, and the infantry falls below the minimum Increments required to maintain the Square, both are Disordered (12.7.3).

17.2 Losses and Their Effect on Combat Units

17.2.1 Infantry: The "printed" Fire Value of infantry (printed on the specific side of the unit counter) is not reduced until the unit's overall strength is down to one Increment. When an infantry battalion is down to its last Increment this Fire Value is halved. Range is unaffected by losses.

17.2.2 Cavalry: For every three Increments lost, a cavalry unit's Lance Bonus is reduced by one, but never below one.

17.2.3 Artillery: An artillery unit reduces its various Fire Values proportionately to the losses it has taken.

EXAMPLE: If a battery has lost one-third of its initial strength its Fire Value becomes two-thirds of its printed Fire Value (multiply by 2/3).

17.2.4 Mêlée Values: When any unit takes a casualty its Mêlée Value is reduced proportionately to the amount of losses suffered.

EXAMPLE: A unit with an initial strength of six Increments and a Mêlée Value of 15 would reduce its Mêlée Value by two and one-half for every Increment it loses (15/6 = 2.5).

17.3 Losses and Their Effect on Morale

17.3.1 Each time any unit, whether infantry, cavalry or artillery, suffers a casualty due to Fire Combat (except for Offensive or Defensive Fire) it must take a Morale Check.

17.3.2 If the top unit in a stack is eliminated by Fire Combat the remaining units in the stack still take a Morale Check.

17.3.3 Whenever a battalion or regimental unit is reduced to 50% of its initial strength, when making a Morale Check its dice roll will always be modified by -6 for the worse. Squadrons and companies are not affected in this manner.

17.3.4 Grievous Losses: Whenever a battalion or regimental unit suffers losses from a single combat event that are equal to or greater than 50% of its current strength, its Morale Check dice roll is modified by a further -6 for the worse. Squadrons and companies are not affected in this manner.

17.3.5 Destroyed Units and Morale Level: Battalions that have suffered losses equal to their starting strength, or that have surrendered, are returned to their space on the Organization Display and placed flipped over (specific side up). Once every hour these units are counted and added to the number of PGD battalions from the same superior formation to determine if that superior formation will suffer from a Morale Level modifier in the coming hour (20.3).

18.0 Artillery

18.1 Facing. When artillery is Unlimbered and in a hex composed exclusively of artillery, it always faces a hexside. It thus has three front and three rear hexsides. When artillery is deployed with infantry, it adopts the facing of the infantry. Unlimbered artillery has a Zone of Influence that extends into their adjacent front hexes. Limbered artillery has all-around facing (6 front hexsides). Limbered artillery does not have a Zone of Influence.

18.2 Artillery Formations. Artillery has two voluntary formations: Limbered or Unlimbered. When artillery is Limbered, it is ready to move, and is deployed general side up. Unlimbered artillery is ready to fire and deployed with its specific (gun) side up. Artillery is still considered to be Limbered or Unlimbered even when in Disorder or in General Order terrain.

18.2.1 Changing Formation: Limbered artillery may Unlimber at will by expending two MPs for a Formation Change, however, for Unlimbered artillery to Limber it must roll a die to do so, and pay the usual cost for a Formation Change. Consult the Artillery Limbering Chart for the specific unit and die roll ranges.

18.2.2 Artillery and Road Column: Limbered Artillery that enters a road/trail hex from another road/trail hex is automatically considered to be in Road Column and does not pay a formation change cost when entering or exiting Road Column. The change to and from Road Column is considered an Involuntary formation change and does not in itself trigger Opportunity Reactions.

18.3 Artillery Maneuvers. During this period artillery maneuvered in lines and columns in a similar manner as infantry and cavalry, but they also had some unique maneuvers when unlimbered.

18.3.1 Prolonging Artillery: Unlimbered artillery may be moved one hex when it is active only under specific circumstances. It is not necessary to Limber it, move it, and then Unlimber it again if the player merely wishes it to occupy an adjacent hex. Guns may only be prolonged from one clear terrain hex to another. Guns cannot be prolonged across any kind of slope, bridge, ford or other hexside impediment. Consult the Exclusive Rules which may contain additional restrictions on when artillery may prolong.

18.3.1.1 Prolonging into Zones of Influence: Foot artillery may not prolong into enemy Zones of Influence unless stacked with or adjacent to an Artillery Leader of Special Ability. Horse artillery may freely prolong into enemy Zones of Influence.

18.4 Artillery and Morale. Unlimbered artillery never suffers PGD. They are removed from play instead. Limbered Artillery will Rout if they suffer PGD. Destroyed batteries never count towards Morale Levels.

18.5 Artillery Fire. Artillery may fire more than once during a turn. They may fire once when the Artillery Chit is pulled and once again during the Fire Segment or Defensive Fire step of the Assault Segment. In addition they may conduct Opportunity Fire any number of times. When a stack is composed exclusively of artillery units, all of them in the hex may fire. They must fire at the same target. Other stacks including artillery may fire at the same target and their Fire Value must be combined into a single attack.

18.5.1 Artillery Fire When Stacked With Infantry: When stacked with infantry artillery must always be at the top of the stack in order to make a fire attack.

18.5.1.1 Artillery and Infantry in Square: When stacked with infantry in Square up to 9 Increments of infantry and all the artillery in the hex may fire subject to the rules governing fractional strength for units firing from Square (12.7.4).

18.6 Range. The specific side of an artillery counter gives the various Fire Values of that unit at three different ranges. The top right number, is the maximum distance that unit may fire at Long Range. The top-left number is the Fire Value of the battery when it fires at Short Range (1 to 2 hexes away). The middle left number is the Fire Value at Medium Range (3 to 5 hexes away). The bottom-left number is the Fire Value of the battery at Long Range (6 hexes up to its Maximum Range).

18.6.1 Point Blank Range: Whenever artillery units fire at adjacent hexes (either alone or in conjunction with other artillery or infantry) the Fire Attack gets a bonus of two odds shifts in its favor on the Combat à Feu Chart.

EXAMPLE: If the Fire Attack would normally result in a 5:1 attack, shift the odds to 7:1.

18.6.1.1 Opportunity Fire: Even though Opportunity Fire Attacks are halved in Fire Attack value, artillery would still get the point blank benefit when conducting Opportunity Fire on an adjacent hex.

18.6.1.2 Defensive Fire: When artillery conducts Defensive Fire, it receives the point blank benefit even if its Roll to Stand leaves it in Disorder.

18.7 Artillery, Assault and Charge. Artillery units may not Assault or Charge. They may be the targets of such, however.

18.7.1 Assault: Artillery in Road Column Routs when the target of an Assault or Old Guard Charge. Limbered artillery which is not in Road Column must Roll to Stand. Unlimbered artillery must Roll To Stand. Limbered artillery Mêlée with one-half their printed Mêlée Value and may not conduct Defensive Fire.

18.7.2 Charge: When alone in a hex and Charged, Unlimbered artillery is treated just like infantry and must attempt to "Stand Before Charge" (19.6). Limbered artillery units alone in a hex and contacted by Charging cavalry automatically Rout and may be Pursued.

18.7.3 Rout or Recoil: Unlimbered artillery which is forced to Rout or Recoil is eliminated.

19.0 Cavalry

19.1 Cavalry Charges General Rule. A cavalry unit moves as part of a MU during the Maneuver Segment. While a cavalry unit is moving it may move adjacent to a potential target in its front facing and declare a Charge against it. At this time a Charge Marker is placed on top of the cavalry unit and the Charge is carried out immediately as outlined below. Once the Charge is complete the phasing player may continue moving the remainder of the MU. In order to Charge, a cavalry unit must be in Good Order and must not be Exhausted. Cavalry may only initiate Mêlée as a result of a Charge.

There are two types of Charges:

Opportunity Charges occur when an opponent is moving.
Cavalry Charges occur when cavalry is active.

19.1.1 Cavalry Charge Procedure: Players should refer to the following procedures while resolving Charges and follow the steps in their proper sequence as numbered below. Doing so will help answer many questions.

Charge Declaration: During the Maneuver Segment the phasing player may, at any time, move cavalry units of an active MU adjacent to an enemy stack and place a Charge Marker on them to indicate that they intend to Charge. The Charge is immediately carried out.
Enemy Reactions to Charge:
- a. Forming Square (19.7): At any time during movement the reacting player's infantry which is in Line or Column may attempt to form Square when phasing cavalry moves within 4 hexes of the checking stack and they have a LOS to the cavalry. Cavalry Options to Forming Square: If a Charge had not yet been declared, the cavalry may continue moving and perhaps declare a Charge at a later point. If a Charge has been declared and (i) the target formed Square, the Charging cavalry may attempt to Recall (19.8) and end the Charge (proceed to Step 4), or Mêlée the Combat Units in Square (proceed to Step 3); or (ii) the target disordered or routed from the Square attempt then apply the result (proceed to Step 3).
- b. Opportunity Charge (19.14): At any time during movement the reacting player may attempt to Opportunity Charge as long as the reacting cavalry is in Good Order, is not Exhausted and the moving cavalry is in its Opportunity Charge Zone.
- c. Retreat Before Charge: If the target of the Charge is infantry skirmishers they may attempt to Retreat Before Charge when the cavalry moves adjacent (19.4). Or if the target of the Charge is Light cavalry and the charging stack is composed exclusively of Heavy cavalry the Light cavalry may Retreat Before Charge (19.5). If the target Retreats Before Charge the charging cavalry may attempt to Recall.
Mêlée Resolution (19.9): If there is still a target to Charge, use one of the procedures below to resolve the remainder of the Charge.
- If the target is PGD or is limbered artillery, units in Road Column, or units in Skirmish Order which were unable to Retreat Before Charge use the Cavalry Charge vs. PGD Mêlée Procedure (19.1.4).
- If the target is infantry or unlimbered artillery use the Cavalry Charge vs. Infantry and Artillery Mêlée Procedure (19.1.2).
- If the target is cavalry use the Cavalry Charge vs. Cavalry Mêlée Procedure (19.1.3).
Cavalry Regroup: When the Charge and any resulting Mêlée is finished both attacking and defending cavalry, if any, which did not Rout, Recoil or Bounce may regroup if desired. Each charging stack may expend up to 5 MPs to move away from their current location. Cavalry Regroup is voluntary. Cavalry Regroup may trigger Opportunity Reactions.
Charge Completion: The cavalry is marked with an Exhausted Marker (19.13). Flip the Charge marker over to its reverse side to indicate that they have participated in a Charge this turn. Cavalry Charge markers are removed during the Reorganization Segment.

19.1.2 Cavalry Charge vs. Infantry and Artillery Mêlée Procedure:

Roll to Stand (19.6): The target stack takes a Morale Check. Consult the Roll to Stand vs. Cavalry Modifiers Chart. Pass: passing stacks multiply their Defensive Fire Value by 2 and a die is rolled to determine the number of left column shifts (Defensive Shifts) on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart (die roll 1-3 = 0 shifts, 4-5 = 1 shift, 6 = 2 shifts). Fail: failing stacks not in Square nor in General Order terrain Disorder or Rout if already Disordered. If all Target units Routed or were eliminated proceed to Step 5. Units in Square or in General Order terrain do not Disorder if they fail, however, their fire is not doubled and they do not receive any Defensive Shifts.

NOTE: Assuming facing allows, defending stacks containing artillery has its fire shifted two odds in its favor on the Fire Chart for firing canister at an adjacent target (18.6.1) in addition to any fire benefits it may receive from passing the Roll to Stand.
Defensive Fire: Defending units with the charging cavalry in its front hexsides conduct Defensive Fire. Defensive Fire is conducted as a Fire Attack with the usual modifiers plus any modifiers obtained in Step 1. For each casualty inflicted by the defenders the Mêlée resolution die roll is modified by -6. If all Charging units are eliminated by Defensive Fire, the Charge is finished.

NOTE: Charging units do not take Morale Checks from casualties resulting from Defensive fire.
Calculate the Mêlée Odds (19.9): The odds are calculated as a ratio of Attacker Mêlée Value to Defender Mêlée Value. Consult the Cavalry Mêlée Modifiers Chart for modifiers. Shift the odds according to the number of shifts obtained in Step 1.
Mêlée Resolution: Roll two dice, add modifiers from Step 2 and leader Mêlée modifiers, if any, and consult the Assaut et Mêlée Chart.
- AS – Attackers Surrender. Remove all attacking units from play. The Charge is finished. Proceed to Step 7.
- AR – Attackers Rout. The attacking units conduct Rout movement. The Charge is finished. Proceed to Step 7.
- AD# – Attacking units become disordered and Recoil the number of hexes indicated. If an attacking stack was already disordered it Routs instead. The Charge is finished. Proceed to Step 7.
- Blank – Bounce. Cavalry units Bounce (19.9.2) and the Charge is finished. Proceed to Step 7.
- DD# – Defending units become disordered and Recoil the number of hexes indicated. EXCEPTION: Units in special structures do not Recoil when this result occurs. However, if they are already in Disorder, they will Rout per the usual second Disorder rule. If a defending stack was already disordered it Routs instead. If the target hex was vacated proceed to Step 5, otherwise proceed to Step 7.
- DR – Defenders Rout. The defending units conduct Rout movement. Proceed to Step 5.
- DS – Defenders Surrender. Remove all defenders from play. Proceed to Step 5.

19.1.3 Cavalry Charge vs. Cavalry Mêlée Procedure:

Calculate the Mêlée Odds (19.9)
Mêlée Resolution (19.9)
Advance after Charge (19.10)
Return to Step 4 Cavalry Regroup of the Cavalry Charge Procedure (19.1.1)

19.1.4 Cavalry Charge vs. PGD Mêlée Procedure:

Retreat: The PGD units conduct their Rout move losing one increment for each Zone of Influence they exit including the first (10.1.9). They may lose additional increments due to Step 3 below.
Advance after Charge (19.10)
Pursuit: (19.11).
Return to Step 4 Cavalry Regroup of the Cavalry Charge Procedure (19.1.1)

19.2 Cavalry Charge (Charge à Cheval)

19.2.1 Charges and Formations and Facing: Only cavalry units in Line or Column may execute a Charge. Cavalry units in other formations may not initiate a Charge. A cavalry unit may only Charge units which are in its front facing.

19.2.2 Charges and General Order Terrain: Regardless of its initial formation, cavalry units are considered in General Order the moment they enter terrain that would cause them to enter General Order during normal movement. Cavalry may Charge enemy units that are in General Order terrain. However, a cavalry unit may not initiate any type of Charge while in General Order terrain.

19.2.3 Charges and Prohibited Terrain: Cavalry may not Charge into terrain they are prohibited from entering.

19.2.4 Targets: A cavalry unit may only Charge one target hex at a time. That is it may not simultaneously attempt to Charge and Mêlée more than one target hex. A stack of units may only be the target of a Charge once per MU activation.

19.3 Enemy Reactions to Charge

19.3.1 Defending Combat Units have several options when they are the target of charging cavalry units.

Defending cavalry units in Good Order may Stand (do nothing), Retreat Before Charge (19.5) if eligible, or Opportunity Charge (19.14) if the moving cavalry enters its Opportunity Charge Zone. Cavalry automatically Stands when Charged and does not Roll to Stand to do so.
Infantry units in Line, or Column may Roll To Stand versus Cavalry Charge (19.6) or may attempt to form Square (19.7).
Combat units in Square or in General Order automatically Stand and their Roll to Stand die roll simply becomes a check to see if they deliver effective Defensive Fire.
Infantry units in Skirmish Order may be able to Retreat Before Charge (19.4). If they do not, the skirmishers become PGD on contact with the Charging cavalry and are subject to Pursuit (19.11).
Units already in PGD or in Road Column become PGD on contact with the Charging cavalry and are subject to Pursuit (19.11).
Unlimbered artillery units must Roll To Stand (19.6) or, if stacked with infantry units forming Square (19.7), be a part of that Square.
Limbered artillery units stacked with Infantry units may not form Square. The stack must Roll to Stand versus Cavalry Charge (19.6).
Limbered artillery units alone in a hex become PGD on contact with the Charging cavalry (18.7.2).
Combat Units in Disorder must attempt to Stand (19.6) and cannot attempt to form Square.

19.4 Retreat Before Charge by Infantry. All Skirmishers are eligible to Retreat Before Charge under the restrictions below. See the Exclusive Rules for additional units which may be eligible.

19.4.1 Procedure: When charging cavalry moves adjacent to its target, eligible infantry units, which are the target of the Charge, may elect to Retreat Before Charge. They may retreat into or through an adjacent hex under the restrictions below. Units which Retreat Before Charge expend MPs as they move. If they expend more than half of their MPs in their retreat they end the retreat in Disorder. When the target of a Charge retreats, the charging cavalry may attempt to Recall (19.8). If it does not Recall the cavalry unit must advance into the target hex and Charge the adjacent hex which the Skirmishers retreated into or through, unless the current hex halts Charges. Skirmishers which are unable to Retreat Before Charge, and are not in terrain that would cause formed cavalry units to enter General Order, will instead become PGD and are subject to Pursuit (19.11).

19.4.2 Restrictions:

Infantry units in Skirmish Order may Retreat Before Charge into an adjacent hex containing terrain that mandates General Order for formed units, or into a hex containing friendly formed infantry units in Good Order, in which case, they would change facing and formation to match the units presently in the hex and be placed at the bottom of the stack. They may also Retreat Before Charge through an adjacent hex containing formed infantry units in Good Order, thus blocking the cavalry units with the intervening infantry unit. At the end of their retreat they may reface.
They are not allowed to violate stacking rules in the course of its retreat. If in retreating they cannot legally form a stack, they may continue to retreat through units until they can legally stack.
They may not retreat into an enemy Zone of Influence. However, friendly units negate enemy Zones of Influence in their hex when units Retreat Before Charge into a friendly unit's hex (10.1.8).

19.4.3 Opportunity Reactions: The retreating units and pursuing cavalry may trigger Opportunity Reactions. However, if the retreating stack is Opportunity Charged, they may in turn Retreat Before Charge from the Opportunity Charge. The originally charging cavalry is finished with its Charge and proceeds with Step 4 Cavalry Regroup of the Cavalry Charge Procedure (19.1.1). If the pursuing unit is Opportunity Charged then the retreat ends. The pursuing unit's Charge is now over. The Opportunity Charge is then resolved (19.14).

19.5 Retreat Before Charge by Cavalry

19.5.1 Light cavalry units may attempt to Retreat Before Charge when charged solely by Heavy Cavalry (19.12.1). In order to Retreat Before Charge the light cavalry must be the target of the Charge, they must be in Good Order and they must not be Exhausted. See the Exclusive Rules for additional units which may be eligible. Cavalry may not Retreat Before Charge from an Opportunity Charge.

19.5.2 Procedure: When the charging cavalry moves adjacent to the light cavalry, they may Retreat Before Charge. Units which Retreat Before Charge expend MPs to follow the Path of Retreat, changing facing as necessary. During their retreat, they may only change formation to enter General Order or to join a stack of friendly formed units in Good Order in which case they change facing and formation to match the units presently in the hex and are placed at the bottom of the stack. At the end of their retreat they may reface. Cavalry that Retreats Before Charge may expend up to their full Movement Potential in the course of this retreat, but if they expend more than half of their Movement Potential they end this retreat Exhausted.

19.5.3 Path of Retreat Restrictions:

Cavalry that Retreats Before Charge must follow a Path of Retreat that does not enter terrain that prohibits movement for cavalry, nor hexes that contain enemy units.
Nor may they retreat into enemy cavalry Zones of Influence. However, friendly units negate Zones of Influence in their hex for the purposes of Retreat Before Charge (10.1.8).
Retreating units may retreat through friendly units, but are not allowed to violate stacking rules in the course of their retreat.

19.5.4 Pursuit of Cavalry that Retreats Before Charge: The heavy cavalry must pursue unless it passes a Recall check (19.8). If the heavy cavalry pursues they must follow the retreating light cavalry along their exact path of retreat up to a limit of 3 hexes. If the heavy cavalry Recalls the Charge ends and the light cavalry retreats an additional hex. At the end of the retreat the light cavalry may reface ending their retreat with at least one hex separating them from the following heavy cavalry. If at the end of a pursuit there is no Mêlée the pursuing cavalry proceeds with Step 4 Cavalry Regroup of the Cavalry Charge Procedure (19.1.1).

19.5.4.1 Restrictions:

Pursuing cavalry ends its pursuit if it enters an enemy cavalry unit's Zone of Influence.
Pursuing cavalry may not pursue into terrain which mandates General Order for formed units.
Pursuing cavalry may not pursue into terrain which they may not enter.

19.5.4.2 Recall: Pursuing cavalry may only attempt to Recall once at the beginning of the pursuit, before the first hex of pursuit is entered and once again if the retreating cavalry retreats through a friendly unit.

19.5.4.3 Retreat Through Friendly Units: If the retreating cavalry retreats through friendly units, the pursuing cavalry may attempt to Recall and end the pursuit. Or, if the pursuing cavalry does not Recall, they must Charge the units retreated through. Proceed to Step 3 of the Cavalry Charge Procedure (19.1.1) selecting the appropriate Mêlée procedure.

19.5.4.4 If the heavy cavalry pursues and ends the pursuit adjacent to the retreating cavalry, they may Mêlée the retreating light cavalry, and any units the retreating units are now stacked with, whose Mêlée Value is now reduced by ½. Proceed to Step 3 of the Cavalry Charge Procedure (19.1.1).

19.5.5 Opportunity Reactions: The retreating and pursuing cavalry may trigger Opportunity Reactions. If the retreating stack is Opportunity Charged, they may in turn Retreat Before Charge from the Opportunity Charge if eligible. Otherwise, they must Stand and the Opportunity Charge is resolved. The originally charging cavalry is finished with its Charge and proceeds with Step 4 Cavalry Regroup of the Cavalry Charge Procedure (19.1.1). If the pursuing unit is Opportunity Charged then the retreat ends. The pursuing unit's Charge is now over. The Opportunity Charge is then resolved (19.14).

19.6 Rolling To Stand Versus Cavalry Charge. Rolling to Stand requires the top unit in the target stack to make a successful Morale Check using the modifiers found on the Roll to Stand vs. Cavalry Charge Chart. If the Morale Check is passed the defender delivers effective Defensive Fire and their Fire Value is doubled. Roll a die to determine the number of Defensive Shifts received, if any. If the Morale Check is failed, the defending units Disorder or Rout if already in Disorder.

19.6.1 Steady Lads!: Units in General Order, Square or Special Structures automatically Stand when charged. They must still roll the dice, however, to determine if they deliver effective Defensive Fire and receive any Defensive Shifts.

19.7 Forming Square. Infantry units in Line or Column may attempt to form Square anytime enemy cavalry expends MPs within 4 hexes. Units attempting to form Square must have a clear Line of Sight to the cavalry. A unit does not have to be a target of a Charge to attempt to form Square. They may attempt to form Square, regardless of whether or not the cavalry is actually charging. If a cavalry stack starts within 4 hexes of an infantry unit, they may attempt to form Square as soon as the cavalry begins to move. A stack may attempt to form Square once per Charge or once per the movement of a cavalry unit. If the target of a Charge successfully formed Square and the cavalry does not Recall (19.8), the Charging cavalry must Mêlée the Square.

19.7.1 Procedure: The reactive player announces that he will attempt to form Square. The active player suspends moving his cavalry until the result of this attempt is resolved. Locate the nationality of the top infantry unit, in the stack, on the Square (Carré) Realization Chart and the distance separating the active cavalry unit from the reactive infantry stack. Consult the Dice Result Modifiers at the bottom of the chart for any that may apply. Roll the dice. The result applies to the entire stack.

Units that successfully roll on this chart form Square and are marked with a Square counter.
Units that Disorder, do so in place, and are marked with a Disorder counter.
Units that PGD, execute their Rout movement. If the cavalry unit is adjacent, the infantry is subject to Pursuit (19.11).

19.7.2 Opportunity Reactions: Change of Formation into Square is considered Voluntary Maneuver and may trigger Opportunity Reactions. This Opportunity Reaction preempts the change of Formation.

19.8 Cavalry Recall. Cavalry units may elect to end a Charge through Recall when certain events occur. Roll a die and consult the Cavalry Recall Chart to determine success. A successful Recall ends the Charge. An unsuccessful Recall Check makes Pursuit or Mêlée of the target mandatory.

19.8.1 Cavalry may attempt to Recall if one of the following conditions is true:

After a defender that has been declared a target vacates its hex by Retreating Before Charge. The Recall must be attempted before the first hex of Pursuit is entered.
Or if units Retreating Before Charge retreat through or into a stack of friendly units.
After a defender that has been declared a target vacates its hex by becoming PGD either due to a failed Roll to Stand or as a result of Mêlée. The Recall is attempted at the beginning of the Pursuit step of the Charge.
The moment a defender that has been declared a target vacated its hex by becoming PGD due to a failed Square Formation Check.
The moment a defender, which has been declared a target, has successfully formed Square.

19.9 Cavalry Mêlée. To resolve an individual Mêlée the sum of the Mêlée Values (printed Mêlée Values plus their modifiers) of all units in the Charging stack are divided by the sum of the Mêlée Values of the target stack. This produces the odds ratio. Round down any fractions to conform to the nearest odds column on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart. Shift the odds left by a number of columns equal to any Defensive Shifts received. The Charging player rolls the dice and locates the result in the appropriate column. Mêlée odds at less than 1:3 are conducted as 1:3 odds. Mêlées conducted at odds greater than 5:1 are treated as 5:1 odds.

19.9.1 Modifiers may apply to the Mêlée Values of the combat units involved (see Cavalry Mêlée Modifiers Chart) and modifiers may apply to the dice result if a leader is present with either the attacking or defending force or the cavalry suffered casualties from Defensive Fire.

19.9.2 Cavalry Bounce: Cavalry which are involved in a Mêlée either as the attacker or defender when a blank result is obtained will "bounce" (that is, retreat) one-third of their printed Movement Potential. If both the attacker and defender are cavalry then both bounce from a blank result. In this case the "bounce" moves are considered to be simultaneous, but procedurally the attacker conducts his bounce move first. This retreat is considered Involuntary Movement and does not trigger Opportunity Reactions. Each bouncing cavalry stack will lose one Increment for each hex in enemy Zone of Influence retreated from or through during this retreat (10.1.9). The path of retreat for bouncing cavalry subscribes to the priorities of retreat (13.2.4). After retreating one-third of its printed Movement Potential the cavalry makes a Morale Check. If it passes this Morale Check it Disorders, or Routs (PGD) if already disordered. If it fails the Morale Check it Routs (PGD) and executes its Rout movement the full distance.

19.10 Cavalry Advance after Charge/Mêlée. If the target of a Charge vacates its hex, the cavalry must advance into the vacant hex. The Advance after Charge is conducted prior to any potential Pursuit. All cavalry that advances after Mêlée are disordered unless already disordered. If the unit was already disordered there is no further effect (i.e. the unit does not become PGD). Mark the units as disordered before they advance. Cavalry that Charges, but did not Mêlée the target are not Disordered when they advance. If the hex is overstacked, sufficient units must be displaced back to the hexes where they advanced from until the stacking limit is satisfied (11.1.5). This advance may trigger Opportunity Reactions.

19.11 Pursuit. When the target is infantry or artillery Cavalry pursues following a successful Charge.

NOTE: This is not the same as Pursuit following Retreat Before Charge. Refer to 19.4 and 19.5 for that case.

After any retreats are conducted, cavalry that elects not to Recall (19.8) or does not pass a Recall check, pursues and follows exactly the path of retreat up to three hexes.

NOTE: Cavalry does not pursue cavalry after a Mêlée. See the Cavalry Charge vs. Cavalry Mêlée Procedure (19.1.3).

19.11.1 Procedure: The number of hexes which cavalry may Pursue is the number of hexes the defender Recoiled via a DD# result on the Assaut et Mêlée Chart, or if they retreated after becoming PGD, up to a maximum of three hexes. If the target was eliminated there is no Pursuit. The pursuing cavalry follows the path of the retreating units. For each hex of Pursuit the target stack loses an increment. Light cavalry inflicts one extra loss on retreating stacks for a maximum of up to four losses inflicted from Pursuit. The Pursuit ends as soon as the pursued units are eliminated. Pursuit losses are in addition to each increment lost for each Zone of Influence exited during their retreat.

19.11.2 Restrictions:

Cavalry may not pursue into terrain they are prohibited from entering. Nor may they pursue into General Order terrain.
The Pursuit ends immediately upon the cavalry entering an enemy Cavalry Zone of Influence. If the cavalry begins its Pursuit in a Cavalry Zone of Influence there is no Pursuit.
If the retreating units retreated through a friendly stack the Pursuit ends when the cavalry moves adjacent to the stack retreated through.

19.11.3 Recall: Cavalry, which wishes to end a Pursuit may attempt to Recall. Roll a die and consult the Cavalry Recall Chart. A passing die roll means the Pursuit ends. Failure means the cavalry must pursue up to the allowable limit. Recall may only be attempted at the beginning of the Pursuit step of the Mêlée procedures.

19.11.4 Opportunity Reactions: Pursuit movement may trigger Opportunity Reactions. An Opportunity Charge will end the Pursuit at the moment the unit(s) making the Opportunity Charge passes its Morale Check.

19.12 Cavalry Modifiers to Mêlée. All cavalry Mêlée modifiers are listed on the Cavalry Mêlée Modifiers Chart. All modifiers to Mêlée are cumulative, except where noted.

19.12.1 Heavy and Light Cavalry: Heavy cavalry is cavalry with a printed Movement Potential of 12 or less. Light cavalry is cavalry with a printed Movement Potential of 13 or more.

NOTE: Some games may have poorly trained cavalry with a movement allowance of 12 or less, but are not considered heavy cavalry. Consult the Exclusive Rules.

When heavy cavalry is involved in a Mêlée with light cavalry as either the attacker or defender, the Mêlée Value of the heavy cavalry is doubled. If heavy cavalry Mêlées a combination of heavy and light cavalry it would not be doubled.

19.12.2 Lancers: All units with a Lance bonus are termed Lancers. Lancers have a Lance Bonus (+#) printed on their counters. The Lance Bonus is added to the Mêlée Value of the attacking lancer unit. Only the top unit in a stack adds its Lance Bonus to its Mêlée Value. The Lance Bonus is not modified by any other Mêlée modifiers. It is modified only by losses to the unit. For every three casualties lost by the unit the Lance Bonus is reduced by one, but never below one.

EXAMPLE: A lancer unit with a Lance Bonus of +3 and a Mêlée Value of 18 Charges an enemy Square, its Mêlée Value would be 12 (18 x ½ + 3).

19.12.3 Cavalry Charges to the Flank or Rear: Cavalry that Charges an enemy unit in the flank or rear has its Mêlée Value doubled.

19.12.4 Cavalry Leaders of Special Ability: Specially designated cavalry leaders double the Mêlée Value of units with which they are stacked.

19.13 Ready and Exhausted Cavalry. Cavalry units are either Ready (rested) or Exhausted.

19.13.1 Losing Readiness: Cavalry becomes Exhausted as follows:

At the end of a Mêlée in which it was involved.
If it made a Charge or Opportunity Charge that segment.
Cavalry units that perform Retreat before Assault or Retreat before Charge and use more than half of their Movement Potential in doing so.

19.13.2 Recovering Readiness: Cavalry units recover readiness by not moving, not Charging, and not being involved in Mêlée during a turn. Cavalry does not need to be in Good Order to recover Readiness, but in order to recover they could not have moved during the current turn for any reason, including Rout movement. Exhausted markers are removed during the Reorganization Segment.

19.13.3 Effects of Being Exhausted: An Exhausted cavalry unit moves at one-half its printed Movement Potential, and Mêlées at one-half its printed Mêlée Value, after being adjusted for losses of course. It may not initiate any type of Charge, nor may it Retreat Before Assault.

EXAMPLE: An Exhausted and Disordered cavalry unit would move and Mêlée at one-quarter its values. If it were Exhausted and PGD it would Rout move at its ¾ of its printed movement rate (3/2 x ½ = 3/4).

19.14 Opportunity Charge

19.14.1 Reactive cavalry may only make Opportunity Charges on active enemy units while they are moving. Whenever an enemy unit moves into, attempts to move from, or expends MPs in the Opportunity Charge Zone of a cavalry unit, it may attempt to Opportunity Charge. Each cavalry stack whose Opportunity Charge Zone has been violated may attempt an Opportunity Charge once for each triggering event. If a moving unit is in multiple Opportunity Charge Zones each cavalry stack whose Zone has been violated, may attempt to Opportunity Charge. However, since Opportunity Charges are conducted immediately only one reacting cavalry stack may pass its Morale Check and conduct an Opportunity Charge.

19.14.2 Opportunity Charge Zone: Reactive cavalry have an Opportunity Charge Zone. An Opportunity Charge Zone extends, at all times, two hexes from the front facing of a cavalry unit which is in Good Order and is not Exhausted.

19.14.3 Procedure: If the cavalry is in Good Order and is not Exhausted, the owning player may declare an Opportunity Charge.

The active unit ceases movement. If the active unit was in the process of changing formation it does not change formation. EXCEPTION: See odd cases below.
The reacting player makes a Morale Check for the cavalry unit attempting to Opportunity Charge. If the cavalry passes, it immediately moves one hex, if necessary, to move adjacent to the active unit that now becomes the target and the Charge is resolved immediately. If the cavalry fails the Morale Check, it just sits there, but does not Disorder. The moving stack may finish its movement.
Charge Resolution: If the target is infantry or artillery use the Cavalry vs. Infantry and Artillery Mêlée Procedure (19.1.2). If the target is Cavalry use the Cavalry vs. Cavalry Mêlée Procedure (19.1.3). If the target is limbered artillery, units in Road or Skirmish Order use the Cavalry vs. PGD Mêlée Procedure (19.1.4).
Cavalry Regroup (19.1.1)
Charge Completion (19.1.1): Cavalry units that Opportunity Charge become Exhausted at the completion of the Charge.
The target of the Opportunity Charge may not voluntarily spend any more MPs during the remainder of the Maneuver Segment.

19.14.4 Restrictions:

Cavalry units which Opportunity Charge may not themselves be Opportunity Charged during their Charge. They may, however, be Opportunity Charged during Advance after Charge or during Pursuit.
A cavalry stack may attempt only one Opportunity Charge per triggering event. And only one cavalry stack may successfully make an Opportunity Charge on a target stack per triggering event.
Units which are the target of an Opportunity Charge may not attempt to form Square in reaction to the Opportunity Charge.
A cavalry unit need not be In Command in order to Opportunity Charge.
A cavalry unit does not need a LOS to the target to attempt an Opportunity Charge.
Units conducting a Retreat Before Assault or Charge that are Opportunity Charged may continue to Retreat Before Charge. Units not already conducting a Retreat Before Assault or Charge may not Retreat Before Charge when Opportunity Charged.

19.14.5 Odd Cases:

If a unit enters a hex with units in Skirmish Order or vice versa and an Opportunity Charge is declared then the units in Skirmish Order displace (11.1.5) to the hex from which the moving units originated. If the units cannot displace for any reason, then all units in the hex become PGD and Rout. If any units remain in the target hex, the Opportunity Charge proceeds.
If a unit enters a hex with units not in Skirmish Order and an Opportunity Charge is declared, then all units in the hex assume the formation of the units which were already in the hex and all become the target of the Opportunity Charge.

20.0 Morale

20.1 The Morale Check. To make a Morale Check for a unit roll the dice. The resulting number plus all modifiers must exceed the printed Morale Rating of the unit to pass. Ties fail.

20.1.1 Stacking: Whenever making a Morale Check for a stack of units roll once for the stack. If the top unit in the stack passes, the entire stack passes. Whenever the top unit in a stack fails a Morale Check, all units beneath it in the stack also fail regardless of their Morale Rating.

20.1.2 Elite Units: Units with printed Morale Ratings of –, 11, 12 and 13 are elite units. Elite units never apply negative dice roll modifiers (i.e. modifiers that worsen their chance for success) for any checks against their Morale Rating. Units with a Morale Rating of – always pass any check against their Morale. Units stacked with a Leader with an "A" Morale Rating always passes any check against their Morale.

20.1.3 "Sauve Qui Peut!": A natural 11 rolled for a Morale Check always fails unless one of the following conditions apply: (1) if the combat unit has no Morale Rating (~), or; (2) if the combat unit has a Morale Rating of 11 or 12 and there are enough positive modifiers to allow it to pass with a roll of 11.

20.1.4 Failing a Morale Check: When a combat unit fails a Morale Check it will generally Disorder. EXCEPTION: Cavalry that fails to Opportunity Charge. Combat units in Disorder that fail a Morale Check become PGD (Routed).

20.1.5 Passing a Morale Check: Under the conditions of 20.2, units which pass a Morale Check during the Reorganization Segment recover Good Order otherwise, they remain in their current Morale state.

20.1.6 Multiple Morale Checks Resulting From A Single Event: A combat unit may be required to make several Morale Checks within the course of a single turn. It may even be forced to make several Morale Checks in the course of a single segment of that turn. Combat units, however, are never required to make more than one Morale Check resulting from a single combat event. If an event engenders two Morale Checks, then only one is made which combines all modifiers from both Morale Checks.

EXAMPLE: As a result from a fire combat, an infantry unit in Square takes losses equal to half of its current Increments. The resulting Morale Check would be modified for the unit losing 50% in a single fire combat and for the unit being Square.

20.2 Recovery of Good Order. Units in Disorder or PGD may only recover Good Order in the Reorganization Segment. This is accomplished by the unit passing a Morale Check. When making a Morale Check for a stack, roll the dice and apply the result to the top units in the stack. If the top unit passes then all units in the stack recover Good Order. If the top unit does not pass the Morale Check the stack remains in its present Morale state. Apply modifiers from the General Morale Check Modifiers Chart.

20.2.1 Disorder: Units in Disorder may not make this Morale Check when they are adjacent to enemy units.

20.2.2 Plus Grand Désordre (PGD): Units in PGD may not make this Morale Check if they are less than 15 hexes away from an enemy unit in Good Order, unless they are stacked with a leader and are not adjacent to an enemy unit.

20.2.3 Recovery and Formation: Infantry units that recover Good Order in the Reorganization Segment go immediately to Column unless in General Order terrain. Cavalry units that recover Good Order in the Reorganization Segment go immediately to Line unless in General Order terrain. These formation changes are considered involuntary and do not trigger Opportunity Reactions. Artillery units that recover Good Order remain Unlimbered or Limbered. The owning player of the unit that recovers Good Order may freely choose its facing.

20.3 Morale Levels. Accumulated losses not only affect the morale of a unit, but after a while begin to affect the army at higher levels as well. There are four Morale Levels determining the will of the main superior formations to which combat units belong. Level 0 has no adverse modifier, and is considered the normal "fresh" state of a formation. Losses in superior formation are measured in battalions. Battalions are counted as lost when either they have been removed to the Organizational Display by casualties or surrender, or, if they are currently on the map in a PGD (routed) state. To determine the current Morale Level of a superior formation, count the number of destroyed and routed battalions (or their equivalent; see Morale Level Tracks for details) in a superior formation. Find this number for the formation on the Morale Level Track and mark as appropriate with the formation's Morale Level marker. Read up the column to determine the Morale Level and its effect (if any). As Morale Levels are achieved, all battalions currently in play from that superior formation, have all of their Morale Check dice rolls modified by the specified amount. Lost or PGD cavalry and artillery are not included when counting units for Morale Level determination, nor are they affected by them.

20.3.1 Morale Levels are determined every hour during the Reorganization Segment of the :40 turn. The morale effects of a Morale Level are in force for the entire hour (the :00, :20 and :40 turns inclusive). Battalions that were PGD and subsequently recover Good Order do not improve a superior formation's Morale Level until the Morale Levels are re-determined at the end of the Reorganization Segment of the next hourly turn (:40).

20.3.2 La Garde Recule: Units specially designated as French Old Guard Infantry in the Exclusive Rules form their own formation for the purposes of determining Morale Levels. The current Morale Level of the Old Guard is added to the Morale Level for all other French and French Allied formations.

EXAMPLE: If the Old Guard is currently on Morale Level 1 then a French corps on Morale Level 2 would now be on Morale Level 3.

21.0 Dusk and Night

The exclusive rules will designate which turns are subject to Dusk and Night rules.

21.1.1 Dusk: When dusk begins the following restrictions apply: the printed Movement Potential of cavalry is reduced by 4; cavalry has its Mêlée Value reduced by ½; the printed Movement Potential of horse artillery is reduced by 2; all PGD units modify their Reorganization Morale Check dice roll by a further -3, for a total modifier of -9.

21.1.2 Night: When night falls the following restrictions apply: the printed Movement Potential of cavalry is reduced by 6; cavalry has its Mêlée Value reduced by 1/3; cavalry lancers do not receive a Lance Bonus; the printed Movement Potential of horse artillery is reduced by 3; all PGD units modify their Reorganization Morale Check dice roll by a further -6, for a total modifier of -12 (per the Exclusive Rules' designation of which turns count as Dusk or Night).

Mont Saint-Jean Exclusive Rules

These Exclusive Rules govern La Bataille de Mont Saint-Jean specifically, taking precedence over any series rule they contradict. Rules marked with an eagle symbol or shaded grey in the original apply only to players using the advanced Règlements de l'An XXX rather than the Règlement des Marie-Louise; the same is true of all references to Artillery Ammunition Wagons (AAW), artillery ricochet fire and cavalry skirmishers.

1.0 Introduction

La Bataille de Mont Saint-Jean is a simulation of one of the closing battles of the Waterloo campaign of 1815, fought between Emperor Napoléon with the bulk of the French Armée du Nord and initially the Duke of Wellington, commander of the Anglo-Dutch-German Army of the Low Countries, later reinforced by Field Marshal Blücher and elements of the Prussian Armee vom Nederrhein.

2.0 Rules Questions

Send questions or comments to Clash of Arms Games, 1804 Hoffmansville Road, PO Box 212, Sassamansville, PA 19472-0212, or email [email protected] "Attention: Rules Questions." The La Bataille forum at Consimworld (http://www.consimworld.com) is also available for questions.

3.0 Game Components

3.1 Errata. Counters are available on the website http://labataille.us.

French Organization Display: in the 2e Corps d'Armée, the 2e Régiment d'infanterie légère and 3e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne must be swapped (2e légère belongs in Bachelu's Division, 3e ligne under Jérôme's orders).
Allied Organization Display: per Siborne's History of the Waterloo Campaign, the 5th Hanoverian brigade (Colonel Vincke) properly belonged to the 5th Division, but a mistake in disposition meant Colonel Best's brigade held that division's place at both Quatre-Bras and Waterloo. In the Cavalry Corps, the 1st KGL Hussars (7th Brigade) and 3rd KGL Hussars (6th Brigade) must be swapped.
Prussian Organization Display: Oberst von Funk of 14. Infanterie Brigade, IV Armee-Corps, is not shown on the Organization Display.

3.2 Counter Additions

3.2.1 French Counter Additions (Optional): if players agree, add the following cavalry brigade leaders: Général de brigade Bruno (1re Brigade/1re Division de Cavalerie Légère), Gobrecht (2e Brigade/1re Division), Huber (1re Brigade/2e Division), Wathiez (2e Brigade/2e Division), Dommanget (1re Brigade/3e Division), Vinot (2e Brigade/3e Division), Colbert (1re Brigade/5e Division), and Merlin (2e Brigade/5e Division).

3.2.2 Prussian Counter Additions

Leaders to add: General der Infanterie Prinz Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich August von Preussen (Armee Generalstab); Oberstleutnant von Sohr (II. Armee-Corps, 2. Kavallerie-Brigade).
Prussian Brigades: the game lists the commanders of Prussian sub-brigades as Brigade Chef in several instances; replacement counters are provided for Generalmajor Graf Henckel von Donnersmark (I. Armee-Corps, 4. Infanterie-Brigade) and Generalmajor von Ryssel (IV. Armee-Corps, 14. Infanterie-Brigade), though it makes little practical difference which counter is used — only one leader may be chosen per brigade.

HISTORICAL NOTE: Following the 1806 debacle, the Prussians' 1812 regulations introduced an all-arms Brigade equivalent in practice to other nations' divisions, itself built from sub-brigades commanded by a Kommandeur beneath the Brigade's Chef. Not every brigade had both: some (like 12. Infanterie Brigade in III Armee-Corps) had two Kommandeurs and no Chef, reflecting brigades built from two or more Landwehr Infanterie Regiments; others (9. and 10. Infanterie Brigades, III Armee-Corps) had a Kommandeur only. The same loose structure applied to Prussian cavalry.
Prussian Cavalry Battalions (Optional): half-regiments may be added and split between infantry brigades per historical Prussian practice (each split regiment's two-squadron halves attached to a named Armee-Corps/Infanterie-Brigade pairing) — Husaren-Regiment Nr. 11 between II. Armee-Corps' 5. and 6. Infanterie-Brigade; Elbe LKR between II. Armee-Corps' 7. and 8. Infanterie-Brigade; 2. Schlesisches LKR between IV. Armee-Corps' 13. and 14. Infanterie-Brigade; 3. Schlesisches LKR between IV. Armee-Corps' 15. and 16. Infanterie-Brigade. Players who skip the extra counters may instead assign each whole regiment to either of its two historical brigades.

4.0 Terrain

4.1 Special Structures. Any location beginning with Ferme, Chateau, or Moulin, plus the church in Braine L'Alleud, the two building hexes of Mon Plaisir, and the church in Plancenoit, are Special Structures — solidly built enough in 1815 to be considered near-fortresses.

Line of Sight: Special Structures block LOS.
Zones of Influence: none extend into Special Structure hexes.
Movement: only infantry may deploy in a Special Structure hex. Cavalry and artillery may only pass through (via road/trail in Road Column, entering and exiting without stopping, and only with enough MPs to continue into the next hex).
Stacking: up to 6 Increments or 1 battalion of infantry (under the Règlements de l'An XXX no leader is required to stack there). Regiments over 6 Increments must break down to battalions totaling no more than 6 Increments to enter, whether moving voluntarily or involuntarily.
Formation: a unit in a Special Structure in Good Order is always treated as if in Square (facing, ZOI, firing pattern, morale bonus) without needing the normal 3-Increment minimum; Skirmish Order and multi-hex formations are not permitted there.
Fire Combat: infantry firing on a Special Structure halve their Fire Value; artillery gets no Point Blank bonus against it and always uses Long Range Fire Value regardless of actual distance. At most 6 Increments may fire from a Special Structure regardless of the size of the defending force.
Assault: only infantry may Assault a Special Structure (cavalry may neither Charge nor Mêlée it); at most 6 Increments may Assault or defend it, and the defender's Mêlée Value is not further modified as if defending a Square. Units in Special Structures automatically Stand when assaulted (still rolling to see if Defensive Fire and Defensive Shifts apply) and do not Disorder for failing to Stand. Sapeurs stacked with and part of an Assault on a Special Structure shift the Assault et Mêlée Chart one column in the attacker's favor. Defenders ignore DR and DD# results, instead losing one Increment.

4.2 Orchard, Cultivated Ground. Both block LOS, though a firing unit on higher elevation than interposing Cultivated Ground can fire beyond it regardless of geometry. Zones of Influence extend into both. Infantry may form Column, Line or Square there; cavalry may form Column or Line.

4.3 Farmettes & Houses. Do not block LOS (Cultivated Ground terrain sharing the hex still does). Zones of Influence extend into these hexes. Infantry may form Column, Line or Square, cavalry Column or Line; units here have no flank hexsides (only front and rear — what would be a flank hexside counts as front) and cannot be enfiladed.

4.4 Marsh/Swamp. Does not block LOS. Zones of Influence extend into it. Artillery may only enter via road/trail in Road Column and may not unlimber there. Formed units automatically assume General Order on entering. Cavalry may not Charge into, through, or from Marsh/Swamp, and Pursuit stops at its edge.

4.5 Town, Woods, Tree Line. (Tree line = any Woods hex adjacent to at least two clear hexes.) All three block LOS; none allow a Zone of Influence into them. Tree line has its own stacking limit distinct from Woods. Formed units automatically assume General Order on entering any of the three.

4.6 Ponds. Impassable, deep-water hexes for all units. Do not block LOS; no Zone of Influence extends into them.

4.7 Sunken Roads. These hexsides represent depressions that Napoleonic-era soldiers treated as deathtraps rather than shelter, deploying behind rather than in them. Units in Road Column are considered to be moving in the depression itself; other formations are considered deployed behind the feature (the depression between their front and the enemy).

Movement: artillery may enter only via road in Road Column and may not unlimber there. Non-Road-Column infantry/cavalry may move parallel to it at the cost of the hex's other terrain; moving along and exiting a Sunken Road without switching sides costs nothing extra, but crossing to the other side costs the Sunken Road crossing fee, paid on exit. A unit starting its movement phase in the hex is considered already on whichever side is most advantageous to it.
Stacking: limited by the hex's other terrain. Units moving along the road may pass freely through units in Road Column there (and vice versa, within the stacking limit) without ending stacked — an exception to the usual ban on voluntary infantry/cavalry/artillery mixed stacking.
Formation: only Road Column units are "in" the depression. Units in Line may not straddle a Sunken Road (a road passing through both a front and a rear hexside) and must instead deploy parallel to it; infantry may form Square in these hexes.
Fire Combat: Road Column units get an improved Fire Defense unless fired on in enfilade to the terrain's line, in which case ordinary Column Fire Defense applies.
Assault/Charge: defenders benefit only when assaulted from a non-Sunken-Road hex through their front hexsides, or from another Sunken-Road hex; cavalry may not Charge across a Sunken Road from a non-Sunken-Road hex through the front, nor initiate a Charge while in one. Units with all-around facing (Square/Disorder) have their defending player choose which side they're on at the moment of the first assault/Charge Zone entry, and that choice sticks for later assaults/charges that turn. Units assaulting into a Sunken Road from a non-Sunken-Road hex through the front, or assaulting out of one, do so in Disorder (marked just before Offensive/Defensive Fire; already-Disordered units suffer no further effect, and this happens even if the target vacated before Mêlée). Units defending in a Sunken Road hex against an assault from a non-Sunken-Road hex through their front (or from another Sunken Road hex) get a +6 Roll to Stand modifier.
Optional Arrow Markers: track which side units occupy explicitly rather than by owning-player choice; changing the marker's orientation while active costs the crossing fee, and Assault/Disorder/Charge eligibility follows the marker rather than a chosen side.

4.8 Hedges. Applies only to hedge hexsides around the Chateau de Goumont complex (and its Covered Way) and the three garden hexes of La Haye Sainte — the only hexsides the Movement Chart's "hedge" entries refer to. They do not block LOS. A unit fired on exclusively across a hedge hexside gets +2 Fire Defense (e.g., a unit in Line defends at 11 instead of 9). Multi-hex formations may not form across them.

4.9 Slopes. Two types: Normal and Severe.

Normal Slopes: artillery pays an extra MP cost crossing (and may still prolong across them); no other unit type is affected beyond the Movement Chart cost. Multi-hex formations may form across them. Infantry assaulting up a Normal Slope suffer -3 to Roll to Close.
Severe Slopes (found on the two eastern maps, e.g. near Smohain or the church at Plancenoit, mostly representing stream-cut banks): artillery cannot cross them at all, up or down; infantry, skirmishers, cavalry and leaders pay an extra MP cost. Multi-hex formations may not form across them. Infantry assaulting across one (up or down) do so in Disorder (marked just before Offensive/Defensive Fire, no further effect if already Disordered, applies even if the target vacated first) and suffer -3 to Roll to Close if assaulting upslope. Cavalry may not Charge, Mêlée or Pursue across Severe Slopes.

4.10 Streams. Artillery may cross only at Bridges or Fords; infantry and cavalry pay a movement penalty crossing a Stream hexside (leaders, skirmishers and formed light companies are unaffected). Multi-hex formations may form across Stream hexsides. Infantry assaulting across a Stream do so in Disorder (marked just before Offensive/Defensive Fire); cavalry Charging across one likewise do so in Disorder (marked just before the relevant Defensive Fire or Mêlée Resolution step) — in both cases already-Disordered units suffer no further effect, and this applies even if the target vacated before Mêlée.

4.11 Bridges and Fords. Only units in Road Column benefit from them; infantry/cavalry in other formations still pay the Stream hexside cost when crossing via a bridge or ford.

4.12 Artillery Ricochet (Règlements de l'An XXX only). Fire aimed at Town, Woods/Tree line, Marsh/Swamp, Special Structure hexes, or across upslope (severe or normal) hexsides terminates there; ricochet may bounce into but not through these.

4.13 Depots

French: the entry hex on the southern map edge marked à Genappe.
Anglo-Allied: British and Hanoverian, including KGL — any hex on the western map edge north of and including the trail marked à Hal. Dutch, Belgian, Nassauer and Brunswicker — the entry hex on the northern map edge marked à Waterloo et Bruxelles.
Prussian: any hex on the eastern map edge within five hexes of the entry area marked à Chapelle St. Lambert.

5.0 Command

The Organization and Display Charts show each army's command structure; refer to them as needed.

5.1 French

Command Points: L'Armée du Nord has two army leaders (Napoléon and Ney) and four corps leaders (d'Erlon, Reille, Drouot, Mouton), for up to six CPs when all six are on the map.
Napoléon may not voluntarily leave the La Belle Alliance hex unless an enemy unit comes within 5 hexes of it; once he has moved voluntarily he moves normally thereafter.
Largest MU: a Corps d'Armée.
Leader Casualties: Maréchal Ney and all ADCs may not be replaced. Ney may replace Napoléon if he is killed or wounded.
Leaders of Special Ability — Artillery: Napoléon, Drouot, Saint-Maurice. Cavalry: Kellermann, Milhaud.
Light Cavalry Leaders eligible to roll for initiative: I Corps — Jacquinot, Bruno, Gobrecht; II Corps — Piré, Huber, Wathiez; VI Corps — Domon, Dommanget, Vinot; Imperial Guard — Lefebvre-Desnouettes; I Cavalry Corps — Pajol, Subervie, Colbert, Merlin. (Per series rule 8.5, a cavalry division leader whose brigade leaders are all light cavalry leaders can form a divisional MU via Light Cavalry Initiative.)

5.2 Anglo-Allied

Command Points: the Army of the Low Countries gets one CP each for Picton, Hill and Orange (Corps Leaders), for 3 total; Wellington (Army Leader) generates no CP of his own but instead creates MUs via his "ride."
Largest MU: a Division (5.2.5).
Wellington's Ride: during the Command Point Segment the Wellington counter moves (with his ADCs able to accompany him) using his full Movement Potential, spending 1 extra MP in the hex of each brigade leader he contacts (in addition to normal hex cost); every brigade leader so contacted may form a MU that turn only. On turns Wellington rode this way, he may move up to half his printed Movement Potential (5.5 MP) during the Maneuver Segment.
Wellington's ADCs (Somerset, Canning, de Lancey, Gordon): if stacked with Wellington at the start of the Command Point Segment, each may "fly" (unlimited MP for this move) to any brigade leader on the map and, by remaining stacked with him for the turn, let him form a MU that turn. To be used again this way the ADC must first fly back to Wellington, paying normal terrain costs.
Orange, Hill and Picton must each spend their own CP only on their own corps (Orange can't abstain so Picton gets two, for instance). If one of them is stacked with one of his own division leaders, that division leader may form a division-sized MU of his In-Command brigade leaders and their units.

HISTORICAL NOTE: Prince William of Orange commands I Corps, Hill commands II Corps, and Sir Thomas Picton commands the Reserve Corps. Picton was technically the 5th Division's commander, with Wellington himself heading the Reserve Corps, but in Wellington's absence Picton would assume command of the larger formation, as he did at Quatre Bras.
Prince William of Orange-Nassau's modifiers act positively when he is stacked with a Nassau, Dutch or Belgian unit, and negatively when stacked with a British, KGL, Brunswick or Hanoverian unit.
Static Positions for Anglo-Allied command: La Haye Sainte (buildings, orchard, kitchen garden — 4 hexes); Chateau Frischermont (buildings and formal gardens — 2 hexes); Chateau Goumont (buildings, formal garden, large and small orchard, woods, 3 clearings, covered way, hedgelined entrance way — 57 hexes).
Leader Casualties: Wellington and all ADCs may not be replaced. If Wellington is killed outright (not merely wounded and temporarily off-map), his specific command assets leave the game and Picton, Hill and Orange carry on under the 5.2.5 restrictions.
Van Merlen's cavalry brigade counts as part of I Corps for command purposes despite technically belonging to the Cavalry Corps.
The Brunswick contingent is a Division of three brigades (Avante-Garde, Light, Line); if Picton is stacked with Olfermans he may form a MU with it per 5.2.5.

5.3 Prussians

Command Points: one Army Leader (Blücher) and three Corps Leaders (Ziethen, Pirch, von Bülow) in the Army of the Lower Rhine, for up to four CPs when all four are on the map.
Largest MU: a Corps.
Leader Casualties: all ADCs may not be replaced. General Gneisenau may replace Blücher; acting as army leader his Command Span is 5 hexes.
Leaders of Special Ability — Cavalry: Blücher.
Light Cavalry Leaders eligible to roll for initiative: I Armee-Corps — Lützow; II Armee-Corps — Sohr, Schulenburg; IV Armee-Corps — Preussen, Schwerin, Watzdorf, Sydow. (Per series rule 8.5, a cavalry division leader whose brigade leaders are all light cavalry leaders can form a divisional MU via Light Cavalry Initiative.)

6.0 Special Rules

6.1 Obscured Units. Anglo-Dutch units may start the game obscured (marked with a blank or number marker instead of revealed) if deployed in Woods, Forest, Orchard, Cultivated Ground, Farm/Special Structure or Town terrain. In addition, the following may start obscured regardless of terrain, but lose Obscured status immediately if they move to a new hex or a French unit comes within 15 hexes: Hill's II Corps (except Mitchell's Brigade), the Cavalry Corps' heavy cavalry, the cavalry brigades of Grant, Arenschildt, Dörnberg, Ghigny and van Merlen, the Brunswick Contingent, Chassé's 3rd Dutch-Belgian Division, von Kruse's Nassau Contingent, and the Royal Horse Artillery troops of Bull, Whinyates, Smith, Mercer and Ramsay.

Zones of Influence: an obscured stack exerts an Infantry ZOI into all adjacent hexes regardless of actual formation, and does not trigger Opportunity Reactions for MPs spent in an enemy ZOI/Opportunity Charge Zone.
LOS: obscured stacks block Line of Sight.
Formation: any allowed by the occupied terrain.
Movement: an obscured stack may move and keep its status as long as it stays in qualifying terrain throughout the move; it moves on the normal MU/Leader/Regroup chit and may split into multiple obscured stacks.
Fire Combat: obscured stacks may fire without losing their marker.
Targeting: only units in Skirmish Order adjacent to the target hex may deliberately fire on an Obscured unit (though ricochet, howitzer or rocket fire may hit one by accident without revealing it, barring an AAW explosion).
Assault/Charge: an Obscured unit may be targeted without being revealed first. Heavy cavalry may not Charge an Obscured stack; cavalry that does Charge one halves its Mêlée Value. Non-Skirmish-Order assaulting units subtract 6 from their Roll to Close. Skirmish Order units may Retreat Before Assault/Charge without losing Obscured status.
Becoming Revealed: happens the instant the unit leaves qualifying terrain (or, for the special units listed above, moves or has a French unit close within 15 hexes), a non-obscured friendly unit moves in and stays, or the stack Rolls to Stand against an Assault or Charge. A revealed stack keeps its facing and formation.

6.2 Anglo-Allied Special Units

6.2.1 Special Battalions and their Light Company(s): several Allied battalions are represented by more than the usual two counters (parent + light company) to reflect extending their line beyond the normal two-hex maximum, running an extended skirmish screen, or detaching several companies at once; all of a Special Battalion's counters may always stack together as one unit. British Special Battalions: 2/1st Foot Guards (11 Increments, 4 counters), 3/1st Foot Guards (12, 4), 2/2nd (Coldstream) Foot Guards (12, 4), 2/3rd (Scots) Foot Guards (12, 4), 1/52nd (Oxfordshire) Foot (12, 4), 1/71st (Highland) Foot (10, 4), 1st KGL Light Battalion (6, 3), 1/51st (2nd Yorkshire [West Riding]) Foot (7, 3).

6.2.2 Special Light Companies: several Allied battalions could deploy any part of themselves independently, and can reconstitute a destroyed light company by placing the company counter atop its parent battalion (deducting the casualty from the battalion instead); the reconstituted company may move immediately only if its parent hasn't already moved and is active this turn, otherwise it waits for the parent's next activation. These units: all British Guards battalions, all KGL Light battalions (1st and 2nd), the 1st and 2nd battalions of the 95th (Rifles) Foot, and the 23rd (Royal Welch Fusiliers) Foot.

6.2.3 Allied Cavalry (Brunswick, Hanoverian, Dutch, Belgian): may move, Charge, Opportunity Charge or Reaction Charge only while stacked with or adjacent to their Brigade leader, and may not move during the Regroup Chit. Declaring a Charge requires a special pre-charge Morale Check first; failing it with a natural 11-16 causes an immediate Rout, while failing it with a natural roll above 16 leaves the unit in place, undisordered, with its movement ended. The same natural-11-16-Routs rule applies to a failed Morale Check for Opportunity Charge or Reaction Charge. (Reaction Charges apply only under the Règlements de l'An XXX.)

6.2.4 Whinyate's Troop of Royal Horse Artillery: mixed 6-pounder and Congreve rocket unit, an ordinary artillery unit except as follows. It may make either an artillery Fire Attack or a Rocket Fire Attack (never both at once). A Rocket Fire Attack is resolved by drawing a line from the battery through the target hex out to 12 hexes and marking that end hex with the Howitzer Scatter Marker; roll two dice, count that many hexes out along the line, move the Scatter Marker there facing its "1" toward the battery, then roll one die — a 1 means the marked hex is hit, otherwise the rocket scatters in the marker's indicated direction by a further die roll's worth of hexes, and that hex is the target. Rockets have a Fire Value of 3; a cavalry unit that loses a casualty to rocket fire suffers -6 to the resulting Morale Check. If a friendly unit is ever hit by mistake, the Duke bans further rocket use for the rest of the game. Field guns range 8, rockets range 12; rocket attacks need no LOS to the target. Ammunition: field guns follow the series rules for AAW/ammunition; rockets are limited to 4 Fire Attacks total.

6.3 French Old Guard (Vieille Garde)

6.3.1 Old Guard Infantry: for every rule concerning the Old Guard, these eight battalions qualify — 1er and 2e Régiment de grenadiers à pied, 3e and 4e Régiment de grenadiers à pied, 1er and 2e Régiment de chasseurs à pied, 3e and 4e Régiment de chasseurs à pied.

6.3.2 Old Guard Mounted Band: the Musiciens à cheval de la garde (treated as a cavalry unit; ignore its printed Fire Value) gives +9 to the Morale Check dice roll of any French unit within 4 hexes attempting to recover Good Order from PGD at the start of the Reorganization Segment.

6.4 Prussian Unit Restrictions

6.4.1 Line Formation: Prussian infantry with a Morale Rating of 23 or less deploy into Line at the normal 1 MP formation-change cost; all other Prussian infantry must spend 5 MPs to do so.

6.4.2 Landwehr Cavalry: must pass a Morale Check before a Charge marker can be placed (this check may be made any time they have LOS to a potential target, even before declaring); failure means no Charge marker this turn and movement ends. Despite a Movement Potential of 12, Prussian Landwehr Cavalry counts as light cavalry.

6.5 Armored Cavalry. The following are Armored Cavalry: IIIe Corps de cavalerie de la Reserve/11e Division (8e and 11e Régiment de Cuirassiers); IIIe Corps de cavalerie de la Reserve/12e Division (1er and 2e Régiment de Carabiniers, 2e and 3e Régiment de Cuirassiers); IVe Corps de cavalerie de la Reserve/13e Division (1er, 4e, 7e and 12e Régiment de cuirassiers); IVe Corps de cavalerie de la Reserve/14e Division (5e, 6e, 9e and 10e Régiment de cuirassiers).

6.6 Casualties. Many units already suffered casualties on 16-17 June; units that fought at Ligny or Quatre Bras may start June 18th carrying casualty markers, shown in scenario setups with a bullet and, where applicable, a number of Increments already lost (e.g. •3). When applying losses to a regiment, apportion them evenly starting with its lowest-numbered battalion unless told otherwise.

6.7 Night. Night falls starting with the 9:20 PM turn; apply the series Night rules from that point.

6.8 Terminus Hex. The Terminus Hex for Prussian units entering via any road/trail hex is the village of Smohain; for the optional French units entering from the south edge road, it is the town of Maransart.

6.9 Howitzer Batteries. The Prussian I. Armee-Corps artillery contingent includes a howitzer battery, as does the British Army's Bull's battery; all howitzer rules apply to both.

6.10 Cavalry Skirmish Order. The Fire Defense Chart's cavalry-skirmisher row applies only under the Règlements de l'An XXX.

6.11 Artillery Ammunition. Prussian and Anglo-Allied batteries/AAW may not be resupplied with artillery ammunition; normal resupply rules apply to French field artillery.

7.0 Scenario 1: Chateau Goumont

7.1 Play Area. Northwest and Southwest maps. No French unit may enter the Northwest map. No units may move west of the Nivelles Highway, nor within ten hexes of the Bruxelles Highway.

7.2 Time. Fought in three pulses, each with its own start/end time below.

7.3 Command. All Anglo-Allied units except the 1st Foot Guard belong to the Chateau Goumont Static Position (5.2.6, series rule 8.8). Place 1 French MU marker plus the Action Chits in the draw cup; when the French MU marker is drawn, all In-Command French units may move, Action Chits resolve normally, and the Anglo-Allied troops move during the Regroup Chit as part of the Static Position.

7.4 Victory. Major French Victory: no Anglo-Dutch infantry on the Southwest map at the end of the 1st pulse. Minor French Victory: none there at the end of the 2nd pulse. French Victory: none there at any point during the 3rd pulse. British Victory: deny the French any of the above by holding the chateau and formal garden through all three pulses.

7.5 1st Pulse (French set up first). Time: 11:20 AM to 1:20 PM.

French Deployment:

II corps marker on the numeral: IIe Corps d'Armée — Général de Division Honoré Charles, le Comte Reille; ADC Général de Division le Baron Pamphile Lacroix; 1er Bataillon/1er Régiment de sapeurs (corps asset).
II corps marker within 6 hexes (and within 7 of the Nivelles Highway): 6e Division d'Infanterie — Général de Division le Prince Jérôme Bonaparte; 1er Régiment d'infanterie légère; 1er Régiment d'infanterie de ligne •••; 2e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne •; 3e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne • (see Errata 3.1.1); 2e Cie./2e Régiment d'artillerie à pied. (Bullets mark starting casualties, apportioned evenly among battalions where possible.)
Mon Plaisir (within 9 hexes of the chateau of that name): 2e Cie./4e Régiment d'artillerie à cheval.

Anglo-Dutch Deployment:

Chateau Goumont (building hex): light companies of the 1st Infantry Division/2nd British Brigade — 2/2nd (Coldstream) Regiment of Foot Guards (2), 2/3rd (Scots) Regiment of Foot Guards (2).
Chateau Goumont (orchard): light companies of the 1st Infantry Division/1st British Brigade — 2/1st Regiment of Foot Guards (2), 3/1st Regiment of Foot Guards (2).
Chateau Goumont (woods): 2nd Dutch-Belgian Infantry Division/2nd Brigade — 3/2nd Nassau Regiment •; 3rd Infantry Division/1st Hanoverian Brigade — Feldjäger Korps (2 companies).

French Reinforcements at 12:00 PM: IIIe Corps de Cavalerie de la Reserve (marker within 2 hexes) — 11e Division de Grosse Cavalerie with 3e Cie./2e Régiment d'artillerie à cheval, and 12e Division de Grosse Cavalerie with 2e Cie./2e Régiment d'artillerie à cheval (both treated as Army Assets, attachable to any division leader).

Anglo-Dutch Reinforcements: at 11:40 AM, Chapelle Saint-Etienne (within 3 hexes) — Bull's Troop RHA, Smith's Troop RHA, Battery Bolton RA, 1st Battery "Sympher" Horse Artillery KGL. At 12:00 PM, marker C within 3 hexes — I Army Corps/1st Infantry Division (Major General Sir George Cooke) with Battery Sandham RA; 1st British Brigade (Major General Sir Peregrine Maitland) — 2/1st Regiment of Foot Guards ••, 3/1st Regiment of Foot Guards (these two battalion counters may not move, but may reconstitute eliminated light companies per 6.2.2); 2nd British Brigade (Major General Sir John Byng) — 2/2nd (Coldstream) Regiment of Foot Guards, 2/3rd (Scots) Regiment of Foot Guards, 2nd Battery "Kühlmann" Horse Artillery KGL.

7.6 2nd Pulse (French set up first). Time: 3:20 PM to 5:20 PM.

Special Rules: units that ended the 1st pulse on the Northwest map redeploy anywhere within that pulse's scenario area, except no French unit may set up in a distinct chateau-grounds area (defined by hedges) that an Allied unit occupied at the end of the 1st pulse — the area comprises a 9-hex clearing, a 6-hex clearing, a 1-hex clearing, two woods areas, one orchard, one chateau hex, two formal-garden hexes, and the sunken way/entrance area. All French units must deploy within their Divisional Leader's Command Span. Any unit that ended the 1st pulse in PGD or Disorder recovers Good Order by the start of this pulse.

French Deployment (in addition to the 1st pulse): II corps marker within 2 hexes — 9e Division d'Infanterie (Général de Division Maximilien Sébastien Foy) — 92e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne •, 93e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 1re Cie./6e Régiment d'artillerie à pied.

Anglo-Dutch Deployment (in addition to the 1st pulse): marker C within 5 hexes — II Army Corps/2nd Infantry Division/1st KGL Brigade — 2nd KGL Line Battalion.

7.7 3rd Pulse (French set up first). Time: 6:00 PM to 8:20 PM.

French Deployment: as in the 2nd pulse, plus 9e Division d'Infanterie — 4e Régiment d'infanterie légère •••, 100e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne • (marker within 2 hexes; Foy must start so this brigade is within his Command Span).

Anglo-Dutch Deployment (in addition to the 2nd pulse): marker C within 3 hexes — Army Reserve Corps/Brunswick Contingent/Avant-Garde Brigade — Avant-Garde Battalion (both counters); 2nd Dutch-Belgian Infantry Division/2nd Brigade — 2/2nd Nassau Regiment •••.

8.0 Scenario 2: The Grand Battery

8.1 Play Area. All four maps. Solitaire play only.

8.2 Special Rules. Once placed, units may not move voluntarily; units that become PGD are removed from play. Command rules are not used. Artillery simply fires twice per turn — once for the Artillery Chit and once during the Fire Segment.

8.3 Time. 1:00 PM to 1:40 PM.

8.4 Victory. Not applicable.

8.5 Anglo-Dutch Deployment. Marker Bj within 1 hex: I Army Corps/2nd Dutch-Belgian Infantry Division (Lt. General H.G. le Baron de Perponcher-Sedlinitzky)/1st Brigade (Major General W.F. Graf van Bijlandt) — 27th Dutch Jaeger battalion •, 7th Belgian line infantry battalion, 5th Dutch militia battalion ••, 7th Dutch militia battalion, 8th Dutch militia battalion, Dutch horse artillery battery Bijleveld.

8.6 French Deployment. Marker B within 3 hexes, on the plateau (3 of the listed batteries should be placed adjacent to the highway and out of play — the French player chooses which; all batteries begin unlimbered): the Grande Batterie of the Armée du Nord under Général de division Charles-Etienne-François Ruty, Comte de l'Empire, and Général de division Jean-Jacques Desvaux de Saint-Maurice, Baron de l'Empire — Ier Corps d'armée's 10e, 11e, 19e and 20e Cie./6e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; IIe Corps d'Armée's 7e Cie./2e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; VIe Corps d'armée's 4e Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; and the Reserve d'artillerie du Garde Impériale under Lieutenant Général Henry-Dominique Lallemand, Baron de l'Empire — 1re, 2e, 3e and 4e Cie. d'artillerie à pied de la Vieille Garde.

9.0 Scenario 3: Papelotte

9.1 Play Area. Northeast map only, west of and including the 28th hex row.

9.2 Special Rules

9.2.1 Command: French get 1 CP/turn; Anglo-Allied forces get 1 CP/turn plus the Frischermont Static Position (5.2.6, series rule 8.8); Prussians get 1 CP for Ziethen (lost until his return if he is wounded). Light cavalry leaders of both sides may roll for Light Cavalry Initiative.

9.2.2 Returning Units: French units that rout off the map may return via the southern map edge west of the Bois de Frischermont.

9.2.3 Cavalry Reinforcements: the listed Anglo-Dutch and French cavalry reinforcements are optional, but if one side deploys theirs the other side must too; regardless, Jacquinot's cavalry enters at 4:00 PM if the scenario continues past that turn.

9.2.4 Night falls at 9:20 PM.

9.3 Time. 1:00 PM to 3:40 PM. Continuation: if the French have won by the end of the 3:40 PM turn (see Victory), play resumes at 5:00 PM and ends at 10:00 PM.

9.4 Victory. French: take and hold the Maison Martin Casacque, the Fermes Papelotte and La Haie, and the village and Chateau of Frischermont by the end of the 3:40 PM turn, then keep any Prussian infantry from voluntarily exiting the southern map edge before the 8:20 PM turn. Anglo-Dutch: deny the French win and exit the Vandeleur and Vivian cavalry brigades off the western map edge by the 6:00 PM turn. Prussian: voluntarily exit one infantry brigade and one battery off the southern map edge east of the 8th hex row before the 8:20 PM turn.

9.5 French Deployment (sets up first). Marker à Droit, at least 8 but no more than 15 hexes from the western map edge and within 3 hexes of the southern map edge: Ier Corps d'armée/4e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division Pierre-François-Joseph Durutte, Comte de l'Empire) — 8e, 29e, 85e and 95e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 9e Cie./6e Régiment d'artillerie à pied.

9.6 Anglo-Dutch Deployment. La Marache (any dwelling hex or its cultivated terrain, within 5 hexes of Smohain — see Victory): I Army Corps/2nd Dutch-Belgian Infantry Division/2nd Brigade (Major General H.S.H. Prinz von Saxe-Weimar) — 1/28th and 2/28th Orange-Nassau Regiment (1st battalion •), 1/2nd and 2/2nd Nassau Regiment (both •), 28th Nassau Jäger Kompanie. (Stevenart's Battery was effectively destroyed at Quatre-Bras and does not appear here.)

9.7 French Reinforcements. À Droit, anywhere on the southern map edge west of the Bois de Frischermont, at 1:00 PM: Cavalerie du Ier Corps d'armée/Ire Division de Cavalerie Légère (Général de division Charles-Claude Jacquinot, Baron de l'Empire) with 2e Cie./1er Régiment d'artillerie à cheval — 1re Brigade (Général de brigade François-Xavier Bruno, Baron de l'Empire): 7e Régiment de hussards, 3e Régiment de chasseurs à cheval; 2e Brigade (Général de brigade Martin-Charles Gobrecht, Baron de l'Empire): 3e and 4e Régiment de chevau-légers lanciers.

9.8 Anglo-Dutch Reinforcements. La Marache, western map edge within 20 hexes of the northern map edge: at 1:00 PM, Cavalry Corps/6th Cavalry Brigade (Major General Sir Hussey Vivian) — 10th (Prince of Wales' Own) Hussars, 18th (King's Irish) Hussars, 1st KGL Hussars (see Errata 3.1.2 swap); at 2:20 PM, Cavalry Corps/4th Cavalry Brigade (Major General Sir John Vandeleur) — 11th Light Dragoons, 12th (Prince of Wales') Light Dragoons, 16th (The Queen's) Light Dragoons.

9.9 Prussian Reinforcements. Smohain, northern map edge within 3 hexes of the Ruisseau Smohain, entering across the afternoon and evening: at 5:00 PM, Preußische Armee vom Niederrhein/I. Armee-Corps (Generalleutnant Wieprecht Hans Karl Friedrich Ernst Heinrich von Ziethen; Chef des Generalstabes Oberstleutnant Ludwig August Friedrich Karl von Reiche as an unnamed ADC counter) — I. Armee-Corps Reserve-Kavallerie (Generalleutnant Friedrich Erhard Leopold von Röder)/1. Kavallerie-Brigade (Generalmajor Karl Alexander Wilhelm von Treskow II) — Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 2 •, Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 5 •, Uhlanen-Regiment Nr. 3 •; plus 1. Infanterie-Brigade's Husaren-Regiment Nr. 4 •. At 5:40 PM: 1. Kavallerie-Brigade's 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 2; 1. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Karl Friedrich Franziskus von Steinmetz) — Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 12 (•6), 24. Infanterie-Regiment (•6), 3. & 4. Kompanie/Schlesisches Schützen-Bataillon, 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 7. At 7:00 PM: I. Armee-Corps Reserve-Artillerie (Generalmajor Karl Freiherr von Holtzendorff) — 12 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 2, 12 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 9, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 1, 7 pf. Haubitzenbatterie Nr. 1, 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 10. At 7:20 PM: 1. Infanterie-Brigade's 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 7. At 7:40 PM: 2. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Otto Karl Lorenz von Pirch II) — Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 6 •••, F/28. Infanterie-Regiment (•6), I./28. and II./28. Infanterie-Regiment (both •), I./2. Westfälisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•5), II./2. Westfälisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•6) (its 3rd battalion was destroyed at Ligny and does not appear). At 8:20 PM: 3. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Ludwig von Jagow) — Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 7 •••, 29. Infanterie-Regiment •••, 3. Westfälisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•16), 1. & 2. Kompanie/Schlesisches Schützen-Bataillon.

10.0 Scenario 4: La Haye Sainte

10.1 Play Area. Northwest map only, east of and including the 12th hex row. No unit may move north of the hedged, sunken Chemin de Ohain.

10.2 Special Rules. Fought in pulses of three turns each; if the French hold the chateau hex at the end of any pulse they win. French units may not assault Ross's Battery.

10.3 Time. 1st pulse: 1:00 PM-1:40 PM (if the French don't hold the chateau by the end, their forces are removed from the map before the 2nd pulse). 2nd pulse: 2:20 PM-3:00 PM (same removal rule applies before the 3rd pulse). 3rd pulse: 5:20 PM-6:00 PM.

10.4 Command. All units are In Command. Place 1 French MU marker, 1 Anglo-Allied MU marker and the Action Chits in the cup; drawing either MU marker lets that whole side move, and Action Chits resolve normally.

10.5 Victory. French win by taking every La Haye Sainte hex (Orchard, Kitchen Garden, Gravel Pit, and the Dwelling itself) — historically achieved in the 3rd pulse, but by then Prussian pressure left no French reserves to exploit it, so the capture only counts if achieved in the 1st or 2nd pulse. Anglo-Dutch win by holding at least one of the Orchard, Kitchen Garden or Dwelling hexes for the scenario's whole length.

10.6 First Pulse

Anglo-Dutch Deployment: La Haye Sainte (chateau/kitchen garden/orchard) — I Army Corps/3rd Infantry Division/2nd KGL Brigade's 2nd KGL Light battalion; La Haye Sainte (gravel pit) — Army Reserve Corps/5th Infantry Division/8th British Brigade's Light Company, 1st/95th (Rifles) Foot; La Haye Sainte (within 2 hexes of the crossroads) — Army Reserve Corps's Ross' Troop RHA.

French Deployment: southern map edge adjacent to the Bruxelles highway — Ier Corps d'Armée/1re Division d'Infanterie — 1/54e and 1/55e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne.

10.7 Second Pulse

Anglo-Dutch Deployment: as above, plus adjacent to Ross's Troop — I Army Corps/3rd Infantry Division/1st Hanoverian Brigade's Lüneburg Feld Bataillon •; and at La Haye Sainte (chateau/kitchen garden/orchard) — 3rd Infantry Division/2nd KGL Brigade's two 1st KGL Light Battalion light companies.

French Deployment: southern map edge adjacent to the Bruxelles highway — Ier Corps d'Armée/1re Division d'Infanterie's full 54e and 55e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne (all battalions); IVe Corps de Cavalerie de la Reserve/13e Division de Grosse Cavalerie (part) — 7e and 12e Régiment de cuirassiers.

Anglo-Dutch Reinforcements: at marker Om (once placed, the unit must Charge) — Cavalry Corps/1st (Household) Cavalry Brigade's 1st (King's) Dragoon Guards.

10.8 Third Pulse

Anglo-Dutch Deployment: as in the 2nd pulse, minus any units destroyed or forced off the play area, and minus the 1st Dragoon Guards (no cavalry this pulse); plus La Haye Sainte (chateau/kitchen garden/orchard) — 3rd Infantry Division/2nd KGL Brigade's Light Company, 5th KGL Line Battalion. (For this entire pulse, Anglo-Dutch units may make only one Opportunity Fire Attack, one Fire Segment Fire Attack, and one Offensive/Defensive Fire Attack in the Assault Segment.)

French Deployment: southern map edge adjacent to the Bruxelles highway — Maréchal Michel Ney, duc d'Elchingen, Prince de la Moscowa; Ier Corps d'Armée/2e Division d'Infanterie's 13e Régiment d'infanterie légère, 2e Bataillon/1er Régiment de sapeurs.

11.0 Scenario 5: Plancenoit

11.1 Play Area. Southeast map only.

11.2 Time. 4:00 PM to 10:00 PM.

11.3 Special Rules. Routed units may reorganize and return to play only if Prussian units exit/re-enter via the northern map edge east of the Bois de Paris, and French units exit/re-enter via the western map edge south of the Chapelle Saint-Roch; units exiting elsewhere are destroyed. No Prussian unit may voluntarily move within 10 hexes of the western map edge unless the Prussians have undisputed control (a Prussian unit in Good Order present at the end of the French player-turn) of the church and four town hexes of Plancenoit.

11.4 Victory. French win by holding the church and four town hexes of Plancenoit under undisputed control. Prussians win by exiting one infantry battalion off the western map edge. Anglo-Dutch win if the French player commits Group C of his reserve (9.9).

11.5 Command. Prussians get 1 CP each for Blücher, Bülow and Pirch I (3 total when all are on the map). Lobau gets 1 CP and is treated as permanently Activated and within ten hexes of Napoléon, letting him form a Corps-sized MU every turn.

11.6 Prussian Deployment (sets up first). Bois de Paris (in the woods or an adjacent hex): Preußische Armee vom Niederrhein (Generalfeldmarschall Fürst Gebhardt Lebrecht Blücher von Wahlstatt; Chef des Generalstabes der Armee Generalleutnant Graf August Wilhelm Anton Neidhardt von Gneisenau; ADCs Generalleutnant Graf Hochberg von Baden and General der Infanterie Prinz Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich August von Preussen)/IV. Armee-Corps (Generalleutnant Graf Friedrich Wilhelm Bülow von Dennewitz; Generalmajor Georg Wilhelm von Valentini) — 15. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Michael Heinrich von Losthin): 18. Infanterie-Regiment, 3. and 4. Schlesisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 14, 1. & 2. Escadron/3. Schlesisches LKR; 16. Infanterie-Brigade (Oberst Johann Friedrich August Baron Hiller von Gaertringen): 15. Infanterie-Regiment, 1. and 2. Schlesisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 2, 3. & 4. Escadron/3. Schlesisches LKR; IV. Armee-Corps Reserve-Kavallerie (General der Kavallerie Friedrich Wilhelm Karl Prinz von Preussen, the future Kaiser Wilhelm I) — 1. Kavallerie-Brigade (Oberst Graf Wilhelm Werner Otto von Schwerin): Husaren-Regiment Nr. 6, Uhlanen-Regiment Nr. 1, 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 1; 2. Kavallerie-Brigade (Oberstleutnant Karl Anton Jakob von Watzdorf): 8. Husaren-Regiment, 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 12; IV. Armee-Corps Reserve-Artillerie — 12 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 3, Nr. 5 and Nr. 13, 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 11, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 11.

11.7 French Deployment. Eglise de Plancenoit, within 24 hexes of the church but within 12 of the northern map edge: Cavalerie du IIIe Corps d'armée/3e Division de Cavalerie Légère (Général de division Jean-Simon Domon, Baron de l'Empire) with 4e Cie./2e Régiment d'artillerie à cheval — 1re Brigade (Général de brigade Jean-Baptiste Dommanget, Baron de l'Empire): 4e and 9e Régiment de chasseurs à cheval (both •); 2e Brigade (Général de brigade Gilbert-Julien Vinot, Baron de l'Empire): 12e Régiment de chasseurs à cheval •; and Ier Corps de Cavalerie de la Reserve/5e Division de Cavalerie Légère (Général de division Jacques-Gervais Subervie, Baron de l'Empire) with 3e Cie./1er Régiment d'artillerie à cheval — 1re Brigade (Général de brigade Louis-Pierre-Alphonse comte de Colbert): 1er Régiment de chevau-légers lanciers, 2e Régiment de chevau-légers lanciers ••; 2e Brigade (Général de Brigade Antoine-François-Eugène Merlin, Chevalier de l'Empire): 11e Régiment de chasseurs à cheval. Le Plateau Droite, within 10 hexes of the northern map edge but within 15 of the western edge: VIe Corps d'armée (Général de division Georges Mouton comte de Lobau; Chef d'état-major Général de brigade Antoine-Simon Durrieu, Baron de l'Empire) — 19e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division François-Martin-Valentin Simmer, Baron de l'Empire): 5e, 11e, 27e and 84e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 1e Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; 20e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division Jean-Baptiste Jeanin, Baron de l'Empire): 5e Régiment d'infanterie légère, 10e and 107e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 2e Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; Reserve d'artillerie du VIe Corps d'armée — 4e Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied, Garde Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à cheval.

11.8 Prussian Reinforcements (all enter at the Bois de Paris, northern map edge east of the woods): at 5:20 PM, IV. Armee-Corps Reserve-Kavallerie's 3. Kavallerie-Brigade (Generalmajor Hans Joachim Friedrich von Sydow) — 1. and 2. Neumärkisches Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment, 1. and 2. Pommersches Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment, 1. Schlesisches Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment. At 5:40 PM, IV. Armee-Corps' 14. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Anton Friedrich Karl von Ryssel or Oberst Friedrich Wilhelm von Funck, per 3.2.2.2) — Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 11, 1. and 2. Pommersches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 13, 3. & 4. Escadron/2. Schlesisches LKR. At 6:00 PM, 13. Infanterie-Brigade (GL Albrecht Georg Ernst Karl von Hake) — Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 10, 2. and 3. Neumärkisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 21, 1. & 2. Escadron/2. Schlesisches LKR. At 6:40 PM, II. Armee-Corps (Generalmajor Georg Dubislav Ludwig von Pirch I; Chef des Generalstabes Oberst Ernst Ludwig von Aster) — Reserve-Kavallerie/2. Kavallerie-Brigade (Oberstleutnant Friedrich Georg Ludwig von Sohr, since Major General von Wahlen-Jürgass, its normal commander, was shot at Ligny) — Husaren-Regiment Nr. 3 •, Husaren-Regiment Nr. 5 •; 5. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Ernst Ludwig Freiherr von Tippelskirch) — Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 2 •, 25. Infanterie-Regiment •, 5. Westfälisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•15), Feldjäger-Kompanie, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 10 •, 1. & 2. Escadron/Husaren-Regiment Nr. 11; also IV. Armee-Corps Reserve-Kavallerie's 1. Kavallerie-Brigade's 10. Husaren-Regiment. At 7:20 PM, II. Armee-Corps' 6. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Karl August Adolf von Krafft) — Colbergsches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 9 •••, 26. Infanterie-Regiment •••, 1. Elbe Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•14), 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 5 •, 3. & 4. Escadron/Husaren-Regiment Nr. 11. At 8:00 PM, 7. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Friedrich August Wilhelm von Brause) — 14. Infanterie-Regiment •, 22. Infanterie-Regiment •, 2. Elbe Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•13), 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 34, 1. & 3. Escadron/Elbe Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment •••. At 8:20 PM, 8. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Karl August Joseph Freiherr von Bose) — I. & II. Bataillon/21. Infanterie-Regiment ••, 23. Infanterie-Regiment •••, 3. Elbe Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•15), 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 12, 2. & 4. Escadron/Elbe Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment •• (the III/21. Infanterie-Regiment was detached to Namur and does not deploy with this brigade).

11.9 French Reinforcements. Committed by the French player group-by-group in alphabetical order — Group A no earlier than the beginning of any player turn after 5:00 PM, Group B only after Group A has been committed for at least one full turn, and Group C only a full turn after Group B. All enter at Chapelle Saint-Roch, western map edge, south of that landmark.

Group A — Jeune Garde Division (Général de division Philibert-Guillaume Duhesme, Comte de l'Empire): 1er Régiment de tirailleurs, 1er Régiment de voltigeurs •, Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à pied, 3e Régiment de tirailleurs, 3e Régiment de voltigeurs, a second Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à pied.
Group B — Vieille Garde: 1er/2e Régiment de grenadiers à pied de la garde •, 1er/2e Régiment de chasseurs à pied de la garde (this brigade may Force March regardless of size or the lack of a divisional commander).
Group C — Moyenne Garde: 3e and 4e Régiment de grenadiers à pied de la garde (both •), 3e and 4e Régiment de chasseurs à pied de la garde.
Group D — Escorte du Quartier Général Impérial: 1 Escadron/Chasseurs à cheval de la garde, 1 Escadron/Chevau-légers lanciers de la garde, 1 Escadron/Dragons de l'Impératrice de la garde, Gendarmerie d'élite.

12.0 Scenario 6: The Grand Battle — La Bataille de Mont Saint-Jean

12.1 Play Area. All four maps.

12.2 Time. Unless an optional start time is used, begins with the 11:20 AM turn and ends at the close of the 10:20 PM turn.

12.3 Special Rules. Night begins with the 9:20 PM turn; in addition to the series Night effects, no units may go Prone.

12.4 Victory

French Decisive: force the Army of the Low Countries off the field by leaving no British unit in Good Order on the Northwest map section; or push the British contingent to Morale Level 3 while at most one French Corps is also at Level 3 by game's end; or kill/capture Wellington while no two French corps are at Morale Level 3 by game's end.
French Overwhelming: put the British contingent at Morale Level 3 while at most two French Corps are at Level 3 by game's end.
French Victory: put the British contingent at Morale Level 3 while at least one French corps is not at Level 3 by game's end.
Allied Decisive: kill or capture Napoléon Ier, l'Empereur des Français.
Allied Overwhelming: put the French Imperial Guard at Morale Level 3 at any point, or force Napoléon to quit the battlefield.
Allied Victory: keep a British presence on the field at any Morale Level other than 3.

12.5 Optional Start Times. The French player may instead start at 7:40 AM or 9:20 AM. Except where listed as reinforcements below, all units begin in their historical positions; units entering before 9:20 AM are treated as already in their historical position if the 9:20 AM start is chosen. All entries below are at à Genappe unless noted: at 7:40 AM, all units/leaders of the French IIe Corps d'armée; at 8:00 AM, all units/leaders of Kellermann's IIIe Reserve Cavalry Corps; at 8:20 AM, all units/leaders of the French Imperial Guard except the 1er Bataillon/1er Chasseurs à pied de la Garde; at 10:40 AM, VIe Corps d'armée (Général de division Georges Mouton comte de Lobau; Chef d'état-major Général de brigade Antoine-Simon Durrieu, Baron de l'Empire) — 19e and 20e Division d'Infanterie, Reserve d'artillerie du VIe Corps d'armée; and at 11:00 AM at à Waterloo et Bruxelles, all units/leaders of Lambert's 10th British Brigade.

Special Rules for the optional starts: before 11:30 AM, cavalry and artillery pay 2 MPs per clear-terrain hex (1 MP per hex in Road Column on a road/trail); cavalry get no charge bonus to Movement Potential; artillery attacks have no ricochet effect; there is no Force March.

12.6 French Deployment. L'Armée du Nord.

La Belle Alliance: Napoléon Ier, l'Empereur des Français; Major Général de l'Armée/Chef d'état-major Maréchal de l'Empire Nicolas-Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie; Général de division Henri-Gratien Bertrand, Comte de l'Empire, Grand maréchal du palais, Pair de France; Général de division Anne-Charles Lebrun duc de Plaisance; Général de division Jean-Baptiste-Juvénal Corbineau, Comte de l'Empire; Général de division Charles-Auguste-Joseph comte de Flahaut de la Billarderie; Général de division Pierre-François-Marie-Auguste comte Dejean; Général de division Charles-Etienne-François Ruty, Comte de l'Empire.
La Belle Alliance, within 3 hexes — Escorte du Quartier Général Impérial: 1 Escadron each of Chasseurs à cheval de la garde, Grenadiers à cheval de la garde, Chevau-légers lanciers de la garde, Dragons de l'Impératrice de la garde; Gendarmerie d'élite.
La Belle Alliance, adjacent to the highway within 4 hexes: Général de division Jean-Jacques Desvaux de Saint-Maurice, Baron de l'Empire — 1re, 2e, 3e and 4e Cie. d'artillerie à cheval de la Vieille Garde.
Between Maison Decoster and Ferme Rossomme, within 2 hexes of the road — Garde Impériale (Général de division Antoine Drouot, Comte de l'Empire; Musiciens à cheval de la garde): Vieille Garde/1re Division (Général de division Louis Friant, Comte de l'Empire) — 1er and 2e Régiment de grenadiers à pied (2e •), 5e Cie. d'artillerie à pied de la Vieille Garde, 3e and 4e Régiment de grenadiers à pied (both •), Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à pied; 2e Division (Général de division Charles-Antoine-Louis-Alexis Morand, Comte de l'Empire) — 2/1er and 2e Régiment de chasseurs à pied de la garde, 6e Cie. d'artillerie à pied de la Vieille Garde, 3e and 4e Régiment de chasseurs à pied de la garde, another Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à pied; Jeune Garde Division (Général de division Philibert-Guillaume Duhesme, Comte de l'Empire) — 1er Régiment de tirailleurs, 1er Régiment de voltigeurs •, Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à pied, 3e Régiment de tirailleurs •, 3e Régiment de voltigeurs •, another Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à pied; Reserve d'artillerie du Garde Impériale (Lieutenant Général Henry-Dominique Lallemand, Baron de l'Empire) — 1re, 2e, 3e and 4e Cie. d'artillerie à pied de la Vieille Garde; plus Génie de la garde impériale, Génie de la garde, Marins de la garde.
Between La Belle Alliance and Maison Decoster, within 2 hexes of the highway — VIe Corps d'armée (Général de division Georges Mouton comte de Lobau; Chef d'état-major Général de brigade Antoine-Simon baron Durrieu — Lobau may not start stacked with Napoléon): 19e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division François-Martin-Valentin Simmer, Baron de l'Empire) — 5e, 11e, 27e and 84e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 1re Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; 20e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division Jean-Baptiste Jeanin, Baron de l'Empire) — 5e Régiment d'infanterie légère, 10e and 107e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne (the 47e Ligne was detached to la Vendée and has no counter), 2e Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; Reserve d'artillerie du VIe Corps d'armée — 4e Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied, Garde Cie. Auxiliaire/Ligne Régiment d'artillerie à cheval.

12.7 French Reinforcements. At 1:00 PM, southern map edge/Bruxelles Highway: 1/1er Régiment de chasseurs à pied de la garde.

Two alternative optional reinforcement schedules bring on Grouchy's detached wing (l'Armée de la Moselle and Pajol's cavalry). Starting with the 5:40 PM turn and every turn after, roll two dice; a result of 33 or less brings on the next group in sequence during the Reinforcement Chit (each later group can only be rolled for once the previous group has arrived).

Optional French Reinforcements #1, entering via Maransart along the trail from the southern map edge:

Group 1 — IVe Corps d'armée, l'Armée de la Moselle (Général de division Maurice-Etienne Gérard, Comte de l'Empire — the corps ADC, Général de brigade Saint-Rémy, and the division commander Général de division Maurin were both wounded at Ligny; the French player may appoint Maurin's replacement): Cavalerie du IVe Corps d'armée/6e Division de Cavalerie with 3e Cie./3e Régiment d'artillerie à cheval — 1re Brigade (Général de brigade Louis Vallin, Baron de l'Empire): 6e Régiment de hussards, 8e Régiment de chasseurs à cheval; 2e Brigade (Général de brigade Pierre-Marie-Auguste Berruyer, Chevalier de l'Empire): 6e Régiment de dragons •, 16e Régiment de dragons.
Group 2 — IVe Corps d'armée/12e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division Marc-Nicolas-Louis Pêcheux, Baron de l'Empire): 30e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne ••••, 96e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne •••, 63e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne ••, 3/6e Régiment d'infanterie légère ••, 2e Cie./5e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; 13e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division Louis-Joseph Vichery, Baron de l'Empire): 59e, 76e and 48e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne (each •), 69e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne ••, 1re Cie./5e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; 14e Division d'Infanterie (Général de brigade Etienne Hulot de Mazerny, Baron de l'Empire): 9e Régiment d'infanterie légère ••, 111e, 44e and 50e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne (each •), 3e Cie./5e Régiment d'artillerie à pied; Reserve d'artillerie du IVe Corps d'armée: 4e and 5e Cie./5e Régiment d'artillerie à pied.
Group 3 — Ier Corps de Cavalerie de la Reserve (Général de division Claude-Pierre Pajol, Comte de l'Empire)/4e Division de Cavalerie Légère (Général de division Pierre-Benoît Soult, Baron de l'Empire) with 1re Cie./1er Régiment d'artillerie à cheval: 1re Brigade (Général de division Louis-Joseph-Auguste-Gabriel Saint-Laurent, Baron de l'Empire): 1er Régiment de hussards, 4e Régiment de hussards ••; 2e Brigade (Général de brigade Auguste-Jean-Joseph-Gilbert Ameil, Baron de l'Empire): 5e Régiment de hussards •.
Group 4 — VIe Corps d'armée/21e Division d'Infanterie (Général de division François-Antoine Teste, Baron de l'Empire): 8e Régiment d'infanterie légère, 1/65e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 75e Régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 3e Cie./8e Régiment d'artillerie à pied.

Optional French Reinforcements #2 (used when Pirch's II Prussian Corps does not arrive on its scheduled reinforcement turn) follows the same 5:40 PM-onward, 33-or-less roll procedure via Maransart, but stops after two groups:

Group 1 — identical to Group 1 above (IVe Corps d'armée/l'Armée de la Moselle staff and 6e Division de Cavalerie).
Group 2 — only the 13e and 14e Division d'Infanterie from Group 2 above (the 12e Division d'Infanterie and the Reserve d'artillerie are omitted from this variant).

12.8 Army of the Low Countries Deployment. The following groups may start Obscured (6.1) and, to further confuse the enemy, may also swap starting positions brigade-for-brigade (cavalry) or division/contingent-for-division (infantry) with each other; Royal Horse Artillery troops may swap with any listed cavalry brigade: Hill's II Corps except Mitchell's Brigade; the Cavalry Corps' heavy cavalry; the cavalry brigades of Grant, Arenschildt, Dörnberg, Ghigny and van Merlen; the Brunswick Contingent; Chassé's 3rd Dutch-Belgian Division; von Kruse's Nassau Contingent; and the RHA troops of Bull, Whinyates, Smith, Mercer and Ramsay (Lambert's Brigade may start Obscured but may not swap position). For example, Ponsonby's Brigade could swap with Dörnberg's Brigade, or Kruse's Nassauers with all of Chassé's Division, the Brunswickers, or Clinton's Division.

Marker V within 4 hexes — Army Reserve Corps/5th Infantry Division/5th Hanoverian Brigade (Colonel von Vincke): Giffhorn Landwehr Battalion •, Hameln, Hildesheim and Peine Landwehr Battalions; Cavalry Corps/4th Cavalry Brigade (Major General Sir John Vandeleur): 11th Light Dragoons, 12th (Prince of Wales') Light Dragoons, 16th (The Queen's) Light Dragoons; 6th Cavalry Brigade (Major General Sir Hussey Vivian): 10th (Prince of Wales' Own) Hussars, 18th (King's Irish) Hussars, 1st KGL Hussars (see Errata 3.1.2); Gardiner's Troop RHA.
Ferme La Haie, within 4 hexes (one battalion may deploy in Chateau Frischermont) — I Army Corps/2nd Dutch-Belgian Infantry Division/2nd Brigade (Major General H.S.H. Prinz von Saxe-Weimar): 1/28th and 2/28th Orange-Nassau Regiment, 1/2nd and 2/2nd Nassau Regiment (both •), 28th Nassau Jäger Kompanie (Stevenart's Battery, effectively destroyed at Quatre-Bras, does not appear).
Marker Bj within 1 hex — 2nd Dutch-Belgian Infantry Division (Lt. General H.G. le Baron de Perponcher-Sedlinitzky)/1st Brigade (Major General W.F. Graf van Bijlandt): 27th Dutch Jaeger Battalion •, 7th Belgian Line Battalion, 5th Dutch Militia Battalion ••, 7th and 8th Dutch Militia Battalions, Dutch Horse Artillery Battery Bijleveld.
Marker Be within 2 hexes — Army Reserve Corps/6th Infantry Division's Hanoverian Fussbatterie von Braun; 4th Hanoverian Brigade (Colonel Best): Verden, Lüneburg, Osterode and Münden Landwehr Bataillons.
Marker Pa within 2 hexes — 5th Infantry Division/9th British Brigade (Major General Sir Denis Pack): 3rd/1st (Royal) Foot, 2nd/44th (East Essex) Foot •, 1st/42nd (Royal Highland) Foot ••, 1st/92nd (Gordon Highlanders) Foot •.
Marker K within 2 hexes — 5th Infantry Division (Lt. General Sir Thomas Picton) with Roger's Battery RA; 8th British Brigade (Lt. General Sir James Kempt): 1st/28th (North Gloucestershire) Foot, 1st/32nd (Cornwall) Foot, 1st/79th (Cameron Highlanders) Foot ••, 1st/95th (Rifles) Foot.
Ferme Mont Saint-Jean, within 7 hexes of the chateau on the east side of the highway — Cavalry Corps/2nd (Union) Cavalry Brigade (Major General Sir William Ponsonby): 1st (Royal) Dragoons, 2nd (Royal North British) Dragoons (Scots Greys), 6th (Inniskilling) Dragoons.
Ferme Mont Saint-Jean, within 6 hexes on the west side of the highway — Cavalry Corps (Lt. General The Earl of Uxbridge)/1st (Household) Cavalry Brigade (Major General Lord Edward Somerset): 1st and 2nd Life Guards, Royal Horse Guards Blue, 1st (King's) Dragoon Guards.
Ferme Mont Saint-Jean, within 2 hexes of the chateau — Army Reserve Corps's Beane's Troop RHA; 6th Infantry Division's Sinclair's Troop RHA.
Mont Saint-Jean, within 10 hexes of both the village and the chateau — Cavalry Corps/Dutch-Belgian Cavalry Division (Lieutenant General Jean Marie Antoine Philippe, baron de Collaert) with Belgian Horse Batteries Petter and Pittius; Heavy Cavalry Brigade (Major General Albert Dominique Trip van Zoutland): 1st Dutch Carabineers, 2nd Belgian Carabineers, 3rd Dutch Carabineers; 1st Light Cavalry Brigade (Major General Charles Étienne Ghigny, Baron de l'Empire): 4th Dutch Light Dragoons, 8th Belgian Hussars; 2nd Light Cavalry Brigade (Major General Jean Baptiste van Merlen, Baron de l'Empire): 5th Belgian Light Dragoons •, 6th Dutch Hussars • (both).

12.9 Prussian Reinforcements. All Prussian units enter as reinforcements on the northeastern map at the first trail hex marked either "à Ohain" or "à Chapelle Saint-Lambert"; Smohain is the Terminus hex for units entering there. Entering at Chapelle Saint-Lambert unless marked otherwise:

1:00 PM — IV. Armee-Corps Reserve-Kavallerie/1. Kavallerie-Brigade (Oberst Graf Wilhelm Werner Otto von Schwerin): Husaren-Regiment Nr. 6.
1:20 PM — same brigade's Uhlanen-Regiment Nr. 1 and 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 1; IV. Armee-Corps Reserve-Artillerie's 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 11.
1:40 PM — IV. Armee-Corps (Generalleutnant Graf Friedrich Wilhelm Bülow von Dennewitz; Generalmajor Georg Wilhelm von Valentini)/15. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Michael Heinrich von Losthin): F/18. and 1/18. Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 14; Reserve-Kavallerie (General der Kavallerie Friedrich Wilhelm Karl Prinz von Preussen)/2. Kavallerie-Brigade (Oberstleutnant Karl Anton Jakob von Watzdorf): 8. Husaren-Regiment, 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 12.
2:00 PM — 15. Infanterie-Brigade's 2/18. Infanterie-Regiment, 3. and 4. Schlesisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 1. & 2. Escadron/3. Schlesisches LKR; Reserve-Artillerie's 12 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 3, Nr. 5 and Nr. 13, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 11.
2:20 PM — Preußische Armee vom Niederrhein army staff: Generalfeldmarschall Fürst Gebhardt Lebrecht Blücher von Wahlstatt; Chef des Generalstabes der Armee Generalleutnant Graf August Wilhelm Anton Neidhardt von Gneisenau; ADCs Generalleutnant Graf Hochberg von Baden and General der Infanterie Prinz Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich August von Preussen; Generalquartiermeister Generalmajor Karl Wilhelm Georg von Grolmann and ADC Oberst Ernst Heinrich Adolf von Pfuel (both unnamed ADC counters); Artillerie Generalmajor Karl Freiherr von Holtzendorff; plus IV. Armee-Corps' 16. Infanterie-Brigade (Oberst Johann Friedrich August Baron Hiller von Gaertringen): 15. Infanterie-Regiment, 1. and 2. Schlesisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 2, 3. & 4. Escadron/3. Schlesisches LKR.
3:00 PM — Reserve-Kavallerie's 3. Kavallerie-Brigade (Generalmajor Hans Joachim Friedrich von Sydow): 1. and 2. Pommersches Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment, 1. Schlesisches Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment.
3:20 PM — IV. Armee-Corps' 14. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Anton Friedrich Karl von Ryssel or Oberst Friedrich Wilhelm von Funck, per 3.2.2.2): Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 11, 1. and 2. Pommersches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 13, 3. & 4. Escadron/2. Schlesisches LKR; Reserve-Kavallerie's 3. Kavallerie-Brigade adds 1. and 2. Neumärkisches Landwehr-Kavallerie-Regiment.
3:40 PM — 13. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalleutnant Albrecht Georg Ernst Karl von Hake): Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 10, 2. and 3. Neumärkisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment, 6 pf. Batterie zu Fuß Nr. 21, 1. & 2. Escadron/2. Schlesisches LKR; II. Armee-Corps Reserve-Kavallerie/2. Kavallerie-Brigade (Oberstleutnant Friedrich Georg Ludwig von Sohr, replacing General von Wahlen-Jürgass who was shot at Ligny): Husaren-Regiment Nr. 3 •, Husaren-Regiment Nr. 5 •; II. Armee-Corps Reserve-Artillerie's 6 pf. Reitende Batterie Nr. 5.
4:00 PM — II. Armee-Corps (Generalmajor Georg Dubislav Ludwig von Pirch I; Chef des Generalstabes Oberst Ernst Ludwig von Aster)/5. Infanterie-Brigade (Generalmajor Ernst Ludwig Freiherr von Tippelskirch): Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 2 •••, 25. Infanterie-Regiment •••, 5. Westfälisches Landwehr-Infanterie-Regiment (•15), Feldjäger-Kompanie, 1. & 2. Escadron/Husaren-Regiment Nr. 11.

HISTORICAL NOTE: Much of I. Armee-Corps' 4. Infanterie-Brigade was instead summoned by III. Armee-Corps to guard the Dyle crossing at Limale — see La Bataille de Wavre.