Ancient Battles Deluxe: From Guts to Gunpowder

Ancient Battles Deluxe: From Guts to Gunpowder Rulebook

Table of Contents

[0.0] Using these Rules
[1.0] Introduction
[2.0] Equipment Used
- Unit Types
[3.0] Sequence of Play
- Procedure
- Command Table
[4.0] Army Panic Check
- Procedure
- Panic Effects
[5.0] Determine Initiative
- General Rule
- Procedure
[6.0] Activation
- Procedure
- Cases
[7.0] Rally
[8.0] Movement
[9.0] Panic Movement
- General Rule
- Procedure
[10.0] Ranged Combat
[11.0] Melee Combat
[12.0] End of Turn Activities
- Procedure
[13.0] Camps & War Wagons
- General Rule
[14.0] Victory Conditions
- General Rule
- Procedure
[15.0] Scenarios
- General Rule
[16.0] Gameplay Example
[17.0] Optional Rules
- Elephant Table
Scenarios

[0.0] Using these Rules

New gaming terms, when they are initially defined, appear in dark red lettering for quick referencing.

The instructions for this game are organized into major "Rules" sections as shown in large green CAPS font, and represented by the number to the left of the decimal point (e.g., rule 4.0 is the fourth rule). These rules generally explain the game's subject matter, its components, the procedures for play, the game's core systems and mechanics, how to set it up, and how to win.

With each Rule, there can be "Cases" that further explain a rule's general concept or basic procedure. Cases might also restrict the application of a rule by denoting exceptions to it. Cases (and Subcases) are an extension of a Rule shown in the way that they are numbered. For example, Rule 4.1 is the first Case of the fourth Rule, and Rule 4.1.2 is the second Subcase of the first Case of the fourth Rule.

Important information is in red text.

References to examples of a Rule or Case are in blue text and this font.

Text in shaded boxes, like this, provides the voice of the game's designer, who is addressing you to explain an idea or concept that is not, itself, a Rule or a Case.

[1.0] Introduction

Ancient Battles Deluxe is a two-player game using standardized game pieces and rules that allow players to recreate any number of pre-gunpowder and early-gunpowder battles in a compact playing area over a short time.

[2.0] Equipment Used

The Game Maps: The 11" x 17" Game Boards feature maps portraying the types of areas where these ancient battles were fought.

The Player Aid Sheet: The 8.5" x 5.5" Player Aid Sheets provide important rules reminders plus the charts and tables needed to play games in the Ancient Battles Deluxe series.

Information Markers: There are several markers included with the game to keep track of various things, such as: the current Game Turn, who has the Initiative, each army's Morale Level, and the (yellow / red) current Status of each side's units.

Unit Types

Below are descriptions of the various playing pieces (hereafter referred to as 'units') available in the Ancient Battles Deluxe series of games.

Although a unit type may be described here, it might not be required with the particular scenarios that you're playing. Only the components required to play this game's scenarios are included.

Leaders

These pieces represent the kings and generals who lead the armies depicted in the game. They perform special functions in the game and are vital to a side's success on the battlefield. Protect them!

Each leader unit is marked with one or more command modifiers. To the left of the leader symbol are zero to two Command icons. This is how many Command Points are provided by having that leader in play. To the right of the leader symbol is a Combat Strength modifier used in combat. A multiple value (x1, x2) increases a combat unit's Melee Strength modifier. An addition modifier (+1) increases a combat unit's strength by that amount. These modifiers are cumulatively applied toward any unit stacked with the leader (with additional modifiers being applied prior to the effects of multipliers).

Combat Units

These pieces represent the various troops available to an army during a scenario. Each combat unit is noted by at least three factors: 1) its Combat Strength, 2) its Movement Allowance, and 3) its Ranged Combat Defense (if it is not '0,' in which case no value appears) and a color stripe along its top to show its 'front' facing. In addition, units that can perform Ranged Combat (i.e., "shoot") also possess a Missile Type and Range.

Every combat unit also has two sides. The front side is its "Good Order" side. The reverse is its "Disordered" side, where you can see that its effectiveness is reduced. A unit usually becomes Disordered during combat and may be returned to its Good Order side when Rallied.

(Unit diagram labels: Unit Type; Combat Strength; Movement Allowance; Missile Attack; Missile Defense.)

Each game in the Ancient Battles Deluxe series includes many (but not all) of the following combat unit types:

Infantry Type Units

Infantry type units are the foot soldiers.

Light Infantry (LI): These are mobs of poorly armed, often untrained men. Typically they have a shield, one weapon, and no body armor. They might represent peasant levies or barbarians.

Medium Infantry (MI): These units are adequately armed (either at their own or their government's expense), drilled regular infantry. You would find these among city-state armies, auxiliary and mercenary forces.

Heavy Infantry (HI): These units are heavily armed, well-trained professional infantry. Examples include Roman Legions or Viking 'Huskarls.'

Phalanx (PX): These units represent heavily armed infantry, massed shoulder-to-shoulder with pikes (long spears). The wall of shields and spears provides good defense against missiles.

Pikemen (PK): These units represent a light, mobile Phalanx formation effective against cavalry. E.g., a Scottish 'Shiltron.'

Mixed Missile (MM): These units primarily represent javelin throwers, slingers and archers with limited hand-to-hand ability, such as Greek 'Peltasts.' They could represent regular infantry with a high proportion of missile troops.

Light Archers (LA): These units are bowmen or slingers with little or no body armor. Their purpose is to disrupt the enemy, not fight hand-to-hand.

Heavy Archers (HA): These units are armored bowmen (such as Assyrian archers or medieval crossbowmen). They can defend themselves in melee, but they sacrifice mobility.

Gunpowder (LG / HG): These gunpowder armed units vary in size from small arquebus armed units to large powder and pike armed units like the Swedish Tercio.

Cavalry Type Units

Cavalry type units use horses and camels for speed and, after stirrups became common in Europe during the 8th Century AD, increased striking power (i.e., 'shock').

Light Cavalry (LC): These units are mounted troops with little or no body armor and usually armed with spears or javelins. They are used primarily as scouts for their army, to screen or turn the flanks of a battle line and attack the enemy's rear – then to ride down fleeing foes.

Heavy Cavalry (HC): Well-armored, main shock cavalry used for direct attacks along a battle line to execute charges and deliver decisive blows.

Mounted Archer (MA): Light, missile equipped cavalry units used by the Parthians and Mongols.

Cataphract Cavalry (CT / HT): Very heavily armored, missile equipped cavalry units used by the Byzantine Empire.

Knights (KT): These are extra-heavy cavalry in chain or plate armor.

Camelry (CC): Camel mounted troops; this cavalry type unit is particularly effective against enemy cavalry.

Chariots (CH): These are light, two-wheeled wagons carrying two or three warriors and bowmen.

Battle Chariots (BC): These are a larger variety of chariot formation, geared toward a powerful initial shock, but not as effective afterwards.

'Other' Type Units

Elephants (EL): These units represent groups of African or Asian elephants, each including a driver, a fighting platform (howdah), and several warriors.

Camp (CP): This is the baggage of the army in the field. It may be fortified by a dirt moat or palisade or just by pulling the wagons into a circle. It contains the war chest, supplies, loot, and often the troops' families. Needless to say, it is very important to the morale and physical needs of the men.

War Wagons (WW): A mobile camp that has the same attributes of a Camp unit.

[3.0] Sequence of Play

Procedure

Each scenario involves the play of several Game Turns, a minimum of five and as many as ten.

During each Game Turn, players alternate spending Command Points (CPs) to activate individual units or groups of units called 'Formations.' A player who has spent all of his CPs must sit idly while his opponent is free to spend his remaining CPs to activate his units. A player may opt to 'Pass' (i.e., not expend any CPs) in an attempt to get in the last move that turn, but when both players Pass in succession, the expenditure of CPs ceases for that Game Turn and any unspent CPs available to a player for that turn are lost.

Each Game Turn is comprised of all of the following 'Steps':

Remove Leaders: Both players remove all of their Leader units from the map and place them to one side.
Army Panic Check: Both players determine if their army has reached its breaking point and 'Panics.'
Receive Command Points: Both players determine their allotment of Command Points for the current Game Turn. Each player adds the number of Command Points provided by their active Leaders (eliminated ones don't count!) to a value determined by their own die roll on the Command Table:
Determine Initiative: The players each roll a die; the one with the highest roll, after any CP 'bidding,' becomes the Initiative Player for the current turn.
Place Leaders: Players alternate returning their active Leader units to the board beginning with the Initiative Player. Leaders are added to any hex containing a combat unit of their own side. Multiple Leaders may be placed in the same hex, if desired. Once placed during this Step, they remain with the unit they are stacked with until removed by combat (as per 11.5) or during the next Remove Leaders Step.
Activation: The Initiative Player decides who will take the first Action, then players alternate taking Move, Fire, Rally, and Panic Movement Actions — marking activated units — or 'passing' until they both pass in succession.
Melee Combat: Remove all Yellow Action markers from the units. Then, beginning with the Initiative Player, players alternate selecting eligible individual units to engage in Melee Combat, marking activated and retreated units, again until they both 'pass' in succession.
Turn End: Remove all Red Action markers from the units, and then advance the Game Turn marker to the next box on the Turn Track. A check might be needed to see if the game ends and a winner determined.

Command Table

Die Roll	Command Points (+CPs)
1, 2, 3	+1
4, 5	+2
6	+3

[4.0] Army Panic Check

Armies will 'break' and 'panic' in one of two ways: 1) a cumulative loss of a certain number of combat strength points; or 2) through the loss of all its Leaders.

Procedure

When a combat unit is eliminated, the Combat Strength from its Good Order side is deducted from its side's Panic Rating (as listed in the setup instruction). During this Phase, if either side's Panic Rating is below one, or if its last Leader has been recently Eliminated (see 11.5.3) then that side now 'Panics.'

Each army can only Panic once per game. Skip this check on future turns for a player whose army has already Panicked.

Panic Effects

[4.1] Immediate: When an army Panics during this Phase, all its Good Ordered units remaining on the board are immediately flipped to their Disordered side. (Disordered units are unaffected.) This is a one-time reaction by that army.

[4.2] Long Term: For the rest of the game, the enemy player may use one of his Actions (and spend 1 of his CPs) per turn during the Activation Phase to conduct Panic Movement (9.0) of all of the Disordered units in that Panicked army.

[4.3] End Game: Panicking an enemy army is worth 1 Victory Point at the end of the game (see 14.0).

This hasn't changed throughout history. The object of a battle is to make things so inhospitable for the other side that they leave and you control the battlefield — and the worse condition they leave in (i.e., the more casualties they suffer and worse their leadership and morale is), the better.

[5.0] Determine Initiative

General Rule

The player with the Initiative is called the 'Initiative Player' and his opponent is the 'Non-Initiative Player.' The Initiative Player decides who can conduct the first Activation during that Game Turn.

Procedure

Each player rolls one die to determine their 'Initiative Value.' The player with the highest Initiative Value gains the Initiative. If the Initiative Values are tied at this point, the player who had the Initiative during the previous Game Turn (or the player designated as 'Side A' in a scenario on the first turn only) gains the Initiative and becomes the Initiative Player and claims the Initiative marker for that turn as a reminder.

[5.1] Bidding for Initiative: After determining who is the Initiative Player, the Non-Initiative Player may reverse that outcome. He may spend 1 CP to 'seize the initiative' from his opponent and become the Initiative Player for the turn.

If he does so, then each player may alternately spend 1 CP at a time in order to regain the initiative.

[5.2] Ending the Determine Initiative Step: The players continuing bidding until either: 1) one player does not have any CPs left to spend, or 2) either player chooses not to spend a CP to seize the initiative from his opponent, thus conceding that his opponent will be the Initiative Player.

For example: Caesar and Alexander both roll a 1 for Initiative this turn. This Initiative Value tie is resolved by recalling that Caesar had the Initiative last turn, so he retains his position as the Initiative Player this turn (in a tie-breaker). Alexander decides to spend 1 CP, thus seizing the Initiative from Caesar. Caesar then opts to spend 1 CP to regain the Initiative, to which Alexander declines to spend another to take it back. Caesar will again be the Initiative Player this turn, and Alexander will be the Non-Initiative Player.

[6.0] Activation

The Activation Step is the heart of each Game Turn where players alternate performing actions with the units.

Procedure

During the Activation Step of a turn, both players alternate spending 1 CP to perform an 'Activation.' An Activation can be used on individual combat units or groups of combat units called 'Formations.' When friendly units are activated, they may Fire, Move, or Rally and an appropriate Action marker is placed on each one, denoting that it has performed its one Activation for this turn.

An Activation may also be used to hinder the enemy's units, such as their Elephants (if Optional Rule 15.4 is being used) or after their army Panics (as per 9.0).

'Passing': A player may opt to not spend a CP, thereby 'passing.' If both players pass in succession, any remaining CPs are lost, the Activation Step ends, and play proceeds to the Melee Combat Step.

Cases

[6.1] Unit Activation: Beginning with the player determined by the Initiative Player, an individual combat unit or Leader that does not currently have an Action marker on it is selected for activation and 1 CP spent.

That selected unit, or all the units in the Leader's Formation are, then activated to either: Rally, Move, or Fire (i.e., conduct Ranged Combat).
As each activated unit completes its orders, an Action marker is placed on it; this will denote that it cannot be activated again during this same Activation Phase.

[6.2] Formations: Selecting a Leader for activation allows all combat units within its Formation to be activated as well.

Definition: A 'Formation' is a group of mutually supportive combat units without Action markers, where each unit within the Formation is adjacent to at least one other unit within the Formation and one unit within the Formation is stacked with the activated Leader.

If the Formation is ordered to 'Move,' then all of the units within that Formation must also be facing the same direction.

[6.2.1] Unit Selection: The individual units comprising a Formation are determined immediately upon the activation of a Leader.

[6.2.2] Singling out Units in a Formation: Not all units within the Formation need be activated, allowing them, for example, to be part of a different Leader's Formation later in the same turn.

[6.2.3] Formation Action Integrity: When a Formation is activated, all the designated units comprising that Formation must perform the same action (either Rally, Move, or Fire).

[6.3] Action Marker Placement: As each activated unit completes its action, an appropriate Action marker is placed on it. Once a player has finished activating the units in a Formation as desired, the Leader is also marked with a Yellow Action marker.

[7.0] Rally

General Rule

In order to return a unit from its Disordered side back to its Good Ordered side, it must be 'Rallied.'

Procedures

An individual combat unit automatically Rallies by simply spending 1 CP to do so.
When a Formation is ordered to Rally, each eligible combat unit rolls one die to determine whether or not it Rallies. Each Formation combat unit activated to Rally may make one Rally attempt as explained in the following Cases.

After conducting its Rally Action, place a Yellow Action marker on that unit.

Cases

[7.1] Rally Die Rolls: If a unit's die roll is less than or equal to its Disordered Combat Strength, the unit recovers and is flipped back to its Good Order side. If that unit's roll is greater than its Disordered Combat Strength, it remains Disordered.

[7.2] Rally Die Roll Modifiers: Subtract two (-2) from the die roll for a unit attempting to Rally if it is in the same hex as one or more friendly Leaders.

Subtract one (-1) from the die roll for a unit attempting to Rally if it is not in the same hex as a friendly Leader but is in a hex adjacent to one or more friendly Leaders.

These modifiers are not cumulative; use only the single best one.

[7.3] Automatic Results: Regardless of its modified outcome, a die roll of '1' is always successful and a die roll of '6' is always a failure.

Rally Table

Die Roll	Result
1	Unit Always Rallies
≤ Str.	Unit Rallies
> Str.	Unit Fails to Rally
6	Unit Never Rallies

Die Roll Modifiers (use only one): -2 if stacked with a friendly Leader; -1 if adjacent to a friendly Leader.

[8.0] Movement

General Rule

When activated to move, units trace a path along the map's hex grid, moving from their present space to an adjacent one while spending their Movement Allowance.

Combat units move from hex to hex, paying a cost in 'Movement Points' from their Movement Allowance to enter each hex and, in some cases, to cross certain hex-sides (see Terrain Effects Chart).

Combat units may move up to their full Movement Allowance each Game Turn when activated to move. They cannot save any of their Movement Allowance from one turn to another or share them between units, nor can they exceed their Movement Allowance in a single turn unless their entire move will consist of moving only one hex straight ahead.

Because of its 1 Movement Allowance, a Phalanx unit uses this Rule to maneuver through difficult terrain.

For example: A Phalanx unit may move one hex straight ahead into an adjacent Rough hex (even though it costs two MPs), provided the unit does not rotate in either hex.

Procedures

An individual combat unit may perform a Move Action by simply spending 1 CP to do so.
When a Formation is ordered to Move, each eligible combat unit can be moved as explained in the following Cases.

After conducting its Move Action, place a Yellow Action marker on that unit (unless it leaves an Enemy Zone of Control, see 8.8, in which case it is tagged with a Red Action marker).

Cases

[8.1] Formation Movement: For multiple combat units in a Leader's Formation to move via that Leader's activation, they must begin that activation facing in the same direction. When activating a Formation, combat units are moved individually in any order and direction(s) that their owning player desires. They do not have to maintain their formation, facing, or relative position.

[8.2] Unit Facing: Every combat unit on the map must be arranged so that the top of that unit (i.e., the side with its color ID stripe) is pointed distinctly toward one of its six adjacent hexes.

The hex immediately adjacent to the top edge of a unit is its 'Front' hex. The hex immediately adjacent to the bottom edge of a unit is its 'Rear' hex. The hexes adjacent to a unit's Front hex are called the 'Front Flank' hexes. Similarly, those adjacent to a unit's Rear hex are the 'Rear Flank' hexes as illustrated.

[8.3] How to Move Combat Units: To move, a combat unit must enter its frontal hex. It must expend the cost of the terrain (see Terrain Effects Chart) in Movement Points from its Movement Allowance to do so. If a combat unit does not have sufficient Movement Allowance remaining to enter a given hex, it may not enter it.

Exception: If a combat unit's entire move consists of moving only one hex straight ahead, it may exceed its Movement Allowance to enter a hex.

[8.3.1] Moving through Enemy Units: A combat unit cannot move through an enemy unit (except enemy Leaders alone).

[8.3.2] Moving through Friendly Units: A combat unit can move through a hex containing another friendly combat unit, but then both of these combat units are immediately flipped to their Disordered side. There is no additional penalty if that unit was already Disordered; that is, Disordered units may freely move though each other without effect.

Exception: If either or both combat units involved in this 'pass through' movement are 'Light' (Light Infantry, Light Archers, or Light Cavalry), this penalty does not apply to either unit.

All Light units have their Movement Allowance shown in a Green box to help you remember this.

[8.4] Changing a Combat Unit's Facing: A combat unit may freely rotate one hex side (60 degrees) within a hex whenever desired during its Move Action. It may do so before and after leaving or entering a hex, or when simply remaining stationary in that hex (i.e., just 'turning in place'). Rotating a unit more than one hex side costs 1 Movement Point.

For example: Consider these "Before" and "After" illustrations. In illustration After 1, you see an allowed move; the unit first rotates 1 hexside (60 degrees) at no Movement Point (MP) cost, then it enters the hex to its new Front facing, spending 1 MP. You can tell this is correct when rotating before moving, as it now has its Rear facing back toward the hex it just left.

In After 2, the unit spends 1 MP to move straight ahead first, then it opts to use its free rotation (turning 1 hexside). This is a fairly typical move.

In After 3, the unit spends 1 MP to rotate 2 hexsides (120 degrees), and 1 more MP to enter the next hex; it then uses its free rotation to change its facing in its destination hex at no additional cost.

In After 4, the unit spends a total of 3 MPs to turn completely around, move a hex, and turn around again! That's a lot of MPs just to 'take a step back,' but if it has the MPs to spend, it is allowed.

Finally, in After 5, you see a standard move where a unit 'sidesteps' over one hex. It is perfectly allowed to rotate one hexside in the hex it started, spend 1 MP to move, and then rotate again one hexside in the hex it enters.

[8.5] Stacking: No more than one combat unit may occupy a single hex at a time. Leaders and markers are exempt from this restriction; any number of these pieces may be stacked in a hex (with or without combat units).

[8.6] Exiting the Map: A combat unit may exit the map by moving to the map's edge and expending one additional Movement Point (+1 MP) if it has one.

[8.6.1] Don't Panic: A combat unit that exits the map in this manner does not affect its side's Panic Level.

[8.6.2] Don't Return: A combat unit that exits the map may not return, unless allowed to do so by its scenario's Special Rules.

[8.7] Entering the Map: Any combat units that enter the map during play (as described in that scenario's Special Rules) are considered 'reinforcements.'

Reinforcements enter the map as part of a Formation (requiring the expenditure of a CP), even if a Leader is not included among those reinforcements.

[8.7.1] Entry Cost: A reinforcement entering the map must pay the terrain cost of the first hex entered.

[8.7.2] Bonus Movement Allowance: Reinforcements may move up to twice their normal Movement Allowance on their turn of entry providing they do not end their move adjacent to an enemy combat unit.

These reinforcements are considered to enter the map in 'march formation' rather than in 'combat formation.'

[8.7.3] Blocked Entry: If enemy units occupy the hexes through which reinforcements are scheduled to arrive, those reinforcements are assumed to be just off the map edge in (imaginary) adjacent hexes and are able to engage the blocking units in Melee Combat.

These imagined off-map hexes are assumed to be of the most beneficial type to the reinforcing units of those adjacent bordering hexes, for the purpose of determining melee modifiers.

For example, if entry hex R-4 is blocked, the reinforcing unit may occupy either Clear or Hill terrain, whichever is most beneficial to its attack.

[8.8] Zones of Control: A combat unit projects its power into its three frontal hexes (i.e., its front and front/flank hexes). These three hexes are called a combat unit's 'Zone of Control' (or 'ZOC').

[8.8.1] Stop: A combat unit must stop immediately upon entering an enemy combat unit's ZOC, but it may still rotate one hexside normally, prior to ending its move (as per 8.4).

[8.8.2] No 'Infiltration' Movement: A combat unit beginning its turn in an enemy ZOC may not enter another ZOC hex (even one projected from that same enemy unit). It may rotate freely within the same hex, however.

[8.8.3] Disengagement Movement: A combat unit may exit an enemy ZOC, but after doing so it is marked with a Red Action marker, instead of a Yellow one; this means that it can not initiate Melee combat in the next Phase.

[8.8.4] You're Wet: ZOCs do not extend across River hexsides. They do extend across Stone Bridge and Ford hexsides.

For example: A Light Cavalry unit begins its activation in an enemy Zone of Control. First, it rotates 180 degrees to face in the opposite direction (1 MP). It then advances four hexes (at a cost of 4 MPs) and rotates one hexside to the left at no cost. It then moves one more hex (1 MP; its 6th and last) into an enemy unit's rear hex and rotates one hexside there to face the enemy. It is then marked with a Red Action marker, as it cannot attack during Melee since it started its activation within an enemy ZOC.

[8.9] Terrain Effects: These are covered on the Terrain Effects Chart. In Melee Combat, both the Attacking ("Atkr") and Defending ("Dfdr") units have their own modifier based on the terrain in their respective hexes.

Terrain Effects Chart

Terrain	MPs	Missile Defense	Melee Atkr / Dfdr
Clear	1	–	– / –
Rough	2	–	-1 / -1
Woods	1 (stop; see note)	+1	– / +1
Hill	2	–	+1 / +1
Town	1	+2	– / +3
Stream hex	2	–	-2 / -2
Wood Bridge (A)	1

Woods: the unit must stop upon entry; non-Light units become Disordered. (A) Wood Bridge effects supersede Stream hex effects. (B) Can only cross River hexsides at Bridges and Fords.

In addition: A Disordered unit suffers no further adverse affects when entering a Woods hex. It simply remains Disordered.

[9.0] Panic Movement

General Rule

After an army Panics (see 4.0), its units are subject to move against the owning player's will (i.e., they are moved by the enemy player). In effect, if not rallied, those units might 'flee' the battlefield.

Procedure

After your opponent's army Panics, you may use an Action and spend 1 CP per turn to conduct 'Enemy Panic Movement' to move all of his Disordered units that are untagged by Action markers and are not in hexes with Leaders.

[9.1] Fleeing: Enemy Panic Movement is a Movement Action (8.0) performed on all qualifying enemy combat units by rotating them to face (at no Movement Point cost — maintaining order is the last thing on their minds), and moving them toward (through the expenditure of their entire Movement Allowance, if possible), the nearest map edge and exiting them off the map (if possible, see 8.6).

This is good way to earn another Victory Point for having superior strength on the map at the end of the game (see 14.0).

[9.2] Which Way?: If more than one map edge is closest to that enemy combat unit, the player conducting the Enemy Panic Movement decides which is approached.

[9.3] Out of My Way!: Each such Panicked enemy combat unit is rotated and moved individually. It may be moved through other units in its army (as per 8.3.2) but only if they are directly between that unit and the nearest map edge (i.e., they can't go 'out of their way' to flee through their own units, be fair applying this rule!).

[9.4] No Attacking: Place a Red Action marker on each unit after its Panic Movement is complete.

[10.0] Ranged Combat

General Rule

Ranged Combat allows units equipped with bows, javelins, slings and so forth (i.e., those with a Missile Rating, shown as a number of arrow symbols) to attack enemy units 'at range' (indicated by a number inside a hexagon on that unit).

(Unit diagram: Missile Rating; Range Value (in hexes).)

Procedures

An individual combat unit may conduct Ranged Combat by simply spending 1 CP to do so.
When a Formation is ordered to Fire, each eligible combat unit may conduct Missile Combat as explained in the following Cases.

After conducting its Fire Action, place a Red Action marker on that unit. It will not be able to initiate Melee Combat during the next Step.

Cases

[10.1] Properly Equipped: Only combat units with a Missile Rating and a Range Value (a number inside a hex symbol) are capable of conducting Ranged Combat.

[10.2] Determining Range: 'Range' is the number of hexes away from the hex occupied by a firing unit (exclusive) to the hex occupied by the target unit (inclusive). Missile units have a maximum range (in hexes) shown as its Range Value.

[10.3] Arc of Fire: A firing unit may only conduct Ranged Combat through its frontal hexes (i.e., its front or front/flank hexes; a.k.a. its Zone of Control).

[10.4] Determining Line of Sight: In order to conduct Ranged Combat against a target unit, the firing unit must be able to 'see' it. To determine if a firing unit has a 'Line of Sight' (LOS) to the target unit, draw an imaginary line from the center of the firing unit's hex to the center of the target unit's hex. A firing unit's Line of Sight is blocked if it passes through (but not into) any Hill, Woods or Built Up hex, or any hex containing a combat unit (friendly or enemy). An LOS that passes directly along a hex side is blocked if both hexes on either side are blocking hexes.

Exception: A unit on a Hill may fire over a combat unit not on a Hill and vice-versa (i.e., units do not block LOS between units on Hills and units not on Hills).

In the above illustration, A can shoot at X and Z (yellow arrows) but not Y (black arrow) as the Woods block the Line of Sight. The Woods do not block the Line of Sight between A and Z because it runs along the hexside and only one of the hexes along that side is a blocking hex. Conversely, Y could not shoot back at A for the same reason, while X could. Note that Z could not shoot at A because Z is not facing in the right direction!

Here, A can shoot at both Y and Z, and both of those units could shoot back at A. That is because unit X does not block the Line of Sight shooting up or down the Hill. Note that A and Z can hit each other because once they ignore X (due to the Hill exception) their Line of Sight is running along the hexside and not through a blocking hex.

[10.5] Designate Attacking Missile Units: When conducting Ranged Combat, the attacker may select one or more 'eligible' units. To be eligible, the firing units must all be within range, have a Line of Sight to the target unit, not have an Action marker on them, and be part of the same formation activation (see 6.2). From among the eligible firing units participating in a single Ranged Combat, the attacker selects a 'Lead' unit. All other firing units in that Ranged Combat are 'Supporting' units, but only if they are not Disordered.

[10.6] Resolving a Ranged Combat: The following steps are used to resolve a Ranged Combat (a.k.a. 'Missile Attack').

Determine the Missile Defense Value: First, the defender rolls one die for the target unit and adds the result to the unit's Ranged Combat Defense rating plus any Terrain Modifier the target unit might enjoy (see the Terrain Effects Chart) to obtain the target unit's Missile Defense Value.
Determine the Missile Attack Value: Then attacker rolls a number of dice equal to the number of arrows on the firing unit and notes the value of the single highest roll only (discarding the others). To that value, add one (+1) for each Supporting unit participating in that Ranged Combat to obtain the firing unit's Missile Attack Value.
Compare the Values and Apply the Result: If the Missile Attack Value is greater than (>) the Missile Defense Value, the target unit is Disordered (see 11.3). If the target unit is already Disordered, it is Eliminated instead. Any other result is treated as 'No Effect.'
Place Red Action Markers: After determining the result, each firing unit participating in that Ranged Combat receives a Red Action marker.

Ranged Combat Table

Difference	Result
A > D	Defender Disordered
Otherwise	No Effect

Defender's Value = die roll + (Missile Def.) + (Terrain)
Attacker's Value = die roll (roll one die for each arrow, use highest) + 1 for each supporting unit
Compare Values, Apply Result
Red Action Marker for Firing Unit(s)

[10.7] Rapid Fire: Certain scenarios (e.g., those involving English Longbowmen) allow some units to conduct 'Rapid Fire' Ranged Combat: an ability to fire several times when activated. When activated, these units can either complete a number of individual Ranged Combats at the same or different targets, or they may combine these attacks into an Enhanced Attack with a greater chance of success, or a combination of the two, as explained in the following Subcases:

[10.7.1] Predesignation: The type and number of Rapid Fire attacks must be determined before any dice are rolled, but the specific target unit is determined at the beginning of each Rapid Fire Ranged Combat.

[10.7.2] Normal Attacks: When a Rapid Fire enabled unit opts to complete multiple individual Ranged Combats, each is resolved as per Rule 10.5. During its Missile Attacks, only that rapid-fire unit can function as the Lead unit. Non-Rapid Firing units may only support a Rapid Firing unit's first such attack during a single Ranged Combat Step.

[10.7.3] Enhanced Attacks: When combining two or three Rapid Fire attacks into a single Ranged Combat, multiply the firing unit's Missile Attack Dice by the number of available attacks. All supporting units are handled normally, regardless of their type.

For Example: A scenario's Special Rule indicates that an English Longbow unit (two missile dice) may fire three times per turn. That unit may make three normal attacks; or may make one enhanced attack, rolling six dice (two arrow symbols times three attacks).

[11.0] Melee Combat

General Rule

Melee Combat takes place after all unit Activations to Move, Rally, and Fire. It allows units equipped with swords, axes, hammers, pikes, and so forth to attack enemy units in 'hand-to-hand' combat.

Procedure

Start the Melee Combat Step by removing all Yellow Action markers from the map. Note that Red Action markers remain on the map; those units cannot initiate Melee Combat during this Game Turn's Melee Combat Step, but they can be targeted for Melee Combat.

Then, beginning with the Initiative Player, each side alternates conducting one Melee Combat at a time; each Melee Combat is completely resolved before the next one is commenced.

A player may opt to not conduct a Melee Combat, thereby passing. If both players pass in succession, the Melee Combat Step ends and play proceeds to the End of Turn Activities Step.

After conducting Melee Combat, place a Red Action marker on both that unit and the opposing unit (if it does not already have one).

Cases

[11.1] No CP Cost: No CPs are spent to conduct Melee Combat; it 'just happens.'

[11.2] Steps in a Melee Combat: Each Melee Combat follows these steps:

Designate Attacking Unit: The attacking player designates any one of his eligible units (i.e., one that does not have a Red Action Marker on it and has an enemy unit located in one of its front or front/flank hexes; i.e., its ZOC).

Zero Strength Attacks / Defenses: Combat units with a Combat Strength of zero (0) may not initiate an attack. When attacked, they defend as if their Combat Strength were one (1).
Select Defending Unit: The attacking player then selects one enemy unit in one of the attacking unit's front or front/flank hexes.

Facing Restriction: If the attacking unit has an enemy unit in its front hex, it must select this unit. (The troops prefer to fight straight ahead.) If there is no enemy unit in the attacking unit's front hex, an enemy unit in either Front Flank hex may be selected as the defending unit.

Here, A would like to attack Z in its Rear Flank, but must attack X instead.
Retreat before Melee: A good order 'Light' Infantry type unit (i.e., LI or LA) that is being attacked by a Non-Light Infantry type unit may retreat prior to combat. Similarly, a good order Cavalry unit that is being attacked by any type of unit with a lesser Movement Allowance can also retreat prior to combat.

Retreat before Melee Cases

Procedure: Rotate the retreating unit so that its Rear hexside faces the unit it is retreating from. It then moves one hex forward (i.e., directly away from the attacking unit). Cavalry units may retreat up to two hexes in a straight line.

i) Disordered combat units cannot retreat before combat.

Included in the counter mix for each side are Die Roll Modifier Markers (x1, +10) to allow for easy tracking of the cumulative modifiers. They can be used on either the Turn or Casualty Record tracks.

Procedure

i) The attacker and defender each roll one die to generate their Base Combat Values.

ii) Combat Strength Advantage (skip this step if an Elephant unit is attacking): Compare the attacking and defending units' Modified Melee Strengths as determined in Step 4.

If both Modified Melee Strengths are equal, no modifier is applied. Proceed to Sub-step iii.
The side with the higher Modified Melee Strength receives a Base Combat Value Modifier. This modifier is found by dividing the higher Modified Melee Strength by the lower Modified Melee Strength. Any remainder is dropped, leaving a whole number which is added to the Base Combat Value of the unit possessing the higher Modified Melee Strength.

Note that if the result is +1, the modifier is applied only if the unit with the lower Modified Melee Strength occupies the Zone of Control of the unit with the higher Modified Melee Strength.
In no case may the Combat Strength Advantage modifier exceed +10.

Example #1: A Phalanx unit stacked with a x1 Leader attacks a Heavy Cavalry unit that is also stacked with a x1 Leader. The attacker's Combat Strength would be 6 x 3 (for the unit, the Leader and Cavalry Effectiveness combined) = 18, while the defender's Combat Strength would be 4 x 2 (for the unit and Leader) = 8. This result provides the attacking side a +2 Combat Value Modifier since its Modified Melee Strength is greater than twice, but less than three times the defender's.

Example #2: A Medium Infantry unit stacked with a x2 Leader and a +1 Leader would have a Combat Strength of 15 (base of 4+1 [for the +1 Leader], times 3 for the unit and the x2 Leader).

Example #3: A Heavy Infantry unit (Strength 4) is attacking a Phalanx (Strength 6) through the latter's rear hex. If they had met head-on, the Phalanx would receive +1 Combat Value Modifier because its Modified Melee Strength is at least greater than (but not twice as strong as) the Heavy Infantry unit. Since the HI unit is not in the PX's ZOC, the PX can't benefit from a mere +1 modifier.

iii) Terrain: The Base Combat Value for each unit is further modified by the terrain in the hexes occupied by the attacking and defending units, as well as the hexside between the two units. See the Terrain Effects Chart for these modifiers. All Terrain modifiers are cumulative.

iv) Tactical Approach Vector: The attacker receives a Combat Value Modifier when engaging in Melee Combat from any hex other than directly against the defender's Front as follows:

+1 when attacking from the defending unit's Front Flank hex
+2 from its Rear Flank hex
+4 directly from its Rear hex

v) Final Melee Value: Apply the Base Combat Value Modifiers found in this step to the Base Combat Value rolled for each unit in Sub-step i. This provides the Final Melee Value for each unit (to a minimum of '1').

Determine Melee Results: Compare the Final Melee Values of each unit as determined in Step 5. Using the Melee Combat Table, determine the outcome of the combat.

Melee Combat Table

Strong Side	...Is Greater Than	Result
DV	> 2x AV	AE
DV	> AV and ≤ 2x AV	AD
AV	≥ DV and ≤ 2x DV	EN
AV	> 2x DV and ≤ 3x DV	DD
AV	> 3x DV	DE

AV = Attacker's Value; DV = Defender's Value.

Melee Combat summary (player aid): 1. Designate the Attacking Unit; 2. Select the Defending Unit; 3. Retreat Before Combat (Good Order only; LI or LA = 1 hex; CAV = 2 hexes); 4. Calculate Strength Values: die roll = Base Value; + Ratio Advantage (Str. x Multiplier) + (Terrain) + (Attack Vector: +0 front, +1 front flank, +2 rear flank, +4 rear) = Final Value; 5. Compare Final Values, Apply Result; 6. Red Action Marker for All Unit(s).

[11.3] Explanation of Results: Units that are affected by combat and other events might receive the following results:

AD = Attacker Disordered: If the attacking unit is in Good Order, flip it to its Disordered side. If it is already Disordered, it is Eliminated instead.
AE = Attacker Eliminated: The attacking unit is Eliminated.
DD = Defender Disordered: If the defending unit is in Good Order, flip it to its Disordered side. If it is already Disordered, it is Eliminated instead.
DE = Defender Eliminated: The defending unit is Eliminated.
EN = Engaged: Any Good Order units in this Melee Combat become Disordered; Disordered units simply remain Disordered.

[11.4] Combat Unit Elimination Effects: Eliminated combat units are removed from play and their Good Order Combat Strength value is deducted from their side's Panic Rating. Also, Advance After Combat (11.6) must be considered.

[11.5] Leader Escapes: In those days, Leaders led from the front at considerable personal risk.

[11.5.1] Shot Out from Under Me: A Leader stacked with a combat unit that is Eliminated must make an 'Escape' die roll. On a roll of 1, the Leader is captured or killed (see 11.5.3 below); any other result leaves the Leader unit in that hex.

[11.5.2] I'm All Alone Here: A Leader whose accompanying combat unit is Eliminated is left alone in the hex. If an enemy unit enters that hex, either by Advance After Combat (11.6) or through Movement (8.0) that Leader is not captured or killed (see 11.5.1) because he has ample time to flee. Set him aside; he reenters play normally during the next Place Leaders Step.

[11.5.3] Leader Losses: Losing Leader units makes it much harder to conduct operations during the game. If an army's last (or only) Leader unit is Eliminated, that army will Panic during the next Panic Check Step (4.0).

[11.6] Advance after Melee Combat: When a defending combat unit is Eliminated through Melee Combat, the victorious attacking combat unit that defeated it must Advance After Combat into the vanquished unit's hex. Defending units never Advance After Combat.

[11.6.1] Disciplined Troops: There is an exception to the above Rule. If the victorious attacking unit's Movement Allowance is in a black box, that unit is 'disciplined' and has the option to Advance After Combat, not a mandate to do so (due to its training and organization).

All disciplined units have their Movement Allowances shown in a Black box to help you remember this.

[11.6.2] Straight On Advancing: The Rear hex of the advancing unit must be the hex it just advanced from (which requires rotation toward a Front Flank hex). No rotation is permitted within the newly advanced into hex.

[11.6.3] No Additional Melee Combat: This one-hex Advance After Combat movement does not allow any 'follow-up' Melee Combat with this exception:

If the advancing attacking unit is a non-light cavalry type (i.e., its Movement Allowance is not in a green box) and it is stacked with a Leader, it may initiate a second Melee Combat against another enemy combat unit in its ZOC from its newly occupied hex. This advancing unit may only conduct one such 'Advancing Melee' per turn.

[11.7] Everybody's Exhausted: Surviving units on both sides (attacker and defender) of a Melee Combat have a Red Action marker placed on them.

[12.0] End of Turn Activities

At the end of each Game Turn, certain 'housekeeping' functions must take place.

Procedure

End Game Check / Advance the Game Turn Marker: Advance the Game Turn marker to the next box on the Turn Track unless the current Box includes an End of Game Check value.

If it does, the Initiative Player rolls one unmodified die. If the result is less than or equal to (≤) that value, the game is over and the winner is determined according to the Victory Conditions (14.0). On any other result, advance the Game Turn marker to the next box and play the next Game Turn.

For Example: Game Turn 6 is ending; its box includes an End of Game Check value (a die showing 2). Since blue was the Initiative Player, he rolls a die: on a roll of 1 or 2, the game ends immediately. On any other result, the Game Turn marker is advanced and Turn 7 is played.
Remove All Action Markers: If the game continues, remove all Action markers from the map and set them aside for reuse next turn.

[13.0] Camps & War Wagons

General Rule

Camp units and War Wagons represent an army's base of operations and were important objectives on a battlefield. Therefore, they observe the following:

[13.1.1] Movement: Camp units have no Movement Allowance and therefore cannot move. War Wagons have a Movement Allowance of three (3).

[13.1.2] A 360 Degree Facing: Camp and War Wagon units' Zone of Control extends into all six hexes adjacent to it and all of these hexes are considered its front (which is important for its Arc of Fire, see 10.3).

[13.1.3] Combat Effects: Camps and War Wagons may never initiate a Melee Combat; they can only initiate Ranged Combat. Additionally, Camps and War Wagons are immune to Ranged Combat results (hence the "no" symbol where other unit's have a Missile Defense Rating).

[13.1.4] Looting: A combat unit that eliminates a Camp or War Wagon is also, itself, eliminated (this is the game effect of 'looting' the Camp). Neither of these losses affects their respective side's Panic Level. A leader stacked with a unit that is eliminated owing to looting is returned to play during the Place Leaders phase of the following turn.

[14.0] Victory Conditions

General Rule

The performance of the players is evaluated by counting Victory Points (VPs). The player with more VPs is the winner with the difference in VPs earned by the winner translating thus:

0 = Draw
1 = Marginal
2 = Substantive
3+ = Decisive

Procedure

Scoring VPs: One VP is earned for each of the following (for a maximum total of 3 VPs):

1 VP for causing the enemy's army to Panic.
1 VP for eliminating the enemy's Camp.
1 VP for a 'glorious slaughter' (i.e., having twice as many total Strength Points on map as your opponent when the game ends; excluding Camps; sum all combat units' current Combat Strength values — Good Order or Disordered — to determine each army's total).

In addition, some scenarios might start one side with 1 VP.

[15.0] Scenarios

General Rule

The battles fought out using the Ancient Battles Deluxe rules are specified on individual scenario cards. Each provides a description of the action taking place, its place in history and the motivation of the leaders involved.

To play a scenario, select the battle to be fought and who will represent each side in some mutually agreeable manner. The player designated as "Side A" wins the Initiative on the first turn in the case of tied Initiative die rolls. (This is the only innate advantage to playing Side A in a scenario).

Each player selects a set of game pieces and places their units on the map as indicated. The Units at Start section of the scenario indicates the type of units required and their initial hex and facing. Use the map's compass rose in the corner to properly align the pieces (the front border of a combat unit should be placed to match its appropriate direction). To help setup, a setup diagram is provided on each scenario card. Set Leaders and reinforcing units aside until they are required.

Place the Game Turn marker in box '1' of the Game Turn Track.

Place each side's Army Panic markers on the Casualty Record Track to indicate its Panic Level.

For Example: The Blue army's Panic Level is '32.' The Blue Player's 'x10' marker would go in the '30' space, while their 'x1' marker would go in the '2' space. As losses are suffered, these markers will be adjusted downward until they go below one point, when that army panics.

Each player should also place his Command Point markers within easy reach.

Scenarios might include Special Rules that specify additional set up requirements or Optional Rules that must be heeded. Examine these carefully and follow their instruction. Add terrain markers to the map as indicated, or grant one side its Scenario Defined Victory Point marker.

When the map board is set up, players should begin with Step 3 of the Sequence of Play (Receive Command Points).

[16.0] Gameplay Example

Here is a sample turn being played to help illustrate the game systems and mechanics used in Ancient Battles Deluxe.

Game Turn 1

Remove Leaders: Skipped; Leaders have yet to be placed.
Army Panic Check: Ignored; the game just started!
Receive Command Points: Both players total the number of Command Points (CPs) they derive from their active leaders (two each, in this scenario) and roll a die, adding the result from the Command Table. Blue rolls a 2 and Red rolls a 5, providing Blue and Red with totals of 3 and 4 CPs, respectively.
Determine Initiative: Both players roll a die. They each roll a 3. Since this is the first turn, Side A (the Blue side) wins the Initiative. Red opts to spend 1 CP to 'steal' the Initiative away from Blue. Blue does not counter, ceding the Initiative to Red. Both sides have 3 CPs left.
Place Leaders: Players alternate placing their leaders on the map, starting with Red, who won the Initiative. Red places a leader in hex L9. Blue places a leader in hex N8. Red places a leader in hex I7. Blue places a leader in hex J6.
Activation: Players alternate taking actions, the Initiative player determining who will take the first action. Red opts to take the first action himself.

Action 1: Red expends 1 CP to activate the MM unit in J8 to fire at the PX in J6. The PX's defense value = a die roll (2) + the PX's ranged combat defense rating (+2) for a total of 4. The MM must roll one die (since it only has one arrow symbol) needing greater than a 4 to hit. He rolls a 6 and the PX is Disordered. The MM in J8 is marked with a Red Action marker.

Action 2: Blue uses the leader in N8 to activate the three LC units on his left wing as follows:

Game Turn 2

And so the game would continue with another turn being played.

Backward Compatibility

Ancient Battles Deluxe was designed with backward compatibility in mind for those wanting to use its components with the "classic" rules from Ancients. The Combat Strength and Movement rates for the units are basically unchanged from that game. A missile unit with two arrow symbols is an "A" unit in Ancients, while one with a single arrow symbol is a "B" unit.

The Future

Ancient Battles Deluxe will feature expansion kits in the future with additional units (and unit types, such as Elephants), new maps, and many many more scenarios.

[17.0] Optional Rules

Source note: section 17 is transcribed from the official v1.3 text of the Standard Game Rules (designer support file, relativerange.com), which is newer than the scanned v1.21 pages above; where the two differ, the v1.3 wording was used throughout this document.

The following Optional Rules are provided for those who want to modify the game, or as required by a scenario's Special Rules. Note that these Optional Rules may be combined in any way that both players agree to. You are free to use any or all of these Optional Rules.

[17.1] Free Deployment: As an alternative to the strict historical deployment of units as prescribed in a scenario's setup instructions, players can use this Optional Rule to freely deploy their starting units.

[17.1.1] Side B Setup: The Side B Player (as designated by the scenario) begins by placing his Camp unit. It must be placed on a hex that is at least three (3) and no more than five (5) hexes from the any map edge hex.

Then the Side B Player sets up all of his combat units and Leaders (including reinforcements) within three (3) hexes of their Camp and facing in the direction(s) he desires. Finally, the Side B Player places the Side A Player's Camp unit anywhere on the map.

[17.1.2] Side A Setup: The Side A Player sets up next, and begins by adjusting the location of his Camp unit by up to three (3) hexes.

Then the Side A Player sets up all of his combat units and Leaders (including reinforcements) within three (3) hexes of their Camp and facing in the directions he desires. After this set up is complete the game begins normally.

[17.2] Luck vs. Skill: Extreme die rolls simulate the chaos of a battlefield, but some players may prefer a more Chess-like game of careful planning that is less luck dependent. For them, consider these Rules:

[17.2.1] Die Roll Averaging: Treat all die rolls of 1 as rolls of '3,' and all die rolls of 6 as rolls of '4.' Averaging Dice, with these numbers printed on them, can be found at game stores!

[17.2.2] Re-rolls: Players may, beginning with the Initiative Player, spend a Command Point to have any single die re-rolled (by the original rolling player) under any circumstance, with the re-rolled outcome being the one applied. These rolls can be re-rolled again if the opponent spends 1 CP to do so. Players may want to 'save' a CP or two before Melee Combat to help ensure victory during the clash of swords and spears!

[17.3] Barbarian Charges: To reflect this military doctrine, and to give 'Barbarian' Light Infantry (LI) units a chance against stronger units, when a scenario designates a side to be 'Barbarian,' the Barbarian Player may triple (x3) the Combat Strength of all his LI units for any one Game Turn. He may choose to save this bonus and use it when he deems appropriate, unless the following 'Command Control' Option Rule (17.4) is being used.

People such as the Celts, Germans, Vikings, etc. relied on the ferocity of their initial charge to smash the enemy quickly, valuing size to overwhelm opponents and ferocity to psyche them out.

[17.4] Command Control: Knights and Barbarians are 'impetuous' units and must roll for 'Command Control' when indicated in a scenario's Special Rules.

[17.4.1] Procedure: At the end of Step 5 of the Sequence of Play, after placing Leaders, total all available Leader counters on the checking side (beginning with the Non-Initiative Player if both sides have these impetuous units). Multiply that number of active friendly Leaders by two (x2) to determine that side's base Command Control Value. That player may then spend CPs to increase his side's final Command Control Value by one per CP spent.

After determining that side's final Command Control Value, roll one die. If the result is greater than (>) that side's final Command Control Value, then all of its Knights and barbarians units lose Command Control. Any other result is considered to have 'No Effect.'

[17.4.2] Effect of Losing Control: All Knight and Barbarian combat units must immediately (prior to any other activation) attempt to move adjacent to the closest enemy unit to which it can become adjacent, expending as few movement points as possible. This Impetuous Movement costs no CPs. Mark these units with a yellow Activation marker. If both players have Impetuous units, the Initiative player completes his moves first.

Charge! Each hex entered due to Impetuous Movement must be closer to, or at least no further away from, the nearest enemy unit than the hex currently occupied by the impetuous unit.
Gangway! If Impetuous Movement causes movement through a friendly unit, they become Disordered in the normal manner (as per 8.3.2).
Damn All! When subject to Command Control, Knight and Barbarian units may never voluntarily leave the map unless allowed by special scenario rule. Impetuous units that currently have lost Command Control suffer a minus one (-1) missile defense modifier.
Hack and Slash! During Melee, these units conduct melee prior to alternating attacks. Mark these units and their targets normally after combat. If both players have Impetuous units, the Initiative player resolves his attacks first.

[17.5] Elephants: In addition to Move, Fire, Rally and Panic Movement Actions, a player may spend one (1) CP to attempt to 'Frighten' all enemy Elephant units that do not have an Action marker on them.

Procedure: The Activating Player rolls one unmodified die for each enemy Elephant unit that does not have an Action marker on it, and consults the following table.

Elephant Table

Die Roll	Result
1, 2	No Effect.
3, 4	That Elephant unit balks. Place a Yellow Action marker on it.
5	That Elephant unit is frightened but control is maintained. Place a Red Action marker on it.
6	That Elephant unit panics. You now have control of that Elephant unit for the duration of this turn as if it were part of your army! (If eliminated, it still counts as a loss for its original owner.)

Elephants were very temperamental beasts in battle. Several ingenious techniques were used to cause them to panic (often into their own troops).

[17.5] 'Dismounted' Cavalry Units (numbered 17.5 a second time in the printed rules): At the beginning of a battle during a player's Setup, each player may, beginning with the Side 'A' player (as listed in that scenario's Exclusive Rules), substitute infantry type units for cavalry units, as listed below:

Cavalry unit	Substitute
1 Light Cavalry	= 1 Mixed Missile
1 Heavy Cavalry	= 1 Medium Infantry
1 Knight	= 1 Heavy Infantry
1 Mounted Archer	= 1 Light Archer
1 Cataphract	= 1 Heavy Archer; or
1 Cataphract	= 1 Medium Infantry

Note that Knights are still subject to Command Control (17.4), even when fighting Dismounted.

Scenarios

Each scenario card gives the two sides, their Panic Rating, their Units at Start (unit type, then hex and facing in parentheses; "LDR" entries are Leaders), any Reinforcements and Special Rules. The setup diagrams printed on each card are not reproduced here.

Scenario 1: Kadesh, 1288 BC

Design: B. Banks & M. Nagel

Side A as Matawallis, King of the Hittites

Your spies have done their job well. The Egyptians have walked into your trap. You are now poised to destroy an entire enemy corps, cut their army in two, and isolate the Egyptian Pharaoh.

Panic: 18
Units at Start: LI (I11/1), LI (J11/1), LI (J12/1), CH (K11/1), CH (K10/1), CH (L12/1), CH (L11/1), MM (M12/1), CH (M11/1), CP (M10), LI (N12/1), LI (N11/1), LI (O11/1), LDR-B.

Side B as Ramses II, Pharaoh of Egypt

The defectors that told you the Hittites were retreating are spies! You are about to learn the true whereabouts of the enemy, when survivors of the Re corps stream into your camp. If you can hold out, your chronicler may be able to turn a draw into a victory or a defeat into a draw.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: MI (I9/2), MM (J9/2), CH (K8/2), CP (P9), MI (P8/2), MM (Q8/2), CH (Q9/2), LDR-B.
Reinforcement: (Turn 3, between A9 and A11): CH, LI, MM. (Turn 5, between A9 and A11): CH, LI, MM. (Turn 5, between R9 and R11): LI.

Special Rules

Egyptians start with 1 VP.
Place a wooden bridge in K6, a stone bridge between L10-L11, a ford between P10-P11, and a built-up area in M10.

Historical Note: After the Hittite ambush overran the Re division, Ramses gathered up his bodyguard and prepared to die valiantly. He was saved only by the timely arrival of reinforcements. Nevertheless, the Hittite failure to capitalize on their ambush is often considered to constitute an Egyptian victory.

Scenario 2: Leuctra, 371 BC

Design: B. Banks & K. Meints

Side A as Epaminodas of Thebes

The Peloponnesian war put an end to Athenian arrogance. It replaced it with Spartan arrogance. To prevent your city-state from being stifled, you must defeat the legendary Spartan army.

Panic: 14
Units at Start: MM (G4/5), MM (H5/5), MI (I5/5), MI (J6/5), MI (K6/5), PX (K5/5), LC (L7/5), LC (M7/5), LC (N8/5), CP (K4), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Cleambrotus of Sparta

Thebes should have learned its lesson in the last war. Now you must send Spartans back into Boeotia and remove their base of power. You have the larger army and they are Spartans.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: MM (D5/2), MI (E5/2), MI (F6/2), MI (G6/2), PX (H7/2), PX (I7/2), MM (J8/2), LC (K8/2), LC (L9/2), CP (E7), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Historical Note: Contrary to prevailing practices, the Thebans placed their main strength on their left flank. This gave them the advantage of surprise, which they used to full effect. For a time Thebes became the dominant power in Greece.

Scenario 3: Chaeronea, 338 BC

Design: B. Banks & K. Meints

Side A as Philip, King of Macedonia

You have built the finest army in the world, but to the Greeks to the south you are a barbarian. You will show these arrogant Greeks who is master, and then turn a united Greece against the decaying Persian Empire.

Panic: 22
Units at Start: MM (G2/5), MM (G3/5), PX (G4/5), PX (G5/5), PX (G6/5), PX (H7/5), MI (I7/5), HC (I8/5), HC (J8/5), LC (I9/5), MM (I10/5), CP (J7), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Theagenes, King of Thebes

An upstart king from the northern fringes of civilization threatens the Greek city-states. Thebes, Athens and several smaller cities have combined an army to teach these Macedonians about Greek military tradition.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: CP (B3), MM (E2/3), MI (E3/3), MI (E4/3), MM (E5/3), PX (E6/3), MM (E7/3), PX (E8/3), PX (E9/3), LC (E10/3), LC (E11/3), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Special Rules

Place a Built-Up area in E1.
Ignore all Woods.

Historical Note: Philip attacks with his infantry on the right flank. He is either repulsed, or feigns a retreat. His son, Alexander, finds a gap in the opposite flank and leads his cavalry through it, to win the day. This tactic will become his trademark for the rest of his career. Please note that the 'woods' on the map actually represent swampy ground. Treat them as woods anyway.

Scenario 4: Granicus, 334 BC

Design: B. Banks & K. Meints

Side A as Alexander of Macedonia

Your father, Philip, conquered Greece. Will you live in his shadow, or can you conquer the mightiest empire on earth? You have landed in Asia Minor and disbanded your fleet. You now face the first Persian army.

Panic: 30
Units at Start: HC (B3/2), LC (B4/2), MM (C4/2), PX (D5/2), PX (E5/2), PX (F6/2), PX (G6/2), PX (H7/2), PX (I7/2), MI (I8/2), LC (J8/2), HC (J9/2), HC (K8/2), LA (L9/2), LA (M9/2), CP (E8), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Memnon of Greece

As a Greek general working for the Persians, you have been ordered to defend Persian territory and not to withdraw. They say Alexander is only a boy. But he is a boy with a superb, veteran army and the support of some 'Persian' cities along the Aeonian coast.

Panic: 28
Units at Start: LC (E1/5), LC (F2/5), LC (G2/5), HC (H3/5), HC (I3/5), HC (J4/5), HC (K4/5), HC (K5/5), HC (L6/5), HC (M5/5), HC (M6/5), LC (N6/5), LC (O5/5), LC (O6/5), MM (L1/5), MI (M1/5), MI (N2/5), MM (O2/5), CP (O1), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Special Rules

Ignore all Woods.

Historical Note: The mercenary general Memnon suggested using a scorched earth strategy to grind the Macedonians down. This idea didn't sit well with the Persian nobles whose land was to be burned, so he was ordered to stand and fight. Given his weaker forces, the idea was to kill Alexander. In the cavalry battle on the Persian left, they nearly succeeded. Instead, Macedonian troops cleared the hill and surrounded the enemy's Greek mercenaries.

Scenario 5: Legnano, 1176 AD

Design: B. Banks & M. Nagel

Side A as Fredrich Barbarosa, Holy Roman Emperor

Who does Alexander III think he is? You are the Holy Roman Emperor and therefore lord of northern Italy. His kingdom is the kingdom of men's souls, not of earthly possessions. This is your fifth expedition into Italy. Make it your last.

Panic: 24
Units at Start: KT (I8/2), KT (J9/2), KT (J11/2), KT (I10/2), KT (G9/2), KT (H10/2), CP (H11).
Reinforcement: LDR-B (Turn 2, place where you wish).

Side B as Alexander III, Pope (in exile)

Who does Fredrich think he is? You are the father of the church and God's representative on earth. Fredrich is just an earthly king. With the army of the Lombard League at your back you can make Fredrich's fifth invasion of Italy his last.

Panic: 31
Units at Start: KT (M6/5), HA (M3/5), HI (N4/5), HI (O4/5), WW (P3), HA (P5/5), LDR-B.
Reinforcement: 2xKT (Turn 2, enter at map edge within two hexes of the camp) LDR-B, 3xKT (Turn 3, enter at map edge within two hexes of the camp).

Special Rules

Side A's Camp has a combat strength of 4.
Once per game, Side B (Alexander) may stack a Heavy Infantry unit (representing the "Company of Death") with the War Wagon. Neither of these units may move for the duration of the game. If attacked, the Combat Strength of the HI is used. All other game effects are determined by the WW (Zones of Control, Missile Combat, etc).

Historical Note: Fredrich's cavalry defeated the lead Italian cavalry, but was stopped dead by the Italian pikemen. The rest of the Italian cavalry then appeared, and tipped the balance in the Pope's favor. This battle later became recognized as a foreshadowing of the rise of infantry. In this scenario, however, you will find the Italian infantry hanging on by its fingernails until the cavalry can ride to its rescue -- much more dramatic!

Scenario 6: Hattin, 1187 AD

Design: B. Banks

Side A as Guy of Lusignan

The infidels have attacked the crusader states and threatened the holy land. You have assembled all available crusaders to defeat these invaders.

Panic: 21
Units at Start: HA (E6/3), HI (F7/3), HI (G7/3), WW (H8), KT (I8/3), KT (J9/3), KT (K9/3), KT (L10/3), LDR-B.

Side B as Saladin

It is time to expel the infidel from the holy land. They have broken their truces, so now you will retake Jerusalem.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: LC (N6/5), LC (O6/5), LC (P7/5), LC (Q7/5), WW (P3), LDR-A, LDR-B.
Reinforcement: 6xHC (Turn 1, enter from any map edge).

Special Rules

Knights must use the 'command control' rules (17.4).
Saladin's Heavy Cavalry (HC) may be withheld to enter on a later turn.

Historical Note: The Turks were often frustrated that Crusader armor was too difficult to penetrate. The Crusaders were frustrated that the enemy light cavalry would snipe from a distance, but wouldn't stand and fight. In this battle the Turks succeed in separating the enemy cavalry from the infantry, so that each can be defeated in detail. If they could prevent this, the Crusaders would win.

Scenario 7: Arsouf, 1191 AD

Design: B. Banks

Side A as Saladin

The infidel has captured Acre and slaughtered helpless prisoners. His army is marching down the Mediterranean coast, dividing your empire in half. You must make a stand somewhere before more cities fall.

Panic: 35
Units at Start: LI (E6/5), LI (E7/5), LI (F7/5), LI (F8/5), LI (G7/5), LI (G8/5), LI (H8/5), LI (H9/5), LI (I8/5), LI (I9/5), LI (J9/5), LI (J10/5), LI (K9/5), LC (A5/4), LI (A7/4), LI (A8/4), CP (B3), LC (B5/4), LI (B7/4), LI (B8/4), LC (C4/4), LI (C6/4), LI (C7/4), HC (D4/4), LI (D6/4), LI (D7/4), HC (E4/4), HC (F5/4), HC (G5/4), HC (H6/4), LC (I6/4), LC (J7/4), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Richard the Lionheart

Four years ago the pagan, Saladin, destroyed a Christian army at Hattin and captured Jerusalem. You have come on crusade to recapture the city. Currently, you are marching south, consolidating the coastal cities and being harassed by enemy archers. Near the woods before Arsouf you are attacked.

Panic: 28
Units at Start: CP (E11), HA (D9/1), KT (C11/2), KT (D11/2), KT (E10/2), HA (F10/2), HA (E9/2), KT (F11/2), HA (G10/2), HA (H11/2), HA (B11/6), HA (B10/6), HA (C9/6), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Historical Note: Saladin harasses and finally attacks the Crusader army on its march. Richard manages to hold his knights in check and control their attack. If he could not have done this, his cavalry would have been drawn off and defeated, as happened at Manzikert. Note that the river actually represents the coastline.

Scenario 8: Bannockburn, 1314 AD

Design: B. Banks & M. Nagel

Side A as Edward of England

The Scots are in rebellion. You have an army of 20,000 with which to put them down. The enemy rabble is no match for English chivalry and sturdy yeoman archers. Don't let the poor terrain discourage you.

Panic: 43
Units at Start: KT (K11/1), KT (L11/1), KT (M11/1), KT (O8/1), KT (O9/1), LA (O10/1), LA (O11/1), KT (P9/1), KT (P10/1), LA (P11/1), LA (P12/1), KT (Q9/1), KT (Q10/1), LA (Q11/1), KT (R10/1), CP (R11), LDR-B.

Side B as Robert the Bruce

Scotland has too long been under the English yoke. You have been hunted as a fugitive for years, but now you have an army. This is your chance for independence.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: PX (L6/4), PX (M6/4), KT (N5/4), PX (N6/4), LA (N7/4), PX (O6/4), CP (P4), PX (P6/4).
Reinforcement: LDR-A, LI, (Turn 4, arrive in the camp hex. It costs them one movement point to leave. If they cannot leave the camp, they must be brought in later).

Special Rules

English archers get two shots per turn and may use Rapid Fire (10.7).
English knights are subject to Command Control (17.4).
Place stone bridge between L10-L11 and a ford between P10-P11.

Historical Note: An English flanking attack is foreseen and repulsed. The main attack has some limited success despite the terrain and the sturdy Scottish pike units. At a critical point civilians from the Scottish camp make a spontaneous attack. The English are driven back into the woods and marsh where they are destroyed. The famous English longbows were present, but seem to have played no part in the battle.

Scenario 9: Second Mantinea, 362 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Epaminodas of Thebes

You have defeated the famous Spartans before. Now another war has broken out with them. This time they have the support of Athens. Your generalship and the Theban 'sacred band' must now prove their worth again.

Panic: 18
Units at Start: MI (N7/3), LC (N6/3), MM (O5/3), MI (M7/3), PX (M6/3), PX (L7/3), MI (K7/3), LC (J8/3), CP (J6), MM (I8/3), LDR-A, LDR-C.

Side B as Agesilaus II, King of Sparta

First the enemy general threatens Mantinea, then Sparta, now Mantinea again. He has kept you running across half of Greece. Now he attempts to out maneuver your position here. What will he do next?

Panic: 14
Units at Start: MM (J10/1), LC (K10/1), HI (L10/6), HI (M9/6), PX (N9/6), CP (N10), PX (O8/6), LC (P8/6), MM (P7/6), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Historical Note: Epaminodas attacks by surprise in an oblique formation (left flank attacks with right trailing). This is very similar to his famous victory at Leuctra and again he wins. However, he dies in the battle.

Scenario 10: Gaugamela, 331 BC

Design: B. Banks and K. Meints

Side A as Alexander of Macedonia

The enemy empire has brought together a host of unheard of size. Your tiny army is well trained and experienced, but vastly outnumbered. Add to this the fact that you are deep inside their empire and it becomes clear that the result will be close at best.

Panic: 29
Units at Start: HC (N9/4), LC (O9/4), MM (M4/5), PX (M5/5), PX (M6/5), PX (M7/5), MM (M8/5), MM (O4/5), PX (O5/5), PX (O6/5), MM (O7/5), CP (Q5), HC (M3/6), HC (N3/6), HI (N4/6), LA (O2/6), LC (P2/6), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Darius of Persia

The barbarian boy-king has been beating your army for years. He has refused offers of half your empire and your daughter in marriage. He seems implacable and unstoppable. You have combined the might of Asia. You have a fine cavalry force and a plain on which to use it. Make the best of your advantage, for this may be your last chance.

Panic: 47
Units at Start: CP (C5), LI (G2/2), LI (G3/2), LI (G4/2), LI (G5/2), LI (G6/2), LI (G7/2), LI (G8/2), LI (G9/2), LI (G10/2), LI (G11/2), LC (H1/2), HC (H4/2), HC (H5/2), MI (H6/2), MI (H7/2), HC (H8/2), HC (H9/2), LC (I1/2), LC (I2/2), LC (I3/2), HC (I4/2), HC (I5/2), MM (I6/2), HC (I7/2), HC (I8/2), LC (I9/2), HC (I10/2), LC (I11/2), LC (I12/2), CH (J6/2), EL (J7/2), LC (J10/2), LC (J11/2), LDR-B, LDR-C, LDR-D.

Historical Note: Alexander attacked on his right flank, while refusing his left. In attempting to conform to this movement, the Persians opened gaps in their ranks, which Alexander exploited with cavalry thrusts, causing Darius to flee in panic from the field.

Scenario 11: Hydaspes, 326 BC

Design: B. Banks and K. Meints

Side A as Alexander of Macedonia

Crossing the Himalayas, you find the world does not end. There is another kingdom to defeat. You begin to wonder how much farther you have to go.

Panic: 25
Units at Start: HC (F4/5), LC (F5/5), HC (G4/5), LA (H5/5), MM (I5/5), PX (J6/5), PX (K6/5), WW (L4), PX (L6/5), PX (L7/5), PX (M7/5), MM (N8/5), HC (O8/5), LC (P8/5), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Porus of India

Your neighbor, the Persian Empire, has fallen. The invaders turn on you next. Earlier, your son was killed in battle. Now is the time for the showdown.

Panic: 23
Units at Start: LC (B7/2), CH (C6/2), LC (C7/2), LI (D8/2), LC (E8/2), LI (F9/2), CP (E10), EL (F8/2), LA (G8/2), LI (G9/2), EL (H9/2), LI (H10/2), LA (I9/2), EL (J10/2), LC (I10/2), LI (J11/2), LC (K11/2), LC (L12/2), CH (M11/2), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Historical Note: Alexander attacks (again!) on the right flank. Porus reinforces with cavalry, but is unable to stem the Greek tide. Alexander proceeds to roll up the Indian flank, and win the battle.

Scenario 12: Heraclea, 280 BC

Design: B. Banks and K. Meints

Side A as Pyrrhus, King of Epirus

Greek colonies in Italy are threatened by Rome, a newly emerging power. They appeal to you for help and you have sent it.

Panic: 24
Units at Start: EL (B11/1), LC (B10/1), HC (C9/1), PX (D9/1), PX (E8/1), PX (F8/1), PX (G7/1), MI (H7/1), LA (I6/1), CP (G10), MM (J7/1), LC (J9/1), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as P. Laverius Laevinus, Consul of Rome

Greeks are interfering with Rome's affairs in Italy. You have crossed the Siris River and will face a Greek army for the first time.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: LC (B7/4), MM (D7/4), CP (E3), HI (E5/4), HI (E6/4), HI (F5/4), HI (F6/4), HI (G4/4), HI (G5/4), HI (H5/4), HI (H4/4), MM (I4/4), LC (J4/4), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Historical Note: Greek Phalanx and Roman heavy infantry are well matched and the issue is in doubt. Pyrrhus launches war elephants against the Roman right. The Roman cavalry panics and the Roman right flank is rolled up. Pyrrhus wins here and again at Asculum, but his losses at both battles are so high, he remarks, "Another such victory and I am lost". This is where we get the term 'Pyrrhic victory.' He is later defeated at Beneventum and comments "what a battlefield I am leaving for Carthage and Rome". He was right again.

Scenario 13: Trebia, 218 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Sempronius Longus, Consul of Rome

Hannibal begins the war by making his army in Spain disappear. Now it has reappeared in Italy. You don't care how he did it; it is your duty and your career to defeat this oriental wizard.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: LC (D9/3), HI (F7/3), MM (F8/3), CP (G5), HI (G6/3), LI (G7/3), HI (H6/3), LI (H7/3), HI (I5/3), LI (I6/3), LI (J6/3), MM (K5/3), LC (L4/3), LDR-B.

Side B as Hannibal, General of Carthage

The Roman infantry is far superior to your barbarian mercenaries, and even your reliable Carthaginians. In addition, Roman fleets can keep Carthage's navy from sailing. You have crossed the Alps and brought war to Rome, but at a heavy cost to your army and with the loss of all your elephants.

Panic: 18
Units at Start: EL (I11/6), MM (J10/6), LC (I12/6), LI (K9/6), LI (L9/6), LI (M8/6), LI (N8/6), HI (N10/6), MM (O7/6), HI (O9/6), CP (O10), EL (Q6/6), LC (R6/6), LDR-A, LDR-C.
Reinforcements: 1xLC (Turn 1: Enter any map edge).

Historical Note: Roman cavalry was perhaps the worst in history. Hannibal easily defeated them. In addition, a hidden detachment of cavalry hit the Roman right rear. The result was that another army seemed to disappear – the Roman army. It was many days before the survivors straggled home with their long, sad story.

Scenario 14: Raphia, 217 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Antiochus III

Your great grandfather was one of Alexander's generals, and so inherited part of the empire. Your ambition is to reunite it. Later, you will retake the north, the east and move into the west. First, you plan to topple the weak Egyptian kingdom to the south. One victory and this war should be over.

Panic: 36
Units at Start: LC (E11/6), LA (F10/6), MM (F11/6), EL (G9/6), LI (G10/6), LI (H10/6), HI (I9/6), HI (J9/6), PX (K8/6), PX (L8/6), CP (L9), PX (M7/6), EL (N6/6), LI (N7/6), EL (O5/6), HI (O6/6), EL (P5/6), MM (Q4/6), LC (P6/6), LC (Q5/6), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Ptolemy IV

As if ruling the empire weren't enough, a foreign army has invaded and taken your father's gains in Syria and Palestine. Bother!

Panic: 39
Units at Start: LC (B9/3), LI (C8/3), HI (D8/3), HI (E7/3), MM (E8/3), PX (F7/3), CP (G5), PX (G6/3), PX (H6/3), PX (I5/3), PX (J5/3), PX (K4/3), LI (L4/3), EL (L5/3), HI (M3/3), EL (M4/3), LI (N3/3), EL (N4/3), MM (O3/3), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Special Rules

Antiochus' Elephants gain a +1 when in melee against Ptolemy's Elephants.

Historical Note: Both sides win on their respective right flanks. This leaves the matter to the phalanxes in the center. Here Ptolemy's Egyptians get the better of their opponents. Antioch is forced to delay his conquest of Syria.

Scenario 15: Cannae, 216 BC

Design: B. Banks

Side A as Hannibal of Carthage

Rather than waging a defensive war, you crossed the Alps into the enemy homeland. Unfortunately, you lost many good men and all your elephants doing it. Before you is an army at least twice your size. You have superior cavalry and one thing the Romans lack: imagination.

Panic: 15
Units at Start: HC (H2/3), HC (H3/3), HI (H4/3), MM (H5/3), LI (H6/3), LI (H7/3), LI (G6/3), LI (G7/3), MM (F8/3), HI (E8/3), LC (D9/3), LC (C9/3), CP (B3), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as Terentius Varro of Rome

This Hannibal was supposed to be in Spain. He appears in Italy. He defeats a Roman army. Another army is sent against him and disappears. Well, now you have temporary control of two Roman armies. Let's see the wizard make both armies disappear.

Panic: 28
Units at Start: LC (G12/6), HI (I10/6), HI (J9/6), HI (J10/6), MM (J11/6), HI (K10/6), HI (K9/6), HI (K8/6), HI (K7/6), HI (L6/6), HI (L7/6), HI (L8/6), HI (L9/6), LC (M3/6), MM (M6/6), HI (M7/6), CP (N10), LDR-B.

Historical Note: The superior Roman infantry advances in a solid mass and forces back Hannibal's poorer troops in the center. The lines bow back, but do not break, thus surrounding the Romans on three sides. The Carthaginian cavalry easily wins on the wings, and completes the trap by attacking the rear. Hannibal is unable or unwilling to march on Rome. Instead, he prefers to separate Rome from her manpower base in Italy.

Scenario 16: Zama, 202 BC

Design: B. Banks and K. Meints

Side A as Hannibal, General of Carthage

Several disappointing years campaigning in Italy has failed to unravel Rome's hold on various Italian peoples. Some have joined you, some haven't. Foreign powers come to your aid, but to no avail. No matter how many armies you defeat, Rome simply builds another!

Panic: 24
Units at Start: LC (I9/6), MM (J9/6), EL (K8/6), EL (L8/6), EL (M7/6), MI (M8/6), HI (M9/6), MM (N7/6), MI (N8/6), HI (N9/6), HC (O6/6), HI (O8/6), CP (P10), LDR-A.

Side B as Scipio Africanus, Consul of Rome

Rome has trusted you with an army and with the honor of invading the enemy homeland. So far it has paid off. Many of Carthage's former allies and subjects are coming over to Rome. But the famous Hannibal has returned from Italy. You will have to face him now.

Panic: 22
Units at Start: LC (C7/3), LC (D7/3), CP (E4), HI (E5/3), HI (E6/3), HI (F6/3), HI (F5/3), HI (G5/3), MM (G6/3), HI (H5/3), HI (I4/3), MM (I5/3), HI (J4/3), HC (K3/3), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Historical Note: Scipio held all the cards. Hannibal was deprived of his usual cavalry superiority. His veteran army had been seriously reduced by years of campaigning. All he had was a bunch of lousy elephants that ended up trampling his own front line.

Scenario 17: Magnesia, 190 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Antiochus III, King of Syria

Despite several reversals, you have spent your reign reuniting the Seleucid Empire that was left you. Now Rome presumes to dictate policy in Asia. They defeated you in Greece when you tried to bring it under your sway. Now the battle is in Asia Minor.

Panic: 36
Units at Start: LC (B8/4), CH (C7/4), MM (D7/4), CP (E3), MI (E5/4), EL (E6/4), HC (F6/4), MI (G4/4), MM (G5/4), LI (H5/4), PX (I3/4), EL (I4/4), LI (J4/4), MI (K2/4), MM (K3/4), HC (L3/4), PX (M1/4), EL (M2/4), CH (N2/4), LC (O1/4), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Side B as Cornelius Scipio, Proconsul of Rome

Rome still has far to go to remove all its enemies. The Ptolemaic dynasty controls the wealth of Egypt. The warlike Greeks have been fighting each other for hundreds of years. But, for now, Rome is relying on you to stop the huge Seleucid Empire.

Panic: 24
Units at Start: MM (E10/1), MM (F10/1), HI (F11/1), EL (G9/1), HI (G10/1), MM (H9/1), HI (I10/1), LC (I8/1), CP (I11), MM (J8/1), HI (J9/1), MM (K7/1), HI (K8/1), HC (L7/1), LI (M6/1), MI (M7/1), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Special Rules

The Romans begin with 1 VP.

Historical Note: Antiochus personally leads his cavalry against the Roman right, and nearly takes the Roman camp. On his other flank, however, his elephants are panicked and driven back to disorder his phalanx. Despite his losses against Rome and at Raphia, he succeeds in reuniting most of his fragmented empire. He becomes known as Antioch the Great.

Scenario 18: Vosges, 58 BC

Design: B. Banks

Side A as Julius Caesar, Proconsul of Rome

After saving Southern Gaul from invasion by the Helvetii, you must now save eastern Gaul from the Germanic tribes under Ariovistus. These Germans claim they have never lost a battle, and your legions are close to panic. Still, the Germans must now prove their boasts.

Panic: 24
Units at Start: CP (D6), HI (E5/3), HI (E6/3), HI (E7/3), LC (E8/3), MM (F5/3), HI (F6/3), HI (F7/3), HI (F8/3), MM (I2/4), HI (J3/4), HI (K3/4), HI (L4/4), HI (M4/4), LC (N5/4), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as Ariovistus, Chief of the Sequani

You need living room, so by right you must take it from the weak. If these Romans wish to interfere, they will be defeated too. They are powerful warriors, but you have out maneuvered them and cut their supply. This has forced them to divide their forces.

Panic: 17
Units at Start: LI (I5/1), LI (J6/1), HI (K6/1), HI (L7/1), HI (M7/1), LC (N8/1), CP (L9), LI (I7/6), LI (I8/6), LI (I9/6), LI (I10/6), LI (J8/6), LI (J9/6), LI (J10/6), LC (J11/6), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Historical Note: To reopen his supply line, Caesar took a sizable force and established a position on the German flank. The Germans attacked this force, but it held until a larger force arrived to relieve it. By helping the Gauls against the Germans, Caesar gained a foothold in northern Gaul. It paved the way for his conquest of the whole country.

Scenario 19: Carrhae, 53 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Surena, Commander of the Parthian Host

A Roman general sees your country as an easy road to power at home. He is a stranger from a far off land and knows naught of the bravery of the Parthian warrior.

Panic: 14
Units at Start: 1 x HC, 9 x LC, LDR-B, LDR-B.

Licinius Crassus, Triumvir of Rome

You and your legions are proven veterans. It was you who defeated Spartacus. But these Parthians will not stand and fight. They lead you further and further into the wilderness. Meanwhile they harry your columns on the march. You must force a battle to win.

Panic: 18
Units at Start: WW (J7), 4 x LC, 6 x HI, 2 x MM, LDR-B.

Special Rules

Romans setup first, placing their units anywhere within two hexes of their War Wagon, oriented as desired.
The Parthians enter from any map edge on Turn 1. Parthian units may be withheld until later turns.
The Parthians may spend one command point to exchange three of their LC with HC, once per game. None of these units may have ever occupied an enemy Zone of Control.
The Parthian HC and LC are actually cataphracts (CT) and mounted archers (MA), respectively. These units each have a Missile value of '1' (arrow) and a Range of '2' when not disrupted. They have no Missile ratings when disrupted. The HC units also carry a Movement value of '4' when in good order or disrupted. The CT and MA units will be available in a future expansion. Consider this a taste of things to come!

Historical Note: The Romans were faced with the same problems the Crusaders would have hundreds of years later. Like the Crusaders, they marched in squares to give protection from attacks that came from any direction. Also like later Crusader armies, they were defeated while spread out pursuing the elusive light horsemen.

Scenario 20: Philippi, 42 BC

Design: B. Banks

Side A as the Republicans

Killing Caesar was necessary to prevent him from becoming king. The idea of a king in Rome has been unthinkable for hundreds of years. Now you must deal with his nephew and his strongest supporter, who are here to avenge his death.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: CP (E4), HI (E6/4), HI (F6/4), HI (G5/4), HI (H5/4), LI (I4/4), LI (I3/4), HI (J4/4), HI (K3/4), HI (L3/4), HI (M2/4), LC (N2/4), LC (O1/4), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as the Triumvir

You must not only avenge Caesar's death, you must also stop the powerful and ambitious men who will surely threaten you next. Once they are dealt with, it will be time to tend to your current ally.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: HI (F9/1), HI (G8/1), HI (H8/1), HI (I7/1), LI (J7/1), LI (J8/1), HI (K6/1), HI (L6/1), HI (M5/1), HI (N5/1), LC (O4/1), LC (P5/1), CP (M9), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Historical Note: Both sides win on their right flank. Brutus (Republicans) defeats Octavian (Triumvir) while Anthony (Triumvir) beats Cassius (Republicans). The following day the victorious armies meet, and the Triumvirs win.

Scenario 21: Argentoratum, 357 AD

Design: B. Banks and K. Meints

Side A as Chnodomar, Chief of the Allemani

The Roman Empire is weakening. You may now have a chance to grab some valuable land before some other group does.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: LI (D1/4), LI (E1/4), LI (F1/4), LI (F2/4), LI (G1/4), LI (G2/4), LI (H2/4), LI (H3/4), CP (I1), LI (I2/4), LI (I3/4), LI (J3/4), LI (J4/4), HC (K2/4), HC (L3/4), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Side B as Julian the Apostate, Emperor of Rome

It is no secret that Roman vitality has been drained. You will dedicate your reign to restoring traditional Roman values. You can begin to restore Rome's greatness by defeating an invading barbarian horde.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: HI (D6/1), HI (E5/1), HI (F6/1), HI (G6/1), HI (H7/1), HC (I7/1), LA (I8/1), LC (J8/1), CP (E6), HI (D4/2), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Historical Note: The barbarians defeat the cavalry on the Roman right flank, but the legions break through the center and rout the enemy.

Scenario 22: Clontarf, 1014 AD

Original Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Máel Mórda

Forces from Orkney and the Isle of Man have gathered at the Viking base of Dublin. They are joined by Irish troops from Leinster. With this host you can sweep aside the forces preventing your settlement of Ireland. You also have the opportunity to settle personal scores against Irish nobles in the enemy army.

Panic: 19
Units at Start: MI (I2/4), HC (I3/4), MI (J3/4), LA (J4/4), MI (L4/4), LI (L5/4), MI (M4/4), LI (M5/4), CP (N2), MI (O5/4), LA (O6/4), MI (P6/4), HC (P7/4), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as Brian Boru

For years your rule has brought peace and stability to Ireland. Now, your old enemies, the Danes (Norsemen actually) and Leinster, threaten the kingdom. What is even more frustrating, you are too old to lead your army. Your son must lead.

Panic: 17
Units at Start: HC (I7/1), LI (I8/1), LA (J8/1), LI (J9/1), MI (L9/1), MI (L10/1), CP (L12), MI (M9/1), MI (M10/1), LA (O10/1), LI (O11/1), HC (P11/1), LI (P12/1), LDR-A, LDR-C.

Special Rules

All non-archer units on both sides are subject to Command Control.

Historical Note: The Vikings were defeated and chased back to Dublin, with the loss of 7000 men. Unfortunately for the Irish, their legendary king, Brian Boru, was found alone and killed by some fleeing Vikings after the battle.

Scenario 23: Durazzo, 1081 AD

Design: B. Banks

Side A as Robert Guiscard of Normandy

The Pope granted you southern Italy and Sicily if you could take them from the nonbelievers. This you did and now you continue your war against Byzantium into northern Greece. Who knows where success here could lead?

Panic: 27
Units at Start: KT (K5/6), KT (K6/6), LA (K7/6), HI (K8/6), LA (K9/6), KT (K10/6), KT (K11/6), KT (L6/6), KT (L11/6), CP (M9), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Alexius Comnenus, Emperor of Byzantium

It was well and good for a Norman adventurer to take Sicily from the heathen Arabs, but he goes so far as to take Imperial lands in southern Italy. He has landed near Corfu and must be defeated soon.

Panic: 24
Units at Start: CP (B5), HC (D5/3), HC (D6/3), HC (F3/3), HA (F4/3), LI (F5/3), LI (F6/3), LI (F7/3), HA (F8/3), HC (F9/3), HC (G3/3), HA (G4/3), LI (G5/3), LI (G6/3), LI (G7/3), HA (G8/3), HC (G9/3), LDR-A.

Special Rules

Byzantine Light Infantry must use 'command control' (17.4).

Historical Note: The Normans are near to defeat when Alexius' Varangian guard makes an ill-timed charge that leaves them exposed. Ironically, the Varangian guard was made up largely of Anglo-Saxons, who lost to the Normans at Hastings the same way. Although he wins the battle, Robert Guiscard dies of the plague a few years later.

Scenario 24: Bouvines, 1214 AD

Design: B. Banks

Side A as Phillip II, King of France

Thinking you'd be too busy with the English, Otto of Germany has invaded France. Moving your army against him, you are forced to battle near the village of Bouvines.

Panic: 35
Units at Start: KT (C4/2), KT (C5/2), KT (D5/2), HA (F6/2), HI (G6/2), HI (H7/2), CP (G8), HI (I7/2), HI (J8/2), HA (K8/2), KT (M9/2), KT (M10/2), KT (N10/2), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Otto IV, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

You command an army of Germans, Flemish, and a few English. It is time to lower your lances, and with God's grace victory will be yours.

Panic: 42
Units at Start: KT (F3/5), KT (G2/5), KT (G3/5), HA (I4/5), HI (J5/5), HA (K3/5), HI (K5/5), LI (L4/5), HI (L6/5), LI (M3/5), LI (M4/5), HI (M6/5), LI (N4/5), LI (N5/5), HA (N7/5), LI (O4/5), LI (O5/5), CP (P3), LI (P5/5), HA (P6/5), KT (P8/5), KT (Q8/5), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Historical Note: The French knights win on both flanks, owing to superior training and practice. The German infantry is then left in an untenable position. This is the way medieval battles were supposed to be decided.

Scenario 25: Qarqar, 853 BC

Design: K. Meints and M. Nagel

Side A as Shalmanesar III, Emperor of Assyria

Your efforts to subjugate the lands between Assyria and the Mediterranean have gone well. Most cities have fallen into your grasp with less than a whimper, the only exception being the Kingdom of Hamath, whose cities you have leveled. Now, an upstart band of kings lay between you and the completion of your conquest.

Panic: 35
Units at Start: CP (J1), MI (G2/4), MI (H2/4), MI (I2/4), MI (J2/4), MI (K2/4), MI (L2/4), MI (M2/4), MM (F3/4), MM (N3/4), HA (H3/4), HA (J3/4), HA (L3/4), CH (E2/4), CH (D3/4), CH (O2/4), CH (P3/4), MA (D2/4), MA (P2/4), LC (C1/4), LC (C2/4), LC (Q1/4), LC (Q2/4), LDR-A, LDR-C, LDR-C.

Side B as Hadadezer, King of Damascus

Any army of devils has descended upon your lands. They show no mercy. They are not to be reasoned with. They must be stopped. The king of Hamath and ten other allies have come together with you to stop this rolling abomination. On the bank of the Orontes River, you meet the devil in combat.

Panic: 38
Units at Start: CP (K12), 4xCH, 2xLC, 1xCC, 4xMI, 12xLI, 2xLA, 1xLDR-B, 2xLDR-C.

Special Rules

Side B deploys as desired within Rows 9-12.
Hadadezer begins with 1 VP.

Historical Note: The exact deployment for this battle is unknown. The best description of this battle is found on Shalmanesar's own inscriptions, and therefore the outcome of the battle is in question. The inscriptions indicate a blow dealt against the Allies, and yet Shalmanesar's conquests did not advance much further. In fact, Shalmanesar returned to campaign in the area several more times. Hadadezer remained king of Damascus for another dozen years after this battle.

Scenario 26: Thymbra, 547 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Croesus, King of Lydia

Upon the advice of the great Oracle of Delphi, you have instigated a war against the Persians. Your first meeting with Cyrus revealed that you might have bitten off more than you could chew. You have been chased back into your own kingdom. The Oracle spoke of a great kingdom falling. Could it be your own?

Panic: 35
Units at Start: LC (A3/4), LC (B3/4), LC (B4/4), LC (C3/4), LC (C4/4), LI (E4/4), HI (E5/4), LI (F5/4), HI (F6/4), LI (G4/4), HI (G5/4), LI (H5/4), MM (H6/4), LI (I4/4), MM (I5/4), CP (J3), LI (J5/4), MM (J6/4), LI (K4/4), MM (K5/4), LI (L5/4), MM (L6/4), LI (M4/4), HI (M5/4), LI (N5/4), HI (N6/4), LC (P4/4), LC (P5/4), LC (Q3/4), LC (Q4/4), LC (R4/4), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Cyrus, King of Persia

The Lydians have foolishly decided to test your metal. You attempt to strike at them before they can regroup and are surprised to find that they have marched out to match you with twice your numbers ... but they are rabble ... and you have a secret weapon!

Panic: 28
Units at Start: LC (C11/1), LC (D11/1), LC (D12/1), CC (E10/1), LC (E11/1), HA (I9/1), HA (J9/1), HA (K9/1), CC (O10/1), LC (O11/1), LC (P11/1), LC (P12/1), LC (Q11/1), HI (J11/1), CP (J12), HI (L10/2), HI (L11/2), LA (L12/2), HI (H10/6), HI (H11/6), LA (H12/6), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-B.

Special Rules

The Persian camp has a missile range of four hexes (representing several siege towers).

Historical Note: Being badly outnumbered, Cyrus formed his troops into a large square, with his flanks covered by cavalry and newly formed camel corps. This latter formation proved decisive, as the smell of the camels caused the Lydian cavalry to panic. The decisive Persian victory resulted in the annexation of Lydia.

Scenario 27: Marathon, 490 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Miltiades the Younger, Strategoi of Athens

Your efforts to free the Greek city-states of Persian control have raised the ire of Emperor Darius, to whom you swore fealty. The Emperor has taken your son captive and has now landed an army at Marathon in preparation for a punitive march on Athens.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: CP (I6), MI (L3/2), PX (L4/2), MI (L5/2), LI (L6/2), LI (L7/2), MI (L8/2), PX (L9/2), MI (L10/2), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Datis, General of Persia

As punishment for their support of the Ionian revolt, Darius has sent you with a force numbering in the tens of thousands to bring Athens to heel. All have fallen before you, and now, only a token force stands before the completion of your conquest.

Panic: 15
Units at Start: CP (R4), LC (O2/5), MM (O3/5), MM (O4/5), MM (O5/5), MM (O6/5), MM (O7/5), LC (O8/5), LC (P2/5), LI (P3/5), LI (P4/5), LI (P5/5), LI (P6/5), LI (P7/5), LC (P8/5), LC (Q4/5), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Special Rules

The Persians begin with 1 VP.
The Persian LI is subject to Command Control (17.4).

Historical Note: The Greeks pulled their center back as a ruse to pull in the Persian force. It worked! As the Persian's advanced, the Greeks wrapped in their flanks to complete a double-envelopment. The Persian army panicked and fled back to their boats. Actual casualties are unknown, but Herodotus' estimates indicate 200 Greek casualties to over 6,000 Persians.

Scenario 28: Platea, 479 BC

Design: K. Meints and M. Nagel

Side A as Mardonius, General of Persia

After the disastrous defeat at Salamis, the Persian emperor Xerxes has left you in charge of the conquered Greek territories. Athens continues to reject your offers of peace and you have learned of an army of Spartans coming to Athens' aid. Thermopylae and its 300 still weigh heavy on your mind.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: LC (P1/5), LC (P2/5), MI (P3/5), MI (P4/5), MI (P5/5), MM (Q3/5), LC (K9/6), LC (L9/6), MM (M8/6), MM (N8/6), MM (O7/6), MM (P7/6), LC (M9/6), LI (N9/6), LI (O8/6), LI (P8/6), LI (Q7/6), CP (N10), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as Pausanius, Commander of Greek Allied Armies

The Persian emperor has fled and what remains of his army is but a shadow of what it once was. With the aid of the Tegeans, you have convinced Sparta to come to your aid in casting the Persians out of Greece once and for all. But they still out number you by nearly three to one.

Panic: 21
Units at Start: CP (H4), MM (G5/3), MM (I4/3), MM (I6/3), PX (J6/3), MM (H7/3), PX (K5/3), MI (L5/3), MI (L4/3), MI (L3/3), MI (L2/3), MM (M1/3), MI (N3/3), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Historical Note: Both armies faced off for several days, unwilling to make a move. Finally, a bit of choice propaganda got the Greeks moving. Mardonius interprets the movement as a retreat by the Spartans and launches an attack into the Greek phalanxes. The result is a slaughter, resulting in the loss of over 85% of the Persian army. The survivors were wiped out during their retreat back to Asia Minor. Thus ended forever the Persian conquest of Greece.

Scenario 29: Lake Trasimeno, 217 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Hannibal, General of Carthage

You are on the move toward Rome again, after a Winter's rest and a great victory at Trebbia. The Romans have sent two armies against you, but you have found the perfect ground on which to set a deadly trap.

Panic: 14
Units at Start: HC (O5/2), LC (O6/2), LC (O7/2), LI (O8/2), HC (O9/2), LI (P10/2), WW (M2), HI (O2/3), HI (P2/3), MM (Q1/4), MM (R1/4), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Flaminius, Consul of Rome

Hannibal has been cutting a swath of destruction south toward Rome. He must be stopped at all costs. You have assembled two armies to trap him. On a misty morning, you move your army northward along the banks of Lake Trasimeno, certain that the Carthaginian will be in your hands.

Panic: 14
Units at Start: LC (Q3/1), LC (Q4/1), MM (Q5/1), MM (Q6/1), HI (Q7/1), HI (Q8/1), HI (R9/1), HI (R10/1), HI (R11/1), WW (R12), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Do not roll for command points on the first turn. The Carthaginians automatically roll a '6' and the Romans a '1.'
The Romans begin with 1 VP.

Historical Note: Upon reaching Lake Trasimeno, Hannibal moved 35,000 of his men up into the wooded hills overlooking the water. As the 40,000 Romans marched past, he struck their column and destroyed it almost completely. This was one of the bloodiest ambushes in history, the Roman Consul Flaminius being counted among the dead.

Scenario 30: 2nd Cynoscephalae, 197 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Philip V, King of Macedonia

In an effort to stem the tide of Roman influence into your territory, you have marched south into Greece. Your cavalry was met and repulsed by Roman and their Allies in a skirmish outside Pherae. Now is not the time to engage.

Panic: 21
Units at Start: HC (J5/5), LC (J6/5), MM (J7/5), LI (J8/5), MM (J9/5), LC (J10/5), HC (J11/5), PX (K6/5), PX (K7/5), CP (M6), PX (M8/5), PX (N8/5), LDR-B.

Side B as Flamininus, Consul of Rome

Philip had been pressing his influence too far south. The Aetolian League has appealed to Rome for assistance against these incursions. Outside of Pharae you have met and repulsed Carthaginian cavalry. But now you must find forage.

Panic: 22
Units at Start: CP (C8), HI (C10/2), HI (C11/2), EL (D10/2), PX (D11/2), LI (D12/2), HI (E7/2), HI (E8/2), LC (F6/2), LI (F7/2), LI (F8/2), MM (F9/2), LI (F10/2), LI (F11/2), LC (F12/2), LDR-B.

Historical Note: After a brief cavalry skirmish both the Romans and Macedonians set out in search of forage in the Cynoscephalae hills. Flamininus' scouts unexpectedly engaged Philip when they stumbled into the Macedonian's camp. A seesaw battle ensued as both sides brought their forces into the battle. Ultimately, Flamininus brought his elephants to bear against the still disorganized Macedonian phalanxes, causing the latter to rout. This battle marked the shift in power from Alexander's successors to Roman ascendancy.

Scenario 31: Pharsalus, 48 BC

Design: K. Meints and M. Nagel

Side A as Julius Caesar

Pompey has stabbed you in the back ... and for that you will take Rome by force. You have consolidated your strength in the west and are marching eastward toward Pompey's center of power in Greece.

Panic: 17
Units at Start: MM (K2/4), LC (J3/4), MM (K3/4), HI (L3/4), HI (M3/4), HI (N3/4), HI (O3/4), CP (P1), HI (P3/4), HI (Q3/4), HI (R3/4), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Pompey

Caesar is an upstart and an enemy of Rome. He has foolishly chosen to march into Greece where you have begun the attrition and starvation of his army. But the Roman Senate demands action. Against your better judgment, you confront your foe with a larger, but less experienced force.

Panic: 28
Units at Start: LC (K6/1), LC (K7/1), LC (L7/1), LC (J7/1), MM (M7/1), MM (L8/1), HI (M8/1), HI (N8/1), HI (N9/1), HI (O8/1), HI (O9/1), HI (P8/1), HI (P9/1), CP (P10), HI (Q8/1), HI (Q9/1), HI (R8/1), HI (R9/1), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Special Rules

Caesar crossed into Italy with a battle hardened veteran army. Pompey has only hastily assembled legions. To reflect this, all of Pompey's forces begin disrupted.
Caesar's LI in R3 is actually a reduced HI. It acts as an LI in every way and, in addition, it does not have to advance after combat.
Only the Hill hexes in B2 through H5 and the river are used. All other terrain is treated as "clear."

Historical Note: With a great fear of being outflanked, both armies anchor one of their flanks against the River Enipeus. Both armies advanced slowly toward each other. Caesar's right wing repulsed a cavalry charge, and followed up with a clash of veteran shields against Pompey's hastily assembled legions. Pompey's forces collapsed under the pressure, causing Pompey to flee to Egypt, where he was ultimately assassinated.

Scenario 32: Cibalae, 315 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Lucinius, Augustus of Byzantium

Your brother-in-law, the ruler of the western empire, is demanding that you hand over your good friend Senecio, supposedly guilty of intrigue. Who does Constantine think he is to make such demands of you? And now, he has brought an army to your doorstep.

Panic: 28
Units at Start: LA (B2/5), LI (C2/5), LI (D3/5), LI (E3/5), LI (F4/5), LI (G4/5), LI (H5/5), LA (G7/6), LA (H7/6), LC (K2/6), HC (K3/6), HC (K4/6), HC (K5/6), HC (K6/6), LC (K7/6), LA (M2/6), HI (M3/6), HI (M4/6), HI (M5/6), HI (M6/6), HI (M7/6), HI (M8/6), LA (M9/6), CP (N7), LDR-B.
Reinforcement: LDR-C, LDR-D (Turn 5: place as desired).

Side B as Constantine, Caesar of Rome

You should know better than to appoint family into positions of power. The result is a plot against your rule, instigated by that rat, Senecio. Your brother-in-law has refused to turn him over, but justice must be done if you are to maintain face.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: CP (A3), HI (B4/3), HI (C4/3), HI (D5/3), HI (E5/3), HC (F6/3), LDR-A.
Reinforcements: 1xHC, 2xLC, 2xHI, 4xLA (Turn 1: enter at map edge within two hexes of the Roman camp). LDR-C (Turn 2: place as desired).

Historical Note: Constantine led an army of 20,000 into Pannonia, where 35,000 Illyrians under Lucinius ambushed him near the Sava River, outside of Cibalae. Constantine repulsed the first assault, and managed to break the enemy army after taking severe losses himself. After a long and bloody pursuit, the two rivals came to terms before both of their forces were completely destroyed. Note that the exact date of this battle is in question, taking place somewhere between 314 and 316.

Scenario 33: Ad Decimum, 533 AD

Design: K. Meints and M. Nagel

Side A as Belisarius

The Emperor, Justinian, has vowed to clear the west of the barbarian scourge. He has tasked you to begin his "Reconquista" by eliminating the Vandals. You lead 15,000 men, including your elite cataphracts, into Carthaginian territory.

Panic: 19
Units at Start: CT (K1/5), MI (K2/5), HA (K3/5), CT (L2/5), HI (L4/5), CP (M3), HI (M4/5), HI (N5/5), HA (O5/5), MI (P6/5), CT (Q5/5), CT (R6/5), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Gelimer, King of the Vandals

You have word that a large force of Romans and Huns are on the approach. You have opted to take up a defensive position ten miles south of Carthage and have split your army into three segments to out-flank the enemy.

Panic: 27
Units at Start: HC (G4/2), HC (H5/2), HC (I5/2), LI (J6/2), LI (K6/2), LI (L7/2), LC (M7/2), LC (N8/2), LC (O8/2), CP (A3), LDR-B.
Reinforcements: 2xHC, 2xLC, LDR-C (Turn 2: within hexes A1-D1). 2xHC, 2xLC, 3xLI, LDR-B (Turn 5: on a map edge within three hexes of their camp).

Special Rules

The Vandals may not withhold their reinforcements. They must enter when indicated.

Historical Note: Gelmimer's plan proved too complex, as his forces were unable to coordinate properly across difficult terrain. Belisarius crushed the first Vandal force tasked to hold him in place while the other two turned his flank. The second force was defeated upon arrival. The third force, under Gelimer bloodied Belisarius' nose, but before a fatal blow could be dealt, Gelimer learned of the death of his brother in an earlier attack, lost confidence and was routed by a counter attack.

Scenario 34: Volturnus, 554 AD

Original Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Butilinus, Chief of the Franks

Italy is ripe for plunder and is ruled by a eunuch. Your brother Leutharis has died during his return home, leaving you as sole chieftain, and your Goth allies have promised to make you king if you restore their kingdom. Why not? No man stands before you.

Panic: 27
Units at Start: HC (I8/3), CP (J5), HI (K6/3), HI (K7/3), LI (K8/3), HI (L5/3), HI (L6/3), HI (L7/3), LI (L8/3), HC (M2/3), HI (M4/3), HI (M5/3), HI (M6/3), LI (M7/3), LI (N4/3), LI (N5/3), LI (N6/3), LI (N7/3), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as Narses, General of Byzantium

Belisarius is dead and the emperor Justinian has placed you in charge of completing his "reconquest" of the west. Italy is overrun with barbarians, but they know nothing of tactics, and you have an army of elite cataphracts to deal with them.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: CT (L11/6), CT (M10/6), CT (M11/6), HA (N10/6), CT (N11/6), HA (O9/6), HI (P9/6), CT (Q3/6), CT (Q4/6), HA (Q5/6), HA (Q6/6), HI (Q7/6), HI (Q8/6), CT (R4/6), CT (R5/6), CP (R9), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Special Rules

The Franks must use Command Control (17.4).
The Franks may employ a Barbarian Charge (17.3) with their HI units (representing their use of the devastating Frankish axe man).

Historical Note: Both armies drew up before each other, with neither willing to make the first move until two Heruli mercenaries defected from Narses' camp and promised that their countrymen would not fight owing to disagreements with Narses. The Franks charged Narses' center and the latter lead his cavalry around their flanks in envelopment. As confusion spread among the Franks, the Heruli joined the battle, making the slaughter complete.

Scenario 35: Hastings, 1066 AD

Design: K. Meints and M. Nagel

Side A as William, Duke of Normandy

Edward the Confessor is dead and he had promised you the throne. You have been establishing policy in England for years, so the stories that Edward passed the crown to Harold must be lies. The crown is yours and you will take it by force, if necessary.

Panic: 13
Units at Start: HA (A4/1), HC (A5/1), MI (C5/1), HC (C6/1), MI (D6/1), HC (D7/1), CP (C8), LA (F7/1), HC (F8/1), LDR-B.

Side B as Harold, King of Wessex

Edward has passed the crown to you and your ascension has the support of the noble assembly. You have dealt with Viking invaders and now a Norman upstart has landed to claim your crown. You will show the people what the defender of the realm can do.

Panic: 14
Units at Start: MI (B2/4), MI (C2/4), HI (D3/4), CP (E2), HI (E3/4), HI (F4/4), MI (G4/4), MI (H5/4), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Harold begins with 1 VP.
If William is killed, his army automatically panics during the following turn. On the subsequent turn, return William to play (i.e. William is out of play for one full turn after he is "killed"). This panic does not provide a VP to Harold. If William is killed subsequently, he is out for good.

Historical Note: Harold's men hold the high ground, behind a shield wall. William's missile volleys have no effect, nor does the initial charge by his infantry. Harold hold firmly after multiple attacks. In the melee, William's horse is shot out from under him, leading the Normans to believe he has fallen, causing them to rout. William stems the tide by removing his helmet to remove all doubt that he's still alive. After rallying his troops, Williams manges to break the shield wall and kills Harold.

Scenario 36: Manzikert, 1071 AD

Original Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Romanos IV of Byzantium

Your predecessors did much to weaken the empire, handing over territories and signing treaties with Turkish invaders. These incursions stop with you, as you lead expeditions to throw the heathens out. You have made a peaceful offer to Arp Aslan to end his siege of Edessa ... but you know he won't accept it.

Panic: 31
Units at Start: HT (J10/6), HT (K9/6), HA (K10/6), HT (L9/6), HA (L10/6), HT (M8/6), HI (M9/6), HT (N8/6), HI (N9/6), CP (N10), HT (O7/6), HA (O8/6), HA (P8/6), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Side B as Alp Arslan (Turks)

To expand Turkish holdings, you have invaded the Byzantine Empire. The emperor has been successful in throwing back Turkish forces, but this time you, the "valiant lion," are on the field. You have already disposed of half of Romanos' army. Now you will take the rest.

Panic: 33
Units at Start: MA (B6/3), MA (B7/3), HC (C5/3), MA (C6/3), HC (D5/3), HC (D6/3), CP (E3), HC (E4/3), HC (E5/3), HC (F4/3), HC (F5/3), HC (G3/3), HC (G4/3), HC (H3/3), HC (H4/3), HC (I2/3), HC (I3/3), MA (J2/3), HC (J3/3), MA (K1/3), MA (K2/3), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Special Rules

The Byzantine HT is subject to Command Control (17.4). This simulates problems dissention within the Byzantine leadership during the battle. It is not a reflection on the cataphracts of the period.

Historical Note: As Romanos advanced toward the Turks, the latter spread out into a crescent formation, pelting the his flanks with missile fire. The Turks employed hit-and-run tactics to cause confusion. By nightfall, the Byzantines were in complete disarray, allowing the Turks to defeat them in detail. Romanos was captured by Alp Aslan, but mercifully released. Given that Romanos' rule completely collapsed after the battle, the Turks did him no favors.

Scenario 37: Indus, 1221 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Jelal Ad-Din, Sultan of the Kwarazimid Empire

Genghis Khan has all but destroyed your empire. Your only hope is to escape into India. With a guard of 5,000 and nearly 50,000 refugees, you make your way toward the Indus. Can you cross in time?

Panic: 22
Units at Start: LC (E1/4), LC (F1/4), LC (F2/4), LC (G1/4), LC (G2/4), LI (I2/4), HC (I3/4), CP (J1), LI (J3/4), HC (J4/4), LI (K3/4), HC (K4/4), HC (L2/4), HC (M2/4), LA (M5/4), LA (N5/4), LA (N6/4), LA (O5/4), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as Ghengis Khan and the Mongol Horde

The Kwazarim have mocked your negotiations and their sultan has defeated one of your armies. To save face, none may survive. The sultan is running for safety, but he carries too much baggage. Your horsemen are quickly gaining on him.

Panic: 37
Units at Start: MA (E3/1), MA (E4/1), HC (F4/1), HC (F5/1), MA (G4/1), MA (I5/1), MA (I6/1), HC (J6/1), HC (J7/1), HC (J9/1), HC (I8/1), HC (H8/1), HC (K9/1), MA (K6/1), MA (K7/1), MA (M7/1), MA (M8/1), HC (N8/1), HC (N9/1), MA (O8/1), WW (O10), LDR-A, LDR-C, LDR-C.

Special Rules

Ad-Din's LI is actually dismounted cavalry. Players may substitute the LI for LC.
At the beginning of each turn, the Mongol player must roll a die. If the roll is equal to or less than the current turn number, the following reinforcements are received: 3xMA, 2xHC, LDR-D. These units arrive between hexes R8-R10.

Historical Note: The Sultan posted his force in front of the Indus so that he and the refugees could cross over in safety. Genghis Khan released nearly a quarter of his army to make its way through difficult mountainous terrain to strike the Sultan's flank. This maneuver proved decisive, as the Mongols succeeded in encircling the Sultan's force and destroying it. The Sultan barely made it across the Indus, and spent three years in India in exile.

Scenario 38: Liegnica, 1241 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Henry of Silesia

Hell's horsemen have crossed into Europe. All the armies of neighboring nations have been summoned to halt the invasion. King Wenceslaus has called up an army of 50,000 to join your own of 25,000. You will match these barbarians with your Teutonic Knights.

Panic: 58
Units at Start: KT (N2/5), KT (N3/5), HA (N4/5), HI (N5/5), HI (N6/5), HI (N7/5), HA (N8/5), KT (N9/5), KT (N10/5), KT (N11/5), KT (O1/5), KT (O2/5), HA (O3/5), HI (O4/5), HI (O5/5), HI (O6/5), HA (O7/5), KT (O8/5), KT (O9/5), KT (O10/5), CP (Q5), LDR-B.

Side B as Kadan

Within two generations, all of Asia is at your feet. It is now time to cross into Europe. The Khan has ordered two armies to attack into Hungary in pursuit of the perfidious Cuman peoples who have sought asylum there. You have been given command of a third army to attack into Poland to tie down any potential reinforcements.

Panic: 30
Units at Start: HC (G2/2), HC (G3/2), HC (G4/2), HC (G5/2), HC (G6/2), HC (G7/2), HC (G8/2), HC (G9/2), HC (G10/2), HC (G11/2), MA (I2/2), MA (I3/2), MA (I4/2), MA (I5/2), MA (I6/2), MA (I7/2), MA (I8/2), MA (I9/2), MA (I10/2), MA (I11/2), WW (B7), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Special Rules

Mongol units may leave the map and reenter the same map edge on the following turn, and adjacent edge in two turns or the opposite edge in three turns.

Historical Note: The Mongol army intercepted Henry's forces before they could link up with King Wenceslaus. Henry launched an attack with his knights that caused the Mongols to fall back in feigned retreat. The knights took the bait. The Mongols employed smoke to hide their movements and confuse the Europeans. In the confusion, Henry's forces were strung out and defeated piecemeal. Henry's army was virtually destroyed. Upon receiving news, Wenceslaus fell back to seek reinforcements. The Mongol strategy to delay assistance to Hungary had succeeded.

Scenario 39: Falkirk, 1298 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Edward I of England

Wallace and Moray have thrown your troops and influence from Scotland and declared its independence. They now look to establish trade agreements with foreign powers. To make matters worse, Wallace continues to lead raids into northern England. Scotland must be brought back under your heel.

Panic: 25
Units at Start: LA (H8/3), KT (H9/3), CP (I5), HI (I6/3), KT (I8/3), HI (J6/3), LA (J7/3), KT (K7/3), LA (M5/3), KT (M6/3), KT (N6/3), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Wallace of Scotland

The English dare to meddle in your affairs, even after they have been soundly beaten. They have gone so far as to break your treaty with France. As Guardian of Scotland, you have assembled an army to protect your lands from the English king. You know that he will come sooner rather than later.

Panic: 18
Units at Start: KT (M11/6), PK (N11/6), PK (O10/6), PK (P10/6), PK (Q9/6), CP (Q11), KT (R9/6), LDR-A.

Special Rules

Wallace begins the scenario with 1 VP.
The English KTs are subject to Command Control (17.4).
The English LAs may fire up to twice per activation.

Historical Note: After making their way around a boggy area, the English cavalry easily drove off the few Scottish horsemen, but were driven off by the Scottish schiltrons. Edward moved his infantry in to lock the Scots in place and proceeded to pepper them with devastating missile fire. Unable to escape, the Scottish positions were broken apart and made vulnerable to a final cavalry charge. Nearly a third of Wallace's initial force was killed and another third deserted him. The English were back.

Scenario 40: Sempach, 1386 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Leopold III of Austria

You are a Hapsburg. Europe belongs to the Hapsburgs. You have tried to come to peaceful terms with the Swiss upstarts, but they have balked at your offer. Now you will have to deal with them more forcefully.

Panic: 32
Units at Start: CP (C5), HI (C6/3), HI (D6/3), HI (F5/3), LDR-B.
Reinforcements: 6xKT (Turn 2: enter on either map edge within four hexes of your camp).

Side B as Arnold von Winkelreid and the Swiss Confederacy

You have heard that the town of Sempach is under siege by a Hapsburg army. If you can catch the invaders by surprise and trap them, you'll show the strength and resolve of your Confederacy ... even at the cost of your own life!

Panic: 14
Units at Start: HI (H7/1), PK (E11/6), PK (F11/6), HI (G7/6), PK (G10/6), CP (H8), PK (H10/6), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Beginning on Turn 3, the Austrian KTs are subject to Command Control (17.4).

Historical Note: The initial Austrian advance has some success until it runs into the main body of Swiss pikemen. Even with the arrival of reinforcements they are pushed back and eventually broken. With this battle the pike begins to replace cavalry as the dominant arm. Gunpowder is already available at this time and will begin to be used more and more frequently. Thus enters the period of 'Musket and Pike', and the end of Ancient warfare.

Scenario 41: Megiddo, 1457 BC

Design: M. Nagel and B. Banks

Side A as Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt

The rule of your empire has brought peace and prosperity from Egypt to as far as Anatolia. The rebel Canaanites threaten to fracture that prosperity. Now, with sole control over the empire, you march with a grand army to meet the rebels and show your strength as Pharaoh.

Panic: 14
Units at Start: CH (C8/1), CP (C11), LA (A8/1), LI (B9/1), LI (C9/1), LA (E10/1), LI (F11/1), CH (G10/1), LI (G11/1), CH (H9/1), LI (K8/1), LI (L8/1), LA (M7/1), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Side B as the King of Kadesh and the Canaanites

You have been under Egyptian bondage for far too long, but now their queen is dead. Before her successor can consolidate her power, the opportunity to break your chains has presented itself. You have marched with your allies to join the King of Megiddo, who controls the trade route between Egypt and Mesopotamia.

Panic: 10
Units at Start: CH (K5/4), LI (J6/4), MM (I6/4), MM (F8/4), LI (E7/5), LI (E6/5), MM (D6/5), CH (C5/5), CP (G5), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Special Rules

The King of Kadesh starts with 1 VP.
Place a Town in Hex G5.

Historical Note: The Canaanites' forces were dispersed when Thutmose arrived. Although initially surprised, the King of Kadesh managed to organize his available forces in defense of Megiddo. Still, Thutmose's army was able to outflank and overwhelm the King's forces, who managed to withdraw into the city. A seven month siege ensued, ultimately resulting in the capture of the city. Over the next several years, Thutmose brought the remainder of the 'rebels' back under his rule.

Scenario 42: Issus, 333 BC

Design: M. Nagel and B. Banks

Side A as Alexander, King of Macedonia

Earlier in the year you defeated Memnon and his Persian satraps at the Granicus. While in Tarsus you've learned that Darius is massing a great army. If he were to reach the Gulf of Issus, he'll cut off your supply lines. You must defeat him before that happens.

Panic: 22
Units at Start: MM (F6/4), MM (G6/4), LC (I6/4), HC (J7/4), MM (K6/4), LA (L6/4), PX (M5/4), CP (M3), PX (N5/4), PX (O4/4), PX (P4/4), MM (Q4/4), HC (R4/4), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as Darius, Emperor of Persia

A child has invaded your empire and defeated your armies. He now sends a small force to bait you into an ambush. You have wisely outflanked this force and cut off his army from supply. Now you can crush him on the ground of your choosing.

Panic: 34
Units at Start: MM (E7/1), MM (F8/1), HC (I8/1), LC (J9/1), MM (K8/1), MM (L8/1), PX (M7/1), PX (N7/1), PX (O6/1), HC (O7/1), PX (P6/1), MM (Q6/1), HC (R6/1), LC (R7/1), LI (M10/1), LI (M11/1), LI (N10/1), LI (N11/1), LI (O9/1), LI (O10/1), CP (O11), LI (P9/1), LI (P10/1), LI (Q8/1), LI (Q9/1), LDR-B.

Historical Note: Although Darius seemed to be on the defensive, he had been pulled into terrain unfavorable to his huge army. The Persians struck first by attacking the Allied cavalry under Parmenion, who held. Alexander followed up with a calculated strike using his Companion cavalry, directly at Darius, who fled the battlefield. Instead of chasing him down, Alexander encircled and crushed Darius' Greek mercenaries. With this strike and the retreat of their emperor, the Persian army collapsed.

Scenario 43: Pydna, 168 BC

Design: M. Nagel and B. Banks

Side A as Perseus (Macedonia)

The Romans have been polluting Greece, once the shining star of your Macedonian empire, for years. It's time to return it to its former glory. Your alliances are complete and now you march south with your mighty phalanxes.

Panic: 28
Units at Start: LC (G12/6), HC (H12/6), MM (I11/6), MM (J11/6), PX (K10/6), PX (L10/6), PX (M9/6), PX (M10/6), MM (N9/6), PX (N10/6), CP (N11), MM (O8/6), HC (P8/6), LC (Q7/6), LDR-B.

Side B as Paulus (Rome)

The Senate is concerned with Perseus' posturing and has elected you consul to protect Rome's interests in Greece. Perseus has defeated a Roman army before, but his phalanxes are slower than your mobile legions. With luck, you can take your opponent by surprise.

Panic: 25
Units at Start: LC (D11/3), LC (E10/3), HI (F9/3), CP (G6), MM (G10/3), HI (H10/3), MM (I9/3), HI (J9/3), MM (K8/3), HI (L8/3), MM (M7/3), HI (N7/3), MM (O6/3), LC (O4/3), LC (P4/3), HI (H8/3), HI (J7/3), HI (L6/3), LDR-B.

Special Rules

The stream represents broken ground. It costs 1 MP to enter and units become disrupted upon entry. Ignore all stream terrain effects.

Historical Note: When the fighting began, the Romans found Perseus' army fully deployed. At first, the Romans were unable to penetrate the Macedonian phalanxes. But as the latter advanced into broken terrain, they lost their cohesion, allowing the legions to break into their ranks for close combat. The Macedonian left broke first, followed by their center. With this, Perseus fled with his cavalry. After a bloody pursuit, Perseus was captured and paraded in chains throughout Rome.

Scenario 44: 2nd Adrianople, 378 AD

Design: M. Nagel and B. Banks

Disclosure: in the source scan used for this transcription, the card for this scenario is printed over itself (layers overlap and parts of the text are cut off). Only the legible parts are given below; items marked [illegible in scan] could not be read.

Side A as Valens, Emperor of Rome

You allowed the Goths into your empire for protection and they repay you by burning your towns. You've learned of successes in bringing the barbarians to heel. You've found their camp, which is foolishly unprotected. The battle will be quick and merciless.

Panic: [illegible in scan]
Units at Start: [only partly legible in scan:] LA (H4/6), MM (H5/6), MM (H6/6), MM (H7/6), MM (H8/6), (H9/6), LA (H10/6), MM (H11/6), LC (I3/6 or I6/6), LA (I4/6), HI (I5/6), HI (I7/6), HI (I8/6), HI (I9/6), LA (I10/6), HI (J6/6), HI (J7/6), HI (J8/6), HI (J9/6), (J10/6), CP (K6), LDR-B, LDR-D. [This list is assembled from two interleaved overprinted fragments; the types of the units at H9 and J10 and the exact unit order could not be confirmed.]

Side B as Fritigern, King of the Visigoths

The Romans offered you protection from the Huns and have [illegible in scan] slaves. You have decided to take what you were promised by [illegible in scan] has summoned an army to crush you. Let these liars feel the [illegible in scan]

Panic: 46
Units at Start: LI (C3/1), LI (D4/1), LI (E4/2), LI (E5/2), CP (C5), LI (D7/3), LI (E6/3), LI (B7/4), LI (C7/4), LI (A5/5), LI (A6/5), LI (A4/6), LI (B4/6), LDR-B.
Reinforcements: 14xHC, 6xLC (Turn ?: Enter at any of hexes A1, A2, A9, A11, B1-H1).

Special Rules

All Visigoth infantry strength is doubled if within two hexes of their camp.
At the beginning of each turn, the Visigoth player rolls a die. On a 1 or 3, the Visigoth reinforcements arrive (historically, this was on Turn 1).

Historical Note: The Romans marched through rough terrain towards what they thought was an unprotected camp. Most of the Gothic cavalry had been out foraging and returned once the Romans had engaged. The Goths surrounded the Romans, who were disrupted after their initial assault. This unexpected onslaught caused the Roman army to rout and be massacred by the pursuing Goths. Valens was lost during the retreat and was never seen again!

Scenario 45: Catalaunian Plains, 451 AD

Design: M. Nagel and B. Banks

Side A as Aetius (Rome)

You have learned that the Huns have invaded Gaul. To counter the invasion, you've marched north with what forces you could find. Along the way, alliances with powerful magnates have swelled your army ... but are they trustworthy?

Panic: 25
Units at Start: HI (F9/6), HI (G8/6), HI (H8/6), LI (H9/6), LI (G9/6), LI (K8/6), LI (L8/6), LI (M7/6), HI (M8/6), HI (L9/6), CP (L10), HC (O6/6), HC (P6/6), HC (P7/6), HC (Q5/6), HC (Q6/6), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Attila (Huns)

You have been contacted by Gaiseric, the king of the Vandals, and persuaded to wage war on the Goths. Doing so will create the chaos needed to disrupt Roman rule and open Gaul to conquest. Why not? You can always deal with Gaiseric later ...

Panic: 25
Units at Start: LI (D7/3), LI (E6/3), LI (E7/3), LI (F6/3), LI (F7/3), LI (G6/3), CP (H3), LC (H5/3), LC (I4/3), HC (I5/3), LC (J4/3), HC (J5/3), LC (K3/3), HC (K4/3), HC (L4/3), LI (M2/3), LI (N2/3), HC (N3/3), LI (O1/3), HC (O2/3), HC (P2/3), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Special Rules

The scenario starts on Turn 3, rather than Turn 1 (to indicate the impending nightfall).

Historical Note: Before the battle, Attila's diviners foretold of a disaster to befall the Huns and of the death of an enemy leader. Attila attacked at dusk, hoping for the demise of Aetius. Both armies charged a hill at the center of the battlefield, but the Roman forces arrived there first and were able to repulse the Huns from a superior position. While Attila tried to rally his forces, the Romans charged them, causing a rout. Aetius chose not to capture Attila, fearing that his loss would embolden the Goths.

Scenario 46: Lechfeld, 955 AD

Design: M. Nagel and B. Banks

Side A as Bulcsu, Magyar General

These Germans are puny and weak. Rather than defending themselves, they squabble and bicker. While sweeping them aside, you have learned their tactics and adopted their technology. No one can stop you!

Panic: 12
Units at Start: HC (G10/6), HC (G11/6), HC (H9/6), MA (H11/6), MA (H12/6), HC (I8/6), MA (I9/6), MA (J9/6), CP (L8), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Otto I, King of the Germans

Your vassals are puny and weak. Rather than act like kings, they squabble and bicker and fall to Magyar raids. You've dealt with uprisings and incursions before. Now is your opportunity to show your strength and bind the remnants of Charlemagne's empire into a new Roman Empire ... a Holy Roman Empire!

Panic: 16
Units at Start: CP (B11), HC (D9/3), HC (D10/3), HC (D11/3), HC (D12/3), HC (E7/3), HC (F7/3), HC (F8/3), HC (G7/3), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Historical Note: As Otto marched toward the Magyars, the latter released some of their light cavalry that managed to get around Otto's flank. Fortunately this force went after the German camp, rather than completing an encirclement that might have spelled doom for Otto. The German line crashed into the Magyars, keeping the Magyars from using their standard hit-and-run tactics. Otto kept good control of his troops, allowing them to rout the Magyars.

Scenario 47: Dorylaeum, 1097 AD

Design: M. Nagel and B. Banks

Side A as Kilij Arslan, Sultan of the Seljuk Turks

At first these "crusaders" were little more than a bickering rabble. But something new is approaching. Nicea and your treasury has been captured and handed over to the Byzantines. These fighters have spirit!

Panic: 23
Units at Start: LA (A5/3), LA (B5/3), LA (C4/3), HC (C6/3), LA (D4/3), HC (D6/3), LA (E3/3), HC (E5/3), MA (E7/3), HC (F5/3), MA (F7/3), MA (F8/3), HC (G4/3), MA (G6/3), MA (G7/3), MA (H6/3), MA (H7/3), MA (I5/3), MA (I6/3), MA (J6/3), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Bohemond of Taranto

You have grown up fighting your Christian neighbors and for what? The Pope has opened your eyes to a real threat. You must march east to "expel that wicked race from your Christian lands!"

Panic: 23
Units at Start: WW (N10), HA (N11/6), HA (O9/6), KT (O10/6), LDR-A.
Reinforcements: 3xKT, LDR-? (Turn ?: any map edge).

Special Rules

Bohemond starts with 1 VP.
At the beginning of each turn, Bohemond rolls a die. On a roll of 1 through 3, a group of reinforcements arrives. Up to four groups of reinforcements can arrive. The Leaders with each group are LDR-B, LDR-C, LDR-B and LDR-B respectively.

Historical Note: The Crusader army had separated when the Turks attacked. Bohemond's force was taken by surprise, but their knights were able to hold off the Turkish mounted archers. After several hours of fighting, more knights arrived to reinforce Bohemond, allowing them to hold on a little longer. The Turks had the Crusaders on the ropes when a third group of knights arrived, taking the Turks by surprise and allowing the Crusaders to rally. Finally a fourth group arrived, forcing the Turks to withdraw.

Scenario 48: Kalka River, 1223 AD

Design: B. Banks and K. Meints

Side A as Jebe the Mongols

Your revenge against the Khwarezmian Empire is complete upon hearing of the death of its sultan. The Khan has granted your wish to continue your campaign into the west. You have cut a swath of destruction to the gates of Russia where a new enemy awaits.

Panic: 15
Units at Start: MA (L12/6), MA (M11/6), MA (N11/6), HC (N12/6), MA (O10/6), HC (O11/6), MA (P10/6), HC (P11/6), MA (Q9/6), HC (Q10/6), MA (R9/6), HC (R10/6), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Mstislav the Bold

The Mongols have plundered your neighbors and you have received warnings that they're now headed your way. You have formed an alliance of Russian princes to meet the threat at the Dnepr. The Mongols have seen the size of your army and are in retreat!

Panic: 24
Units at Start: HI (E4/2), HA (E5/2), HI (F6/2), HI (G6/2), HI (G7/3), LI (J7/3), LI (K6/3), LC (K8/3), LI (L6/3), HC (L8/3), LI (M5/3), HC (M7/3), HC (N7/3), LI (O6/3), CP (F7), HI (F8/4), HA (D6/5), HA (E6/5), HA (E7/5), HA (D5/6), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Special Rules

Mstislav starts with 1 VP.

Historical Note: Little is known about the process of this battle. The Mongols feigned retreat for nine days before turning to attack at the Kalka River. Apparently one of the allied groups turned and ran, causing the bulk of the Russian army to panic. This confusion led to the destruction of the Russian army at the hands of the Mongols. Mstislav the Bold managed to escape with a small portion of his army. Another portion tried to hold out but was captured and wiped out.

Scenario 49: Kutna Hora, 1421 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor

The heretic Jan Hus has been captured and burned at the stake. His Taborite followers have banded together under a new leader, Jan Zizka, and have taken over Bohemia. Your first attempt to put down their revolt at Prague failed. But now you bring a much larger army to deal with the infidels.

Panic: 24
Units at Start: MI (F5/4), MI (G5/4), MI (H5/4), KT (I5/4), KT (J6/4), KT (K5/4), MI (L5/4), MI (M5/4), MI (N5/4), CP (J2), LDR-B.

Side B as Jan Zizka and the Taborites

You know how the Emperor's armies fight: head-on and without subtlety. They underestimated you at Prague and you've adopted your defensive tactics to the march. Let them come!

Panic: 16
Units at Start: KT (I12/1), PK (H12/6), LG (H11/6), PK (I10/1), LG (J10/1), PK (K10/1), LG (L11/2), PK (L12/2), CP (J12), LDR-A.

Special Rules

All Taborite units are doubled in strength when within two hexes of their Camp.
This was a two-day battle, and it can be played out as either. When playing the first day, Zizka begins with 1 VP. When playing the second day, Sigismund begins with 1 VP.

Historical Note: Jan Zizka set up his forces in a square, using the walls of Kutna Hora as an anchor to the rear. Sigismund surrounded this formation on three sides and advanced cautiously, owing to Zizka's effective use of gunfire and the expectation that a conspiracy within the town would weaken Zizka's position. This conspiracy took effect over that night. The following day, Zizka counterattacked and broke his forces out of the encirclement.

Scenario 50: Habry, 1422 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Jan Zizka and the Taborites

Winter is setting in and your leaders advise a retreat. But you've born close witness to the atrocities done by Sigismund and his Hungarian lackeys. With revenge in your heart, you form your armies for another attack.

Panic: 11
Units at Start: LI (J9/2), LI (J4/2), LI (K3/2), LG (K4/2), PK (K5/2), LG (K6/2), PK (K7/2), LG (K8/2), LI (K9/2), WW (H6), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Pipa of Ozora

After much deliberation, the king has ordered a retreat back to Moravia. Kutna Hora has been set aflame to deny it to the enemy and large numbers of loyalists follow in your wake. Zizka is on the move, so you form your cold and starving army to slow his advance.

Panic: 13
Units at Start: LC (M3/5), LC (M4/5), LC (M5/5), LC (M6/5), LC (M7/5), LC (M8/5), MI (P4/5), MI (P5/5), KT (P6/5), MI (P7/5), MI (P8/5), WW (R6), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Pipa's LC is subject to Command Control. However, if control fails, the LC is subject to Rout Movement, rather than charging.
Ignore the River terrain along the edge of the map.

Historical Note: Little detail is known about the progress of this battle. Pipa's forces formed a line near the village of Habry, deploying his Hungarian cavalry forward as a skirmish line. The cavalry withdrew, causing the infantry to panic. The result was a dash toward the Sazava River. The king managed to make it across, but the bulk of his army was caught and slaughtered by the Taborites.

Scenario 51: Malesov, 1424 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Jan Zizka and the Taborites

You are a feared leader and the target of both entreaties and assassination attempts. The council of Prague has negotiated peace with Sigismund, and their partisans are everywhere. Clearly, you are safest while on the march.

Panic: 13
Units at Start: HC (E1/4), LG (F2/4), PK (G2/4), LI (H3/4), CN|4 (H3/4) [printed as such, with H3 repeated, in the source], PK (I3/4), LG (J4/4), HC (K4/4), WW (H2), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Borek of Miletinek

Zizka and his heathens have turned the countryside into a blood-soaked landscape. This hard-head must be brought to account for his crimes, but this will be difficult as he still has strong support from local nobility. You must strike before he can reform his forces.

Panic: 17
Units at Start: MI (B4/1), MI (C4/1), LA (D5/1), MI (E5/1), KT (F6/1), MI (G6/1), LA (H7/1), MI (I7/1), MI (J8/1), CP (E8), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Zizka starts with 1 VP.
Double the combat value of the Taborite PK units during their first melee, provided that they do not move from their starting positions (representing the Battle-Wagon attack).

Historical Note: Zizka manages to stay one step ahead of the chasing Praguer army. He manages to reinforce and consolidate his army near the fortress of Malesov upon high ground overlooking poor terrain. As the larger Praguer army begins its charge up-hill, Zizka releases stone-filled battlewagons downhill, which disrupt the Praguer front lines. He follows the attack up with flanking attacks from his cavalry and a general charge. The Praguers, unable to regain cohesion, retreat.

Scenario 52: Aussig, 1426 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Prokop the Great

The great Jan Zizka is dead and the Taborite cause is fractured. You have been nominated to lead a disparate force of Bohemians to reclaim the city of Aussig from Saxon invaders, but an army three times your size has intercepted your effort. Can you hold them off, as Zizka would have done?

Panic: 10
Units at Start: HI (G8/1), LG (H9/1), PK (I9/1), PK (J10/1), LG (K10/1), HI (L11/1), WW (I10), LDR-A.

Side B as Boso of Vitzthum

The King promised the town of Aussig to the Duke of Saxony. Now it is overrun with infidels. The Duchess has sent you to reclaim it for her husband. Without Zizka at the front of their army, how tough can these Bohemians be?

Panic: 12
Units at Start: HC (F5/4), HC (G4/4), LI (H5/4), LI (I5/4), MI (J6/4), MI (K6/4), LI (L7/4), LI (M7/4), CP (J2), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Prokop begins the battle with 1 VP.
Prokop's forces may use a Barbarian Charge once during the scenario.

Historical Note: Prokop the Great had adopted Zizka's tactics virtually to the letter. He arrayed his forces on a hill, using Zizka's mobile fortress formations. As Boso's army advanced to meet the Bohemians, it was peppered with gunfire, sustaining high casualties. Seeing Boso's forces beginning to waver, Prokop ordered an attack and the Bohemians swarmed downhill. Boso's force fled in disarray.

Scenario 53: Lipany, 1434 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Prokop the Great

The alliance with your Bohemian brothers has been splintered. Bribes have induced some to join with the Pope and the Emperor into a so-called "Bohemian League." You have met the traitors and their Catholic masters on the plains of Lipany for one final battle.

Panic: 13
Units at Start: HC (F10/1), HC (F11/1), HA (G9/1), PK (H9/1), LG (I9/1), CN|4 (I9/1), LG (J10/1), CN|4 (J10/1), PK (K10/1), HA (L11/1), WW (I10), LDR-B, LDR-D. ("CN|4" is printed this way in the source.)

Side B as Borek of Miletinek

The Pope and Emperor wish for peace. They have convened a council and come to terms generous toward the Bohemians, and acknowledged by the Church. Some of the Bohemians have agreed and banded with you. The rest await your attack.

Panic: 19
Units at Start: CT (E5/4), CT (F5/4), LI (G4/4), CN|4 (G4/4), PK (H5/4), PK (I5/4), LI (J6/4), CN|4 (J6/4), PK (K6/4), PK (L7/4), LI (M7/4), CT (N8/4), CP (J3), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Special Rules

If any of the Taborite infantry is disrupted at the beginning of the turn, roll a die. If the roll is less than or equal to the number of disrupted units, remove the Taborite cavalry units (they've routed from the field).
Prokop's infantry is subject to Command Control.

Historical Note: Prokop arrayed his forces defensively. Borok initiated the battle with gunnery attacks, followed by a replused infantry assault. Borok pulled his troops back to draw Prokop out of his defenses. The ploy worked, allowing Borok to charge in with heavy cavalry. Rather than meet this assault, Prokop's cavalry fled the field, possibly owing to betrayal by its commander. Prokop died while making a final stand, and with him died the Taborite resistance.

Scenario 54: 2nd Kossovo, 1448 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Murad II, Sultan of the Ottomans

Your territories are attacked once again by the wicket Hunyadi, who would rather seek glory than see reason. It's time to rid yourself of this pest once and for all. You have twice his troops and Hunyadi's knights are no match for your janissaries.

Panic: 20
Units at Start: HC (E1/5), LI (F1/5), MI (F2/5), LI (G1/5), LA (G2/5), LI (H2/5), HG (H3/5), HG (H4/5), CP (I3), HG (I4/5), LA (J5/5), LI (K4/5), MI (K5/5), LI (L5/5), HC (L6/5), LI (M5/5), LDR-B.

Side B as John Hunyadi, Prince of Hungary

You have united the Hungarian provinces and the Pope has pronounced you Prince. Now you return your focus towards the expulsion of the Ottomans from Europe. An Ottoman army nearly twice the size of your own awaits, but you have reinforcements on the way.

Panic: 16
Units at Start: MA (C4/2), HC (D4/2), LI (D5/2), KT (E5/2), KT (F6/2), LI (G6/2), MA (G7/2), HC (H7/2), WW (E7), LDR-A.

Special Rules

Murad begins with 1 VP.
Attempts to rally HG units automatically succeed when adjacent to the LDR-B.
Day 2: Players should decide ahead of time if they'd like to play the scenario out as a two-day affair. At the end of the first battle, flip all units to their good-ordered side. Both players then roll a number of dice equal to the arrow symbols on surviving missile units (counting WW, but not CP). Each '6' rolled results in a hit on an opposing unit of the opponent's choice. Surviving units set up within three hexes of their CP or WW in their current state. Tally VP accumulated over both days.

Historical Note: An early assault left Hunyadi with the high ground, held by his knights. The next day, he assaulted the Turkish flanks with cavalry. Seeing these attacks fail, he charged their center with his knights and light infantry. These units slammed into the Janissaries, who took a beating, but eventually gave way. The Turks managed to regroup and repel the Hungarians. That evening, Turkish missiles harassed the Hungarians and on the following day, a final assault routed them.

Scenario 55: Formigny, 1450 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Sir Thomas Kyriell

English holdings in France are falling one by one. You have collected an army and sailed from Portsmouth to halt the bleeding. So far the French have been giving your army a wide berth ... but you know that won't last long.

Panic: 12
Units at Start: HA (D3/5), PK (E3/5), LA (F4/5), PK (G4/5), LA (H5/5), PK (I5/5), HA (I6/5), CP (I3), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Side B as the Comte de Clermont

The English have breached the Truce of Tours at a moment when they're foolishly weak. Now is the time to regain lost territory. An English army has been sent to stop you, but it has positioned itself poorly. Cast the invaders out!

Panic: 18
Units at Start: LA (A2/2), HI (A3/2), LI (A4/2), CN|5 (A4/2), HI (A5/2), LA (A6/2), CP (F12), LDR-B. ("CN|5" is printed this way in the source.)
Reinforcements: 3xKT, LDR-C (Turn ?: in or adjacent to CP).

Special Rules

Place Wooden Bridge in H4 and Stone Bridge between F11 and F12.
British archers may use rapid fire (twice/turn).
The French rolls a die at the beginning of each turn. If the roll is less than the current turn, their reinforcements arrive.

Historical Note: In the afternoon, his outposts alerted Kyriell of the French approach. He drew into a standard defensive position in front of a stream. Two initial French assaults were turned back by English missile fire. To counter their effect, Clermont brought up two Culverin guns to disrupt the English archers. The battle raged around these guns, which switched hands several times. Ultimately, the timely arrival of reinforcements brought victory to the French.

Scenario 56: Cerignola, 1503 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Fernandez de Cordoba (Spain)

Spain and France worked together to seize Naples. Now, the French would deny your king of his rightful share in its wealth. You've been called "El Gran Capitan" and you'll prove it with your new "Coronelia" musket and pike formations.

Panic: 15
Units at Start: HC (A1/4), HC (A2/4), HG (B2/4), HG (C2/4), LI (D3/4), CN|5 (D3/4), HG (E3/4), HG (F4/4), CP (D1), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Louis d'Armagnac (France)

France and Spain worked together to seize Naples. Now, the Spanish would deny your king of his rightful share in its wealth. You've marched in pursuit of the Spanish, which you outnumber by four to one in men and cannon and cornered their army on the heights of Cerignola.

Panic: 30
Units at Start: MI (A7/1), PK (A8/1), MI (B8/1), PK (B9/1), LI (C7/1), CN|5 (C7/1), MI (C8/1), CT (D7/1), CT (D8/1), MI (D9/1), LI (E7/1), CN|5 (E7/1), MI (E8/1), MI (F8/1), PK (F9/1), MI (G7/1), PK (G8/1), CP (D11), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Special Rules

De Cordoba starts with 1 VP.
D'Armagnac's CT must use command control.

Historical Note: De Cordoba set up his Coronelias (precursors to the Tercios) on high ground, supported by artillery in the center. The French launched two cavalry charges against the artillery, but were driven back by gunfire, as were subsequent charges against the flanks. These and further failed assaults by both cavalry and infantry resulted in the deaths of the French leaders. The French routed in confusion following a Spanish counter-attack.

Scenario 57: Muye, 1027 BC

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Duke Wu of Zhou

The Shang rulers are brutal and cruel. They imprisoned your father out of fear and have no concept of loyalty. It's time for a change. You have led a revolt, bringing several Shang allies to your cause. Now you face the king of the Shang across the battlefield. His defeat means the beginning of a new age.

Panic: 23
Units at Start: LI (B7/3), MI (C6/3), MI (D6/3), HC (E4/3), PK (E5/3), HC (F4/3), CH (F5/3), CH (G4/3), HI (H4/3), MI (I3/3), MI (J3/3), LI (K2/3), CP (D2), LDR-A, LDR-C, LDR-C, LDR-D.

Side B as King Di Xin of Shang

Your brilliance and leadership have created an empire. You've given great wealth to your vassals and now one of them, the Zhou, seeks to steal your throne. Only you have the right to all under Heaven, and with your massive army you will crush the traitors.

Panic: 37
Units at Start: LI (G10/6), LI (G11/6), HI (H10/6), LI (H11/6), HI (I9/6), LI (I10/6), CH (J9/6), PK (J10/6), CH (K8/6), PK (K9/6), CH (L8/6), PK (L9/6), HI (M7/6), PK (M8/6), HI (N7/6), PK (N8/6), LI (O6/6), LI (O7/6), LI (P6/6), LI (P7/6), LI (Q5/6), LI (Q6/6), CP (P11), LDR-B.

Historical Note: To aid in putting down the rebellion, Di Xin armed a vast number of slaves who immediately defected to Wu's army. Di Xin formed his army poorly, and when struck frontally by Wu, it's forward line fell back into its rear, causing great disorder. Di Xin's army collapsed and the king fled to his palace where he burned himself to death, along with all his treasures.

Scenario 58: Che, 717 BC

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Yen

You have been called to assist one of your allies in its conquest of Cheng. Your army greatly outnumbers Cheng's and you have far more chariots. Your victory will be swift and brutal.

Panic: 23
Units at Start: LI (B11/1), LI (C10/1), LI (C11/1), LA (D10/1), HI (D11/1), LA (E10/1), BC (F10/1), HI (F11/1), BC (G9/1), PK (G10/1), BC (H9/1), PK (H10/1), PK (H11/1), CP (H12), BC (I9/1), PK (I10/1), BC (J10/1), HI (J11/1), LA (K10/1), LA (L10/1), HI (L11/1), LI (M10/1), LI (M11/1), LI (N11/1), LDR-B, LDR-C, LDR-D.

Side B as Cheng

The Yen have chased you into ground of your own suiting. Your leaders are wily and Yen has left a town behind him. Keep him busy while you stab his great army in the back!

Panic: 30
Units at Start: LA (C2/4), LI (D2/4), BC (D3/4), HI (E2/4), LA (G1/4), CP (H1), HI (H2/4), BC (H3/4), LA (I1/4), HI (K2/4), LI (L2/4), BC (L3/4), LA (M2/4), LC (P2/4), HC (Q2/4), LC (R3/4), LDR-B, LDR-C, LDR-D.
Reinforcements: 2xHI, 2xLI, 1xLA (see Special Rules for entry).

Special Rules

Place a Town in hex Q12.
Beginning on Turn 3, the Cheng player rolls a die. If the roll is less than the current turn number, reinforcements enter in or adjacent to Q12. The Yen player may not move within two hexes of Q12 until the reinforcements arrive.

Historical Note: The Yen were a mercenary force sent to destroy a Cheng army. The latter retreated until it could find a suitable battlefield. The Yen chased the Cheng past the town of Che. Rather than take it, the Yen bypassed the town rather than lose their grip on the Yen. This allowed the Cheng to hold the Yen in place while a maneuvering force circled around under the cover of the town to strike the Yen from behind, bringing about a great victory.

Scenario 59: Yen-Ling, 575 BC

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Duke Li of Chin

After several months of maneuvering, your army faces that of Ch'u. One of your generals advocates an immediate attack, while the other suggests withdrawal. But the enemy is forming ranks. The decision has been made for you.

Panic: 26
Units at Start: HC (C10/1), BC (D10/1), BC (E9/1), LA (G9/1), LI (G11/1), LA (H9/1), HI (H11/1), LA (I8/1), HI (I10/1), BC (J7/1), HI (J10/1), BC (K6/1), LI (K9/1), HC (L6/1), CP (J12), LDR-A, LDR-C, LDR-C.

Side B as the King of Ch'u

The Chin have been toppling kingdom after kingdom. Only you remain free of their grasp. They have tried to conquer you before, and you have beaten them time and again. Now your army is vastly superior in men and chariots. Today you will turn the tide on the Chin expansion!

Panic: 33
Units at Start: LI (A5/4), MI (B5/4), MI (C4/4), LA (D4/4), HI (E3/4), BC (E5/4), CP (F1), PK (F3/4), BC (F5/4), HI (G2/4), BC (G4/4), LA (H2/4), BC (H4/4), MI (I1/4), BC (I3/4), MI (J1/4), LI (K1/4), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Ignore all Hill terrain.
Treat hexes F8, G7 and H7 as Swamp terrain.

Historical Note: The King of Ch'u assembled his army to hastily; relying upon poorly trained troops and disgruntled commanders. The Chin noted that all of the Ch'u strength lay at its center and so initiated attacks on both flanks. Failure to properly coordinate a defense against this assult resulted in the collapse of the Ch'u army and a great victory for the Chin.

Scenario 60: Sabis River, 57 BC

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Boduognatus, Chief of the Nervii

Galba, King of the Belgae hatched a plot to drive the Romans from Gaul. At the head of a great army of allied tribes, he attacked the Romans at Bibracte. Galba's poor leadership resulted in a rout of the allied tribes, most of who surrendered to the Romans. Now, only your Nervii and a handful of tribes stand before the complete Roman conquest of Gaul.

Panic: 30
Units at Start: LI (G5/3), LI (H5/3), LI (H6/3), LI (I2/3), LI (I3/3), LI (I4/3), LI (I5/3), LI (J3/3), LI (J4/3), LI (J5/3), CP (J6), LI (F12/3), LI (G11/3), LI (G12/3), LI (H9/3), LI (H10/3), LI (H11/3), LI (H12/3), LI (I9/3), LI (I10/3), LI (I11/3), LI (M1/4), LI (M2/4), LI (N2/4), LI (N3/4), LI (O2/4), LI (O3/4), LI (P2/4), LI (P3/4), LI (Q1/4), LI (Q2/4), LDR-A.

Side B as Julius Caesar

The Belgae have underestimated the skill of your armies and your own strategic and tactical ability. Rather than attack en masse, they have allowed you to pick them apart piecemeal. Most have succumbed to your will, but a few still resist. 150,000 of these await you across the Sabis.

Panic: 42
Units at Start: LC (L4/6), MM (L5/6), MM (L6/6), HI (R5/6), HI (Q5/6), MM (Q6/6), HI (P6/6), CP (P8), MM (P9/6), HI (O6/6), HI (O7/6), HI (O8/6), HI (O9/6), MM (O10/6), HI (N10/6), HI (N11/6), MM (N12/6), HI (M10/6), HI (M11/6), HI (M12/6), LDR-A, LDR-C, LDR-C.
Reinforcements: HIx4, MMx2, LC (Turn 6, enter between R6 and R9, inclusive).

Special Rules (numbered 3 to 5 as printed)

The Barbarian infantry may use a charge once during the scenario.
All Roman HI start the game disordered.
Ignore Hill terrain.

Historical Note: Some of Caesar's cavalry crosses the Sabis, driving opposing cavalry into nearby woods. As the remainder of Caesar's army advances and begins to make camp, the forces of three Belgic tribes rush out of the woods and across the Sabis, taking them by surprise. Roman skill at arms allows the legionaries to quickly form ranks in the face of the barbarian onslaught. The legions at the extreme left manage to rout the opposing barbarians and get behind them to turn a near defeat into a great victory.

Scenario 61: Idistaviso, 16 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Germanicus, General of Rome

The pain from the loss at the Teutoburg Wald is still being felt. The emperor, you uncle, has sent you into the wilderness to put down the rebellious German tribes once and for all. The morale of your men is as strong as their training. No eagles will be lost this time!

Panic: 23
Units at Start: HC (I8/2), LC (I9/2), CP (K12), HC (J9/2), HI (J10/2), LI (K9/2), HI (K10/2), LI (L10/2), HI (L11/2), MM (M10/2), HI (M11/2), MM (N11/2), HI (N12/2), LI (O11/2), HI (O12/2), LI (P12/2), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Side B as Arminius, Chief of the Germans

The Romans have not learned the lesson of the Teutoburg Wald and have returned to take your territory. You done everything you could to avoid battle, including appealing to the Roman's greed and avarice, but to no avail. You have defeated a Roman army before and you'll do it again.

Panic: 13
Units at Start: LI (L8), LC6 (M8), LI (N8), LI (N9), LI (O8), LI (O9), CP (Q7), LI (P9), MM (P10), MM (Q10), MM (R11), LI (I6), LI (J7), LI (K7), LDR-B, LDR-B. ("LC6 (M8)" is printed this way in the source.)

Special Rules

Ignore the Stream terrain.
Roman HC does not disrupt in Woods terrain.

Historical Note: The terrain played into the Romans hands, as they formed a strong front with cavalry support on one wing and the Wesser River on the other. The Germans charged bravely and nearly broke through the stiff Roman center. The Roman flanks held and repulsed the German attack. While retreating back toward the woods, confusion broke out among the Germans as the Roman cavalry struck them from behind. With both flanks broken, the German center followed suit.

Scenario 62: Watling Street, 60 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Boudiccea, Queen of the Iceni

The Romans have ignored your claims to the throne of the Iceni. Rather than adhering to your father's wishes, they have flogged you and raped your daughters. In return you have led a revolt, destroyed their temple and burned their cities. At every step, the Romans have retreated before your superior numbers. Now you've finally caught them.

Panic: 18
Units at Start: LI (C2/4), LI (D2/4), LI (D3/4), LI (D4/4), LI (E1/4), LI (E2/4), LI (E3/4), CP (F1), LI (F2/4), LI (F3/4), BC (F4/4), LI (G1/4), LI (G2/4), LI (G3/4), LI (H2/4), LI (H3/4), LI (H4/4), LI (I2/4), LDR-B.

Side B as Paulinus, General of Rome

You've received word that the Iceni have revolted, and have rushed to meet them with what force you could muster. With the rebels hot on your heels, you've led them into terrain beneficial to the skills of the Roman legionnaire.

Panic: 10
Units at Start: HI (D9/1), HI (E9/1), LA (F9/1), HI (F10/1), HI (G9/1), HI (H9/1), LC (E11/1), CP (F11), LDR-A, LDR-C.

Special Rules

The wooded terrain is impassible and no unit may move beyond hex columns C and I.
The Iceni must use Command Control.
The Barbarian LI may use a charge once during the scenario. It must be used on the first turn that command control is lost, if unused by that point.

Historical Note: The barbarians outnumbered the Romans by 20 to 1. Paulinus placed his forces in a gorge to avoid being outflanked. The barbarians charged in and slammed against the Roman shields. Terrain, discipline and the use of fluid wedge formations allowed the Romans to easily withstand the shock of the barbarian attacks. The barbarians fell in massive numbers before the Roman shield wall, until they were finally routed and massacred.

Scenario 63: Tours, 732 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi

The Umayyad Caliphate is the strongest in the world, stretching from Persia to Iberia, spreading the power of Islam across the globe. An opportunity to spread the true faith across the Pyrenees and into Frankish territory has presented itself. God is with you.

Panic: 30
Units at Start: LI (D3/4), LC (D4/4), MI (E1/4), LA (E2/4), LC (E3/4), LA (F3/4), LC (F4/4), MI (G1/4), LI (G2/4), LC (G3/4), LI (H3/4), LC (H4/4), MI (I1/4), LI (I2/4), LC (I3/4), LI (J3/4), LC (J4/4), MI (K1/4), LI (K2/4), LC (K3/4), LA (L3/4), LC (L4/4), MI (M1/4), LA (M2/4), LC (M3/4), LI (N3/4), LC (N4/4), CP (P1), LDR-B, LDR-C.

Side B as Charles Martel

The infidels spread their beliefs across the globe and threaten the one true faith. Now, they invade your territory, leaving terrible destruction and desolation in their wake. But they have been defeated before and they are unaware of the strength of a Frankish army. God is with you.

Panic: 39
Units at Start: PK (E7/1), PK (F8/1), PK (G7/1), PK (H8/1), PK (I7/1), PK (J8/1), PK (K7/1), PK (L8/1), KT (M8/1), LI (M9/1), KT (N8/1), LI (N9/1), KT (O7/1), LI (O8/1), CP (O10), LDR-B, LDR-B.

Special Rules

The Frankish PK may use a Barbarian Charge once per turn.
At the start of each turn, starting with Turn 2, the Frankish player rolls a die. If the roll is less than the current turn, place 4xLI and a LDR-D in hexes R1-4.
The Franks start with 1 VP.

Historical Note: Charles Martel selected the ground for the battle well. He formed his forces into a large square that was virtually impenetrable to continual cavalry shocks. While occupying the invaders, Martel sent a small contingent to sack the Umayyad base camp. This action drew off part of the Umayyad forces, an act perceived by much of the rest of their army as a retreat, which it soon became. While trying to halt it, Abd-al-Rahman was surrounded and killed.

Scenario 64: Ashdown, 871 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Alfred, Prince of Wessex

The Vikings have been running wild through the adjacent kingdom of Mercia. Your brother Ethelred has been bribing them to ensure the security of Wessex, but their greed has brought them across your borders. You have been fighting for weeks and after a brief respite following a defeat at Reading, you have to form battle lines again.

Panic: 11
Units at Start: LI (P2/3), LI (O2/3), LI (N3/3), LI (M4/3), MI (M5/3), MI (M6/3), MI (M7/3), LI (M8/3), CP (K4), LDR-A, LDR-D.

Side B as King Halfdan Ragnarsson and the Vikings

England is torn by internal fighting and has turned its gaze inward. You and your Vikings have taken the opportunity to invade. Mercia has been ravaged and has nothing else to offer. Wessex has been paying you well, there must be more for the taking. Their army is on the run ... now is the time to finish it off.

Panic: 11
Units at Start: MI (R5/6), MI (Q5/6), MI (P6/6), MI (P7/6), LI (O8/6), LI (O9/6), LI (O10/6), CP (R9), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Historical Note: Four days after the defeat at Reading, Alfred has summoned all able-bodied men from the surrounding countryside. Both armies drew up before each other, the Vikings on somewhat better ground. The Saxon army was eager to fight, but Ethelred opted to spend time in prayer. Alfred took the opportunity to seize command of the army and charged the Vikings. The battle, ultimately a huge melee, went Alfred's way with great loss of life on both sides.

Scenario 65: Harran, 1104 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Sokman ibn Artuq

The Seljuk Empire has been weakened by infighting and the Christians have taken advantage to send new armies into the Holy Land. You have made peace with your neighbors in light of this threat and have banded together to hurl the infidels out.

Panic: 21
Units at Start: MA (J9/1), MA (J10/1), MA (K8/1), MA (K9/1), MA (L8/1), MA (L9/1), MA (M7/1), MA (M8/1), MA (N7/1), MA (N8/1), MA (O6/1), MA (O7/1), WW (H12), LDR-A, LDR-C.
Reinforcements: 3xMA, 3xHC, LDR-B (see Special Rules for entry).

Side B as Baldwin II of Edessa

This new crusade has not gone well. The Christian states have all but been cut off from Europe. In fighting and power struggles have left the crusaders weak and subject to defeats by the infidels. But now you've banded together to take the city of Harran and your united army is no match for the Turkish light horse.

Panic: 46
Units at Start: HA (K2/4), KT (K3/4), HI (L2/4), KT (L3/4), HI (M1/4), KT (M2/4), HA (N1/4), KT (N2/4), WW (C1), LDR-B.
Reinforcements: 4xKT, 2xHI, 2xHA, LDR-C (see Special Rules for entry).

Special Rules

All Crusader units are subject to Command Control.
Starting with Turn 2, both players roll a die at the beginning of each turn. If the roll is less than the current turn, they receive their reinforcements along the map edge adjacent to and within two hexes of their respective Camps.

Historical Note: The Seljuks were attempting to break the siege of Harran when crusader reinforcements under Behemund arrived. The Seljuks immediately withdrew, a sign taken by the Crusaders as a retreat. The pursuit continued for two days until the Seljuks turned to fight at the Balikh River, taking the Crusaders completely by surprise. Baldwin's forces had crossed the river in foolish pursuit of the Turks and were trapped by the counterattack, resulting in Baldwin's capture.

Scenario 66: Montgisard, 1177 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as King Baldwin IV

You are a leper and your kingdom is in turmoil. None of your plans for alliances or conquest are getting started. You have learned that Saladin has begun an invasion of your kingdom with Jerusalem as its goal. You only have a few knights on hand, but you will do what you can to stop his advance.

Panic: 19
Units at Start: HI (D5/3), HA (D6/3), HI (E4/3), KT (E5/3), HI (F4/3), KT (F5/3), HI (G3/3), KT (G4/3), HA (H3/3), KT (H4/3), CP (B1), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-C.

Side B as Saladin

The crusader king is far too weak personally and militarily to stop you from taking back that which was stolen. You've taken town after town and left a token force to contain the crusaders. What's this? They're attacking?!?

Panic: 20
Units at Start: MA (D11/6), MA (E10/6), LC (E11/6), LC (F11/6), MA (G9/6), MA (H9/6), LC (H10/6), MA (I8/6), LC (I9/6), LC (J9/6), MA (K7/6), MA (L7/6), LC (L8/6), MA (M6/6), LC (M7/6), LC (N7/6), MA (O5/6), MA (P5/6), LC (P6/6), LC (Q5/6), CP (N10), LDR-A, LDR-C.

Special Rules

All of Saladin's units begin the scenario disrupted.
The Crusader player may use Rout Movement.

Historical Note: Saladin underestimated the skill of the crusaders, who easily swept aside their "captors" and set out in pursuit. The crusaders caught Saladin by surprise. While Saladin attempted to form up, Baldwin led a charge into the heart of their ranks, causing great destruction. Nearly all of Saladin's army had been destroyed by a relative handful of knights being led by a sickly boy-king. Saladin fled back to Egypt to begin rebuilding his forces.

Scenario 67: La Forbie, 1244 AD

Original Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Baibars

The Khwarezmians have been hurled from their homeland by the Mongols and have settled on Jerusalem as a new home. Your Egyptian leaders have brokered a peace with them and sent you to aid in their defense against the Outremers and your own Jordanian cousins. Although their host includes powerful knights, you can counter them with your Mamluk warriors.

Panic: 22
Units at Start: CT (M1/5), CT (M2/5), CT (M3/5), CT (N1/5), CT (N2/5), CT (N3/5), LC (M5/6), LC (M6/6), LC (M7/6), LC (M8/6), LC (M9/6), LC (N6/6), LC (N7/6), LC (N8/6), LC (N9/6), LC (N10/6), CP (Q7), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Walter IV of Brienne

The emperor has come to an agreement with the Muslims that he would be crowned King of Jerusalem, but the Khwarezmians have taken over and are supported by Egypt. You have been sent to lead an allied army to remove these invaders. The invaders may have Mamluks, but you have knights of the Templar, Hospitaller and Teutonic orders and thousands of Syrian cavalry.

Panic: 22
Units at Start: HI (E9/2), HI (E10/2), HI (E11/2), HI (E12/2), KT (F10/2), KT (F11/2), CP (B11), LC (F1/3), LC (F2/3), LC (F4/3), LC (F5/3), LC (F6/3), LC (F7/3), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Historical Note: This scenario represents the second day of the battle. Baibars attacked the Syrian allies with Khwarezmian cavalry, tearing them apart. With their left flank destroyed, the crusaders launched an assault against the Mamluks, hoping to rout them and surround the Khwarezmians, but their attack stalled. This allowed the Khwarezmians to surround the Crusaders instead, resulting in their collapse. Over 5,000 were killed and 800 prisoners taken, including Walter of Brienne.

Scenario 68: Crécy, 1346 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Phillip VI of France

A foreign power cannot hold claim upon the throne of another. You have gathered a force of loyal nobles to stem the tide of invasion. Things have not gone well, but you have kept your forces intact. The invaders are tired and far from supply. There is no better time to strike!

Panic: 57
Units at Start: LA (K8/1), KT (K9/1), KT (K10/1), KT (K11/1), LA (L8/1), KT (L9/1), MI (L10/1), KT (L11/1), LA (M7/1), KT (M8/1), MI (M9/1), KT (M10/1), LA (N7/1), KT (N8/1), MI (N9/1), KT (N10/1), LA (O6/1), KT (O7/1), KT (O8/1), KT (O9/1), CP (N12), LDR-B.

Side B as Edward III of England

The French king is dead and a pretender has been placed on the throne. You are the only royalty with a valid claim on France, and you will take it. You've crushed the French fleet and have been making slow but steady progress toward complete conquest. For now, your army needs to rest and recuperate and the ground near Crécy looks promising.

Panic: 17
Units at Start: LA (J6/4), CP (K1), KT (K2/4), LA (K3/4), MI (K4/4), HI (K5/4), KT (L2/4), LA (L3/4), LA (L5/4), LA (M2/4), LA (M4/4), CN|4 (M4/4), LA (N2/4), LA (N4/4), MI (O2/4), HI (O3/4), LA (P3/4), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Special Rules

Any unit entering the Stream must stop, in addition of normal effects.
French knights must use Command Control.
English archers may fire three times per turn.
The English start with 1 VP.

Historical Note: This battle was an example of quality over quantity and experience over inexperience. The French were over-eager to attack the English, confident that their numbers would swiftly carry the day. The English has set up in an excellent defensive position, allowing the French charge to be slowed and devastated by longbow and primitive artillery fire. After multiple charges and terrible casualties, the French withdrew in disgrace.

Scenario 69: Poitiers, 1356 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as John II of France

The Black Prince has been raiding throughout the country, burning and pillaging as he goes. You've caught up with him outside of Poitiers. Your father was unable to defeat the English king. You have a chance to defeat his son.

Panic: 35
Units at Start: HA (N6/6), HA (N7/6), KT (N8/6), HA (O5/6), KT (P5/6), MI (P7/6), MI (P8/6), MI (P9/6), MI (Q7/6), MI (Q8/6), MI (Q9/6), MI (R7/6), MI (R8/6), MI (R9/6), MI (R10/6), CP (R11), LDR-B, LDR-D.

Side B as the Black Prince

Your garrisons have been under threat and you have ridden to their aid. Little resistance has been offered so far, but bad weather and strong walls has delayed you at Tours, allowing an army under King John to catch you. Let them come! You'll finish them in the same manner that you and your father finished them at Crécy.

Panic: 12
Units at Start: MI (J4/3), CP (K2), KT (K3/3), MI (L3/3), HI (L5/3), HI (L6/3), LA (L7/3), LA (L8/3), HI (M4/3), LA (N4/3), LA (O3/3), LDR-A, LDR-C, LDR-C.

Special Rules

Units moving into the Stream terrain must stop, in addition to standard effects.
French knights must use Command Control.
English archers may fire three times per turn.
The English start with 1 VP.

Historical Note: Edward learned well at Crécy. He arrayed his army into three battles, his left wing simulating retreat. This caused a French charge that was met with a hail of missile fire. The Dauphin followed with infantry, but was thrown back. Upon witnessing the retreat, the third French unit routed, allowing the English to surround the remaining French. In the melee, King John was captured. Unable to pay sufficient ransom, John died in captivity.

Scenario 70: Agincourt, 1415 AD

Design: B. Banks and M. Nagel

Side A as Henry V of England

You've reinvaded France to claim debts owed and avenge insults received. Your success has been great, but now you must retreat into winter quarters at Calais. The French have been dogging your footsteps and you're forced to fight before they can be reinforced. Your men are tired, hungry and ill, but can still fight like lions.

Panic: 7
Units at Start: LA (C2/4), LA (D2/4), HI (E1/4), LA (F1/4), HI (G1/4), LA (H2/4), LA (I2/4), CP (J1), LDR-A.

Side B as Charles VI of France

The English have defeated much larger French armies time and again, so you would prefer to starve Henry out rather than fight. But Henry has chosen to hold his ground after a long retreat. They are tired and hungry and you outnumber them by three to one. Henry, like your good King John, will spend the remainder of his days in prison.

Panic: 65
Units at Start: MI (D6/1), HA (D7/1), MI (D8/1), MI (E5/1), HA (E6/1), MI (E7/1), MI (F6/1), HA (F7/1), MI (F8/1), MI (G5/1), HA (G6/1), MI (G7/1), MI (H6/1), HA (H7/1), MI (H8/1), KT (C10/1), KT (C11/1), KT (E10/1), KT (E11/1), KT (F10/1), KT (F11/1), CP (F12), KT (G10/1), KT (G11/1), KT (I10/1), KT (I11/1), LDR-B.

Special Rules

Woods terrain is impassible and units may not move beyond hex columns B and J.
English archers fire three volleys per turn.
The French KT and MI are subject to Command Control.
The English start with 1 VP.

Historical Note: Like his predecessors, Henry chose his ground well. The French, confident in a victory, charged into the narrow battlefield and were again struck down by massed missile fire. The congested battlefield allows no maneuver, so the French suffered further losses while trying to move through mud and their own casualties. Other than a small force managing to sack the English camp, the English army was relatively unscathed, while the French was slaughtered.

Scenario 71: Varna, 1444 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Vladyslav III of Poland

The Turks are at the doors of Constantinople and you've been asked by the Pope to hold them back. You've marched toward Varna on the Black Sea to link with a large papal fleet, but it is nowhere to be found. To make matters worse, you've discovered a large Turkish army encamped nearby. A successful surprise attack may drive them off.

Panic: 21
Units at Start: LG (L11/1), CP (L11), HC (N8/1), LC (N11/1), HC (M7/1), LC (M8/1), HC (L7/1), LC (L8/1), LC (J7/1), LC (J10/1), HC (I6/1), LC (I9/1), LC (H6/1), LC (H9/1), LC (F7/1), HC (E6/1), LC (D7/1), LDR-B, LDR-B, LDR-D, LDR-D. (Hex entries are as printed in the source.)

Side B as Murad II

You have taken a beating by the Hungarian commander Hunyadi and have retired in disgrace. The Christians now launch another crusade into your territory and your son has convinced you do return to command. You lead a large army across the Bosphorus to protect your provinces. Your Janissaries may lead you to victory this time.

Panic: 25
Units at Start: LC (D3/4), LC (D4/4), LC (E2/4), LC (E3/4), LC (F2/4), LC (F3/4), LI (H1/4), HG (H2/4), CP (I1), HG (I2/4), LI (J1/4), HG (J2/4), LC (L2/4), CC (L3/4), LC (M2/4), CC (M3/4), LC (N3/4), LC (N4/4), LDR-A, LDR-B, LDR-D.

Special Rules

Treat all Hill terrain as Woods.

Historical Note: The Turks began the battle with a strike at the Hungarian's right, managing to push it back toward the Hungarian camp. The Hungarian left managed to push back the Ottoman right and was on the verge of breaking it when the young king foolishly charged the Ottoman Janissaries at the center and was killed in the process. The battle ended as a costly stalemate, followed by a general retreat that cost the Hungarians the rest of their army.

Scenario 72: Brunkeberg, 1471 AD

Design: M. Nagel

Side A as Christian I of Denmark

The Kalmar Union was created to protect Scandinavia from military and economic threats, and you are its head. The new Swedish viceroy wants to break off, threatening the entire Union. You must remove the beast's head to save its body.

Panic: 15
Units at Start: HI (H6/5), HG (H7/5), HI (I6/5), HG (I7/5), HI (J7/5), LG (J8/5), CN|5 (J8/5), CP (K7), LG (K7/5), HG (K8/5), LDR-A, LDR-B.

Side B as Sten Sture of Sweden

The Danes have turned your nation's agreement to join the Kalmar Union as an excuse to dictate your national policy. You've been elected as viceroy to return your national sovereignty. Defeating Christian as he lands his forces will guarantee your freedom.

Panic: 32
Units at Start: LI (C8/1), MI (D8/1), LI (D9/1), HT (E8/1), LI (E9/1), HT (F9/1), LI (F10/1), HT (G9/1), LI (G10/1), MI (H10/1), LI (H11/1), HI (P7/5), HI (P9/6), CP (P8), LDR-B.
Reinforcements: 2xCT, HT, 2xLDR-C (see Special Rules for entry).

Special Rules

Place Towns in hexes K7, M8 and M9. Place a Wooden Bridge in hex N8.
Ignore all Woods terrain between the River and Stream. Treat all Hill terrain as Woods.
Starting on Turn 3, the Swedish player rolls a die at the beginning of the turn. If the roll is less than the current turn number, his reinforcements arrive on the Stream terrain in hexes from D2 to J5.
The HI in O7 and O8 may not be activated until the reinforcements arrive, unless the Wooden Bridge is crossed by the Danes.

Historical Note: Sture planned to trap the Danes in a pincer. He sent his cousin Nils in a long march around the Dane's right flank. This loss of strength inflated the Danes' confidence, and engaged Sture immediately. While Sture held out, Nils' force reappeared behind the Danes in addition to another Swedish force from Stockholm landing against their left flank. The Danes' position became indefensible. They withdrew to their boats, but not without inflicting great casualties among the Swedes.

Ancient Battles Deluxe: From Guts to Gunpowder

Ancient Battles Deluxe: From Guts to Gunpowder Rulebook

Table of Contents

[0.0] Using these Rules

[1.0] Introduction

[2.0] Equipment Used

Unit Types

Leaders

Combat Units

Infantry Type Units

Cavalry Type Units

'Other' Type Units

[3.0] Sequence of Play

Procedure

Command Table

[4.0] Army Panic Check

Procedure

Panic Effects

[5.0] Determine Initiative

General Rule

Procedure

[6.0] Activation

Procedure

Cases

[7.0] Rally

General Rule

Procedures

Cases

Rally Table

[8.0] Movement

General Rule

Procedures

Cases

Terrain Effects Chart

[9.0] Panic Movement

General Rule

Procedure

[10.0] Ranged Combat

General Rule

Procedures

Cases

Ranged Combat Table

[11.0] Melee Combat

General Rule

Procedure

Cases

Retreat before Melee Cases

Procedure

Melee Combat Table

[12.0] End of Turn Activities

Procedure

[13.0] Camps & War Wagons

General Rule

[14.0] Victory Conditions

General Rule

Procedure

[15.0] Scenarios

General Rule

[16.0] Gameplay Example

Game Turn 1

Game Turn 2

Backward Compatibility

The Future

[17.0] Optional Rules

Elephant Table

Scenarios

Scenario 1: Kadesh, 1288 BC

Scenario 2: Leuctra, 371 BC

Scenario 3: Chaeronea, 338 BC

Scenario 4: Granicus, 334 BC

Scenario 5: Legnano, 1176 AD

Scenario 6: Hattin, 1187 AD

Scenario 7: Arsouf, 1191 AD

Scenario 8: Bannockburn, 1314 AD

Scenario 9: Second Mantinea, 362 BC

Scenario 10: Gaugamela, 331 BC

Scenario 11: Hydaspes, 326 BC

Scenario 12: Heraclea, 280 BC

Scenario 13: Trebia, 218 BC

Scenario 14: Raphia, 217 BC